Objective: To determine compliance, factors affecting compliance to antihypertensive therapy and to compare compliant and non-compliant groups, in a tertiary care setting.Study Design: Analytical (cross-sectional) study.Place and Duration of Study: The outpatient clinics at the Aga Khan University from May 2004 to February 2005.Patients and Methods: Two hundred patients presenting to the outpatients clinic were included. All patients 18 years and above, who had stage 1 and 2 hypertension, had one clinic visit to a medicine clinic, 6 months prior to presentation and started on antihypertensive medicines, were included.Results: Sixty six percent were males and 33.5 % were females. Mean age was 58.1(+/-12) years and mean duration of hypertension was 7.2 (+/- 6.7) years. Fifty-seven percent were compliant and 43 % were noncompliant. In the noncompliant group, 53.4 % had mild noncompliance, 24.4 % had severe non-compliance, while 22% had moderate noncompliance. Factors of noncompliance were 56.8% missed doses due to forgetfulness, 12.7% deliberately missed their doses, 11.6% could not take the medicine due to side effects, 10.4% did not take the dose due to increased number of tablets, 4.6% were not properly counseled by the physician and 3.48% did not take medicines due to cost issues. The mean systolic blood pressure was 126 +/- 19.2 mmHg in the compliant group while it was 133 +/-16.5 mmHg in the noncompliant group p-value 0.004). The mean diastolic blood pressure in the compliant group was 76 +/- 11.9 mmHg, while in the noncompliant group it was 81.9 +/-10.9 mmHg (p-value 0.001).Conclusion: Compliance to antihypertensive therapy in a tertiary care center is significantly good. Forgetfulness was the major reason for noncompliance. The mean blood pressure control was better in the compliant group
