Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of smallholder supply chains on sustainable
sourcing to answer the question how food and agribusiness multinationals can best include smallholders in
their sourcing strategies and take social responsibility for large-scale sustainable and more equitable supply.
A sustainable smallholder sourcing model with a list of critical success factors (CSFs) has been applied on two
best-practise cases. In this model, business and corporate social responsibility perspectives are integrated.
Design/methodology/approach – The primary data of the value chain analyses of the two smallholder
supply chains of a food and agribusiness multinational have been applied. Both cases were of a join research
program commissioned by the multinational and a non-governmental organization using the same methods
and research tools. Similarities, differences and interference between the cases have been determined and
assessed in order to confirm, fine tune or adjust the CSFs.
Findings – Both cases could be conceptualized through the smallholder sourcing model. Most CSFs could be
found in both cases, but differences were also found, which led to fine tuning of some CSFs: building of a
partnership and effective producers organization, providing farm financing and the use of cross-functional
teams in smallholder supplier development programs. It was also concluded that the smallholder sourcing
model is applicable in different geographical areas.
Research limitations/implications – The findings of this study are based on just two cases. More
best-practise cases are recommended in order to confirm or to adjust the developed sourcing model and the CSFs.
Originality/value – This paper/research fills the need in sustainable supply chain management literature to
study supply chains that comply with the triple bottom line concept, rather than supply chains that are just
more “green.”
Keywords Small- to medium-sized enterprises, Food products, Supply chain management,
Developing countries, Business development, Food industry, Commodity markets
Paper type Research pap