Taila kalpana has widely used dosage form described in Ayurvedic formulations for both external and internal use. Taila murchana is the first step of Taila preparation. Murchana has been adopted for enhancing the potency of oil and to remove the bad odour and Amadosa. In classics Tailas like Tilataila (sesame), Eranda (Castor) taila, Katu (Mustard) Taila needs Murchanaas preliminary process of Taila paaka. It has been mentioned in detail for the first time in Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Fat/Water soluble active principles of drugs are extracted into medicated oil in this method. Taila with Murchana are having more therapeutic potency and shelf life than crude Taila. The process of Murchana has high significance in today's scenario of globalization and the urge for better therapeutic efficacy. Hence the process of Murchana must be strictly included as the prerequisites of any medicated oil preparations. In this article an attempt has been done to review concepts regarding Taila murchana in literature of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics

Akshata, Swamy

Doddamani, M.S

Gowda, Shankar

English

International Journal of Research in AYUSH and Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJRAPS)

ISSN: 2456-9909 (Online)   International Journal of Research in AYUSH and Pharmaceutical Sciences   Website: http://ijraps.in  82     Review Article     A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW ON TAILA MURCHANA  Swamy Akshata1*, Shankar Gowda2, M.S.Doddamani3  *1Second year PG scholar, 2Guide and HOD, 3HOD, PG Dept. of RS & BK, Taranath Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Ballari, Karnataka, India.  ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received: July 7, 2017 Accepted: July 27 2017  Keywords: Murchana, Tila, Taila murchana, Eranda taila murchana, Katu taila murchana.    ABSTRACT  Taila kalpana has widely used dosage form described in Ayurvedic formulations for both external and internal use. Taila murchana is the first step of Taila preparation. Murchana has been adopted for enhancing the potency of oil and to remove the bad odour and Amadosa. In classics Tailas like Tilataila (sesame), Eranda (Castor) taila, Katu (Mustard) Taila needs Murchanaas preliminary process of Taila paaka. It has been mentioned in detail for the first time in Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Fat/Water soluble active principles of drugs are extracted into medicated oil in this method. Taila with Murchana are having more therapeutic potency and shelf life than crude Taila. The process of Murchana has high significance in today's scenario of globalization and the urge for better therapeutic efficacy. Hence the process of Murchana must be strictly included as the prerequisites of any medicated oil preparations. In this article an attempt has been done to review concepts regarding Taila murchana in literature of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics. INTRODUCTIONTaila The branch Bhaishajya kalpana contributes to aid the physician to utilize the Bhaishajya in various forms to cure the disease. Taila[1] alleviates Vata and does not aggravate Kapha it strengthens body. it is beneficial for skin, it is Ushna and it cleanses genital passage. It incorporates the qualities of the drugs added to it without losing its own qualities[2]. So it is sure that the fat soluble active principles of the drugs added to Taila can be easily extracted into the Taila. In Sneha Kalpana both water soluble and fat soluble active principles of the individual ingredients can be extracted. This process ensures absorption of active therapeutic properties of the ingredients used. Murchana Murchana is the first step towards any Sneha paka process main aim to remove Durgandha, Amadosha and Changes colour of Sneha, Increases potency of the individual Sneha (Taila or Ghrita)[3]. After Sneha murchana it will acquire the following qualities Good odour, Potency of Sneha is enhanced so that it can imbibe more active principles from the drug with which it is processed, Sneha will take up the active principles present in Murchana dravyas also. There are only 3 Tailas according to classics which are mentioned under Taila Murchana process but all Taila has to under goes Taila Murchana as preliminary process. Literature review No evidences or description of Murchana are found is Vedas and Bruhatrayee. Earliest it has been mentioned in Chakradutta Ratnaprabha by Nishchala-kara commentary but not in detail. Bhashajya Ratnavali has described in detail Murchana as a prerequisite for all Sneha preparations. Another references are also found in commentary of Sharangadhara Samhitha by Kashirams Gudarthadipika[4], Bruhat yoga tarangini[5], Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnakar[6], Navaparibhasa Pradeep[7] also mentioned the process and importance of Sneha Murchana. Method of preparation of Taila Murchana[8] Taila is heated until it gets froth free and allowed for self cool. Later mentioned Murchana drugs are added to Taila and Paaka is done till it get free from moisture.      