PRAC and VM are partially supported by the Brazilian research agencies CNPq. PRAC received financial support from Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE) Proj. No. APQ-0464-1.05/15. FFF is supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Proj. No. 2013/18942-2. WH received funding from Cancer Research UK (No. TBYG1P5R) and the Max Planck Society. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Armstrong

Chakraborty

Chave

Chesson

Clark

Collins

Connell

DeAngelis

Descamps-Julien

Dugdale

Dutta

Falster

Fernández

Fitzpatrick

Gause

Gokhale

Grover

Hansen

Hardin

Harpole

Hofbauer

Holt

Huang

Hubbell

Huertas

Huisman

Hutchinson

Johnson

Kenitz

Leibold

Levin

León

Lotka

López-Rodas

MacLean

Monod

Park

Petersen

Powell

Revilla

Rynearson

Schippers

Schoener

Segura

Shoresh

Sommer

Strobeck

Tilman

Traulsen

Tubay

Vincent

Volterra

Wedin

Weeks

Weynberg

PeerJ

English

PubMed

The maintenance of species diversity is a central focus in ecology. It is not rare to observe more species than the number of limiting resources, especially in plankton communities. However, such high species diversity is hard to achieve in theory under the competitive exclusion principles, known as the plankton paradox. Previous studies often focus on the coexistence of predefined species and ignore the fact that species can evolve. We model multi-resource competitions using evolutionary games, where the number of species fluctuates under extinction and the appearance of new species. The interspecific and intraspecific competitions are captured by a dynamical payoff matrix, which has a size of the number of species. The competition strength (payoff entries) is obtained from comparing the capability of species in consuming resources, which can change over time. This allows for the robust coexistence of a large number of species, providing a possible solution to the plankton paradox

Huang, W.

de Campos, A.

Roberto, P.

Moraes de Oliveira, V.

Fagundes Ferrreira, F.

MPG.PuRe

A resource-based game theoretical approach for the paradox of the plankton

Huang, W

de Araujo Campos, PR

de Oliveira, VM

Ferrreira, FF

Queen Mary Research Online

Weini Huang

Paulo Roberto de Araujo Campos

Viviane Moraes de Oliveira

Fernando Fagundes Ferrreira

Directory of Open Access Journals

The maintenance of species diversity is a central focus in ecology. It is not rare to observe more species than the number of limiting resources, especially in plankton communities. However, such high species diversity is hard to achieve in theory under the competitive exclusion principles, known as the plankton paradox. Previous studies often focus on the coexistence of predefined species and ignore the fact that species can evolve. We model multi-resource competitions using evolutionary games, where the number of species fluctuates under extinction and the appearance of new species. The interspecific and intraspecific competitions are captured by a dynamical payoff matrix, which has a size of the number of species. The competition strength (payoff entries) is obtained from comparing the capability of species in consuming resources, which can change over time. This allows for the robust coexistence of a large number of species, providing a possible solution to the plankton paradox.</jats:p

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A resource-based game theoretical approach for the paradox of the plankton

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MPG.PuRe

Queen Mary Research Online

Directory of Open Access Journals

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MPG.PuRe