'Faculty of Law Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek'
Doi
Abstract
Radom se želi pokazati da suvremeno međunarodno pravo nudi rješenja kada je riječ o zaštiti kulturne baštine u morskim prostorima izvan nacionalne jurisdikcije, tj. u Zoni međunarodnog podmorja. Pritom se daje poseban osvrt na pitanje zaštite olupine putničkog parobroda “Titanic” kao kulturnog dobra od značenja za cijelo čovječanstvo. U prvom dijelu rada analiziraju se međunarodnopravna pravila primjenjiva na zaštitu i očuvanje kulturnih dobara u Zoni. Analiza kreće od Konvencije UN-a o pravu mora, kojom pitanje zaštite podvodne kulturne baštine nije cjelovito uređeno. Rad se zatim detaljnije bavi međunarodnopravnim mehanizmima koje je predvidjela Konvencija UNESCO-a o zaštiti podvodne kulturne baštine. Naposljetku se razmatra i mogućnost primjene režima zaštite prema Konvenciji UNESCO-a o zaštiti svjetske kulturne i prirodne baštine. Drugi dio rada posvećen je međunarodnopravnoj situaciji glede zaštite olupine “Titanica”, gdje se, pored analize najvažnijih odredaba posebnog Sporazuma glede zaštite olupine “Titanica” iz 2003. koji još nije na snazi, raspravlja o izgledima primjene univerzalnih konvencija razmatranih u prvom dijelu rada te se nastoji dati procjena može li se predviđenim mehanizmima osigurati efikasna zaštita tog vrijednog kulturnog dobra.The paper aims to demonstrate that contemporary international law has solutions to offer when it comes to protecting the cultural heritage in maritime areas beyond national jurisdicti- on, i.e. in the International Seabed Area. In this context, the author also specifically considers issues regarding the protection of RMS Titanic’s wreck, as a cultural heritage site significant to the whole of humankind. In the first part, the paper analyses the rules of international law applicable to the protection and preservation of cultural objects in the International Seabed Area. The analysis commences with the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which only partially regulated the protection of the underwater cultural heritage. In addition, the paper researches in detail into the international legal mechanisms as provided for by the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage. Finally, the author exa- mines the possibility of applying the protection regime according to the UNESCO Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. The second part of the paper focuses on the international legal situation regarding the protection of Titanic’s wreck. Besides analysing the most important provisions of the special 2003 Agreement concerning the Shipwrecked Vessel RMS Titanic, which is not yet in force, the author reviews the pros- pects of applying the universal conventions discussed in the first part of the paper and also seeks to assess the effectiveness of the mechanisms at hand in assuring the protection of this valuable cultural object