IJRAPS, 2017:1(1):82-85     IJRAPS | July 2017 | Vol 1 | Issue 1  83 Process of Tila Taila Murchana[8,9] Ingredients S.No Drug Latin name Part used Quantity 1 Manjishta Rubia Cordifolia Stem 1/16 2 Haridra Curcuma longa Rhizome 1/64 3 Musta Cyprus rotendus Rhizome 1/64 4 Lodhra Symplocus racemosa Stem bark 1/64 5 Nalika Cinnamom tamala Stem bark 1/64 6 Amalaki Euphoria officinalis Pericarp 1/64 7 Haritaki Terminalia chebula Pericarp 1/64 8 Vibhitaki Terminalia belerica Pericarp 1/64 9 Nalika Cinnamum tamala Stem bark 1/64 10 Suchipushpa Pandanus Tectorus Root 1/64 11 Vata Ficus bengalensis Rhizopods 1/64 12 Taila Sesamum indicum Seed oil 1 part 13 Water   Equal to Taila Procedure[5] Heat the plain Tila taila till it become free from froth. Add 4 part of water along with powder of 1-11 drugs. Boil it on moderate heat till the Taila became free from water. Filter it and use for the preparation of other medicated oils.  Ingredients Sl.No Drug Latin name Part used Quantity 1 Amra Mangifera indica Tender leaves 1/32 part 2 Jambu Eugenia jambolena Tender leaves 1/32 part 3 Kapitha Limonia acidissima Tender leaves 1/32 part 4 Bijapura Citrus medica Tender leaves 1/32 part 5 Bilwa Aegelo mermelosa Tender leaves 1/32 part 6 Tila taila Sesamum indicum Seed oil  1 Prasta 7 Water   1 Prasta Procedure: Heat the plain Tila taila till it become free from froth. Add 1 Prasta of water along with powder of above said drugs. Boil it on moderate heat till the Taila became free from water. Filter it and use for the preparation of other medicated oils.  Process of Eranda taila murchana[10] Ingredients Sl.No Drug  Latin name Part used Quantity 1 Manjishta Rubia cordifolia Stem 2 sana 2 Musta Cyprus rotendus Rhizome 2 sana 3 Shunthi Gingiber officinalis Rhizome 2 sana 4 Dhanyaka Coriandrum sativum Fruit 2 sana 5 Amalaki Euphorbia officinalis Pericarp 2 sana 6 Haritaki Terminalia chebula Pericarp 2 sana 7 Vibhitaki Terminalia bellerica Pericarp 2 sana 8 Kharjur Pheonix sylvestris Fruit 2 sana 9 Vatankura Ficus bengelensis Rhizopodes 2 sana 10 Haridra Curcuma longa Rhizome 2 sana 11 Daruharidra Berberis arista Extract 2 sana Swamy Akshata et al. A Conceptual Review on Taila Murchana   Website: http://ijraps.in  84 12 Nalika Cinnamum tamala Leaves 2 sana 13 Ketaki Pandanus tectorus Root 2 sana 14 Dadhi   QS 15 Kanji   QS 16 Eranda taila Ricinus communis  1 prasta Procedure: Heat the Eranda taila till it become free from froth. Add Dadhi and Kanji along with powder of 1-13 drugs. Boil it on moderate heat till the Taila became free from water. Filter it and use for the preparation of other medicated oils.  Process of Sarshapa taila murchana[11] Ingredients Sl.No Drug Latin name  Part used Quantity 1 Amalaki Euphorbia officinalis Pericarp 2 Karsha 2 Haridra Curcuma longa Rhizome  2 Karsha 3 Musta Cyprus rotendus Rhizome 2 Karsha 4 Bilva Aegel marmelose Fruit 2 Karsha 5 Dadima Punica granatum Fruit 2 Karsha 6 Nagakeshara Mesua Ferra Stamens 2 Karsha 7 Krishna jeeraka Veronia anthelmentica Fruit 2 Karsha 8 Ushira Vettivera zizynoidis Whole plant 2 Karsha 9 Nalika Cinnamomum zeylanicum Bark 2 Karsha 10 Vibhitaki Terminalia chebula Pericarp 2 Karsha 11 Manjishta Rubia cordifolia stem 2 Pala 12 Sarshapa taila Brassica compestris Seed oil 1 Prasta 13 Water   1 Adhaka Procedure Heat the Katu taila (Sarshapa) till it become free from froth. Add 1 Aadhaka of water along with powder of 1-11drugs. Boil it on moderate heat till the Taila became free from water. Filter it and use for the preparation of other medicated oils.  