Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 6th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, May 12-14, 2016Introduction: Implantology has known a remarkable evolution over the past 15-20 years. Dental
implants are the first treatment option in tooth loss. Modern concepts and aspects in dental implanvology
are widely discussed nowadays, while errors and complications are not as well studied. Complications
in implant treatment are being discussed more frequently within the recent international conferences.
According to (Annibali S. et al. 2009), the complications in implant-prosthetic treatment are divided by
the moment of appearance. The immediate complications are: infection, swelling, bruising and
hematoma, emphysema, bleeding, flaps dehiscence, sensorial disturbances. The late complications are:
mucositis, periimplantitis, disintegration of the implant, gingival retraction, secondary nervous lesions,
impact fracture. The purpose of the study is evaluation of implantological treatment complications and
developing prophylaxis measures.
Materials and methods: The study group is represented by 20 patients, on which 68 implants
were inserted. The patients with implant fracture and periimplantitis were selected, according to Annibali
S. et al classification. The average age is 52,3 years, the oldest patient was 82 years old and the youngest
was 29 years old. 70% of the patients were women, 30% men. 60% of the implants were inserted in the
mandible and 40 in the maxilla. The approach towards the affected implants was determined by the scale
proposed by James and modified by Misch.
Results and discussions: Periimplantitis was determined in 90% of the patients and implant
fracture in 10%. Periimplantis in the pre-prosthetic stage has been noticed in 35% of the patients. In the
post-prosthetic stage in 65% of the patients. In 95% of periimplantitis, dental implants were used in
partial edentations and only 5% in total edentations. From all the inserted implants, Alpha-Bio Tec
implants were involved in 45% of the complications, Dentium implants were involved in 20% of cases,
10% blade implants, one stage implants in 25%. The average value of the defects is 4,86 mm, the highest
defect is 7,51 mm and the lowest 1,79 mm. From the total of 45 teeth, 22 were extracted, which is 48,8%.
The study has shown that pre-prosthetic and post-prosthetic complications have different etiology and
the incidence is determined by the type of the used implants, upper or lower jaw localization, partial or
total edentation. According to the obtained information, the following methods of prophylaxy are
proposed: thorough pre-prosthetic preparation, minimal intra-operatory trauma and using external and
internal cooling systems, avoiding over-lifting the flap, careful tissue management, minimal mechanical
and thermic bone trauma, performing X-ray, total removal of the fixing cement, occlusal integration of
the prosthesis.
Conclusions: Implementation of prophylactic measures and an interdisciplinary approach of the
patients are necessary in order to prevent implantological complication
