C. Beggan

E. Laird

E.M. McSorley

J.J. Todd

L. Beggan

L.K. Pourshahidi

M. Healy

M.B.E. Livingstone

P.J. Magee

R.R. Weir

S.M. Madigan

English

Crossref

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society

Lower cathelicidin concentrations in Irish athletes compared to controls: a role for vitamin D?

Todd, J.J.

McSorley, Emeir M.

Pourshahidi, L. Kirsty

Madigan, S.M.

Laird, E.

Weir, R.R.

Healy, M.

Livingstone, M. Barbara E.

Beggan, C.

Beggan, L.

Magee, Pamela

Ulster University's Research Portal

Irish Section Meeting, 21–23 June 2017, What governs what we eat?Lower cathelicidin concentrations in Irish athletes compared to controls:a role for vitamin D?J.J. Todd1, E.M. McSorley1, L.K. Pourshahidi1, S.M. Madigan2, E. Laird3, R.R. Weir1,M. Healy4, M.B.E. Livingstone1, C. Beggan1, L. Beggan1 and P.J. Magee11Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA,2Irish Institute of Sport, Sports Campus Ireland, Abbotstown, Dublin, Republic of Ireland,3School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Republic of Ireland and4Department of Biochemistry, St. James’ Hospital, Dublin, Republic of IrelandDespite strong in vitro evidence supporting pleiotropic actions of vitamin D in the immune system(1), including synthesis of LL-37antimicrobial peptide(2), human studies have yielded inconsistent results. LL-37 has been linked with total 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] concentrations and the number of self-reported upper respiratory tract infection symptoms in endurance athletes(3).This observational study investigated whether LL-37 concentration varied between athletes and a general population controlgroup and also tested if total 25(OH)D was a positive predictor of LL-37 concentration.Overall, 221 stored plasma samples from male and female athletes (n 101) and a healthy control group (n 120) were obtained fromfour previous studies and analysed for LL-37 using an ELISA. Total 25(OH)D concentration was quantiﬁed by LC-MS/MS duringeach original study. Prior to statistical analyses, outliers (n= 24) were removed.Athletes had a signiﬁcantly lower mean LL-37 concentration than controls. In contrast, the athlete group exhibited a higher meantotal 25(OH)D concentration compared to the control group. Total 25(OH)D concentration did not predict LL-37 concentrationoverall (β= 0·073, P= 0·386), or in either group after adjusting for age, sex, BMI and season of sampling (athletes β=−0·033,P = 0·762; controls β= 0·145, P= 0·197). These ﬁndings question the purported link between vitamin D and LL-37 in vivo.Although signiﬁcantly lower LL-37 concentrations were observed in athletes compared to controls, the clinical implications of thisdisparity require further investigation.This study was funded by the Department of Employment and Learning, Northern Ireland and Translational Research Group:Diabetes, Endocrinology & Nutrition, HSC Research & Development Division, Public Health Agency, Belfast. Ethical approvalwas obtained from the University of Ulster Research Ethics Committee (REC/08/0044; REC/13/0235; REC/14/0087) or from theOfﬁce of Research Ethics Committees Northern Ireland (13/NI/0091) and the study was conducted according to the guidelineslaid down in the Declaration of Helsinki.1. Baeke F, Etten EV, Overbergh L et al. (2007) Nutr Res Rev 20, 106–118.2. Vandamme D, Landuyt B, Luyten W et al. (2012) Cell Immunol 280, 22–35.3. He C, Handzlik M, Fraser WD et al. (2013) Exerc Immunol Rev 19, 86–101.Athletes (n 96)Healthy controls(n 101)Measure Mean SD Mean SDAge, years 21a 3 24 5Height, cm 170b 10 173 9Weight, kg 67·50a 12·59 75·17 13·21BMI, kg/m2 23·27a 2·57 25·16 4·38Total 25(OH)D, nmol/L 59·26a 30·11 35·87 18·93PTH, pg/mL 39·24 17·10 41·37 18·19LL-37, ng/mL 29·93b 18·89 43·76 26·63BMI, body mass index; 25(OH)D, total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, PTH,parathyroid hormone; LL-37, biologically active cathelicidin antimicrobialpeptide. a P < 0·001, b P < 0·05 versus healthy controls (independent t test).Proceedings of the Nutrition Society (2017), 76 (OCE3), E63 doi:10.1017/S0029665117001367ProceedingsoftheNutritionSocietyhttps://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665117001367Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 31.52.102.16, on 28 Jul 2019 at 14:28:48, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms.

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Lower cathelicidin concentrations in Irish athletes compared to controls: a role for vitamin D?

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