DISCUSSION Taila murchana is preliminary treatment for the fixed oils (Tilataila, Eranda taila, Katu taila etc) with some specific medicinal plants which is said to overcome bad odour, impart good colour like Arunavarna and fragrance. The process of Murchana is essential and should be followed compulsorily to avoid any bad effects of Taila which may happen to interact with Snehas leading to less therapeutic efficacy. The ingredients used for Murchana has its own therapeutic activity. The Murchana dravyas enhances the shelf life of the finished medicated oil. Apart from refining of the Sneha, the Murchana Dravya may contribute for the better therapeutic effect of the formulation. Even though the word Ama in the context to Taila is not clearly defined, probably the water content existing in oil or the factor which inhibit the absorption (internal and external) of oil can be correlated. Due to the antioxidant property of Murchana the chemical stability of the oils are suppose to been enhanced. CONCLUSION From the review, it can be concluded that Sneha murchana is preliminary essential procedure. The herbal drug employed in the Murchana may acts as antioxidant thereby enhancing the chemical stability of oils. The Murchana dravyas itself has high therapeutic significance hence it can be concluded that this will ultimately contribute to better therapeutic efficacy of the medicated oil than oil prepared without Murchana. The process of Murchana has high significance in today's scenario of globalization and the urge for better therapeutic efficacy. Hence the process of Murchana must be strictly included as the prerequisites of any medicated oil preparations. REFERENCES  1. Agnivesha. Charaka Samhita. Vidyotini Hindi Commentary by Pt Kashinatha Shastry, Edited by Dr. Gangasahaya Pandeya A.M.S. 8th Edition. Varanasi: Published by Chaukambha Sanskrit Vishwabharati; 2009. Vol-1, sutrasthana, 13th Chapter, verse 15, 258pp. 2. Harita, Haritasamhita, Harihindivyakhyasahita, Edited by Pt.Hariharprasad Tripathi, 1stedition, Varanasi: Published by Chaukhambha Sanskrit series office;2005.4th chapter, verse 13, 84pp. 3. Kaviraj Shri Govindadassen, Bhaishajya Ratnavali. edited with Siddiprada Hindi commentary, by Prof. Siddhinandan Mishra, Varanasi, Published by IJRAPS, 2017:1(1):82-85     IJRAPS | July 2017 | Vol 1 | Issue 1  85 Chaukhamba surbharti prakashan; reprint 2015, 5th chapter, 1264 verse, 206pp. 4. Acharya Sharangadhara. Sharangadhara Samhita. Annoted with Deepika Commentary by Dr. Brahmanand Tripathi. Varanasi: Published by Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan; 2013. Madhyamakhanda, 9th Chapter, Gudartha deepikatika. 5. Trimallabhatta, Brihatyogataragini edited by Hanumanthapadhya Shastri, New delhi, Anandamudranalaya, Panchama Taranga, Sara sangrahat, 30pp. 6. Vaidyaraj Shree Nagindas Chaganlaal Shah, Bharat Bhaishajya ratnakara vol-1, New delhi, Reprint 1999, B.Jain publisher (Pvt) Ltd, Akaradi taila prakaram, 63pp. 7. Navabhashapradeepa, by Upendranath Das, Chaukhambha publications, Varanasi. 8. Anonymous-The Ayurvedic Formulary of India, second revised English edition, Govt. of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New delhi, Published by The Controller of Publications Civil Lines Delhi, 2003, Part-1, appendix II, 365pp. 9. Kaviraj Shri Govindadassen, Bhaishajya Ratnavali. edited with Siddiprada Hindi commentary, by Prof. Siddhinandan Mishra, Varanasi, Published by Chaukhamba surbharti prakashan; reprint 2015, 5th chapter, 1268 verse, 206pp. 10. Kaviraj Shri Govindadassen, Bhaishajya Ratnavali. edited with Siddiprada Hindi commentary, by Prof. Siddhinandan Mishra, Varanasi, Published by Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; reprint 2015, 5th chapter, 1271-1272 verse, 207pp. 11. Kaviraj ShriGovindadassen, Bhaishajya Ratnavali. edited with Siddiprada Hindi commentary, by Prof. Siddhinandan Mishra, Varanasi, Published by Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; reprint 2015, 5th chapter, 1269-1270 verse, 207pp.     Cite this article as:  Swamy Akshata, Shankar gowda, M.S.Doddamani. A Conceptual Review on Taila Murchana. International Journal of Research in AYUSH and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017;1(1):82-85. Source of support: Nil, Conflict of interest: None Declared  *Address for correspondence Dr Swamy Akshata Second year PG scholar,  PG  Dept. of  RS & BK, Taranath Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Ballari, Karnataka, India.  Mob: 8748974745  Email: akshataswami44@gmail.com 

A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW ON TAILA MURCHANA

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A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW ON TAILA MURCHANA

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