The inert polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) induces a "bundling" phenomenon
in F-actin solutions when its concentration exceeds a critical onset value C_o.
Over a limited range of PEG molecular weight and ionic strength, C_o can be
expressed as a function of these two variables. The process is reversible, but
hysteresis is also observed in the dissolution of the bundles, with ionic
strength having a large influence. Additional actin filaments are able to join
previously formed bundles. Little, if any, polymer is associated with the
bundle structure.
Continuum estimates of the Asakura-Oosawa depletion force, Coulomb repulsion,
and van der Waals potential are combined for a partial explanation of the
bundling effect and hysteresis. Conjectures are presented concerning the
apparent limit in bundle size