Syphilis is a systemic disease, an infectious disease produced by a bacterium called
Treponema pallidum, of predominantly sexual transmission, commonly found in the deprived
population due to constant exposure to situations that increase their vulnerability to sexually
transmitted infections. This study investigated cases of syphilis in custodial detainees in
Cacoal-RO, in the years 2016 and 2017. It is a retrospective documentary study of a basic
nature, with a quantitative approach, carried out in February and March 2018, through the
analysis of 486 records of prisoners in prison. Of the sample analyzed, 35 cases of syphilis
were identified, all of which were treated where 28 (80%) concluded treatment in the prison
unit and the remainder was transferred after the second dose but with the guarantee of
continuity of treatment. The male gender predominated in 71% of the medical records, mean
age of 30 years, 42.85% of brown skin color, 91% with single marital status and 85% with
incomplete elementary school. Of the cases diagnosed, the results indicated that 86% were not
aware of syphilis and 74% practiced sexual activity without the use of condoms. The study
indicates the need for public managers and health professionals to develop effective strategies
for the prevention of syphilis in prisons
