Nickell, Cecil D.

Powers, William L.

Stone, Loyd R.

Kansas State University

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 0 Issue 12 Keeping up with Research Article 73 1975 Irrigating Soybeans With Limited Water Loyd R. Stone William L. Powers Cecil D. Nickell This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 1975 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. Contents of this publication may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. All other rights reserved. Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr Recommended Citation Stone, Loyd R.; Powers, William L.; and Nickell, Cecil D. (1975) "Irrigating Soybeans With Limited Water," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 0: Iss. 12. https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7310 Irrigating Soybeans With Limited Water Keywords Keeping up with research; 16 (Mar. 1975); Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station contribution; no. 1490; Irrigation; Soybeans; Limited water; Yield; Lodging Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This research report is available in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr/vol0/iss12/73 MARCH Irrigating Soybean-s With Limited Water Loyd R. Stone, Soil Physicist William l. Powers, Soil Physicist Cecil 0. Nickell, Soybean Geneticist During the past three years we have evaluated soybean yields and lodging as influenced by irrigation amount and time. The results should help irrigators who want to use less water be-cause of limited water supp-ly, limited pumping capacity, limited time, increased cost ot fuel for pumping, or other reasons. The study was on the Ashland Research Farm, approximately 8 miles southwest of Manhattan. The soil is a Muir silt loam developed from river sediments. Perti-nent information on the soybean field plots is listed in Table 1. In early June each year, avail-able water stored in the 5-foot soil profile ex-ceeded l 0 inches. Tables 2 and 3 present soybean yield and lodging data for 1972 and 1973, respectively. The treatments consisted of an irrigation at vege-tative, flowering , or podding stage when each of three predetermined soil-moisture depletion levels (percent of available water depleted) was reached. Then each plot was irrigated (unti l soy-beans matured) when its soil-moisture depletion AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Kansas Stale University, Manhattan Floyd W. Smi1h, Director This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.level was reached. A no-irrigation control was included. Table 4 presents soybean yield and lodging for 1974. Treatments consisted of no irrigation; one 4-inch irrigation at either beginning bloom, beginning pod development, or beginning bean development; and three 4-inch irrigations, o_ne at each of the three growth stages me ntioned . Figure 1 presents the 30-year average rainfa ll pattern and ra infa ll received during the three study years. The 3 years of data indicate that full-season irrigation does not increase soybean yields, but Table 1.-lnformation on experimental soybean field plots, Ashland Research Farm. 1972 Planting date ........ ............... . May 18 Variety ............. .. ................ . Calland Population (plants/ acre) ...... l 09,000 Row width (inches) ............. . 24 Plot size, ft ........................... 16 x 42 Inches of available water 1973 May 14 Calland 105,000 30 1974 May 13 Williams 144,500 30 25 X 42 25 X 40 in 5-ft. profile on date (8 Jun) (18 Jun) (12 Jun) listed ........................... . ...... 10.7 11.8 11 .6 Physiological maturity reached .......... .................. .. Sept. 8 Sept. 10 Sept. 14 increases lodging over soybeans irrigated only during pod formation and filling (bean develop-ment). Limited in-season irrigation is most prac-tical in soils w ith large wate r-holding capacity and nothing to restrict extensive root develop-ment; and if a moderate to large amount of soil water is stored before planting. Table 2 .-Soybean yield and lodging as influ-enced by irrigation in 1972. lru tment Growth stage at Soil-moisture Irrigation• Yield fint irrigation {%) (inches) Lodg_ing*"' (bu/•cro) Vegetative .......... 20 21.7 3.3 55.9 40 19.3 2.8 52.8 60 14.2 2.3 56. 1 Flowering .......... 20 20.5 3.1 53.3 40 17.5 2.3 49.3 60 14.8 2.0 58.1 Podding ..... .......... 20 12.4 2.3 57.5 40 12.3 1.9 56.8 60 11.8 1.9 55.9 No irrigation .......... 0 .0 1.3 45.8 LSD 0.05 0.6 7.3 • Wafer applied each time soil moisture was depleted to ind icated per .. centage first irrigation. *• Lodging score from 1 to 5; 1 = all plants standing erectly, S = no p lants standing erectly. Figure 1.-Thirty-year rainfall pattern and rainfall received during the three study years. c WEEKLY RAINFALL (INCHES) BE(>. BLOOM BEG. OF POD DEVELOPMENT BEG. OF BEAN This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.Table 3.-Soybean y ield and lodging as influ-enced by irrigation in 1973. Treatment Growth stilge at Soil-mobture Irrigation• Yield fint irrigation depletion (%) (inches) Lodgjng** (bu/acro) Vegetative 40 16.0 3.2 49.0 55 9.8 3.0 49.2 65 5.2 1.8 49.2 Flowering ·········· 40 13.3 3.0 49.6 55 10.4 3.1 50.2 65 5.2 2.4 52.0 Podding 40 7.7 1.8 '48.8 55 5.2 1.9 50.7 65 5.2 1.8 52.0 No irrigation .......... 0.0 1.4 40.6 LSD 0.05 .... ......... ... 0.7 4.3 "' WiJter applied each time soil moisture was deple1ed to indicated per-centage after first irrigation. ** lodging from 1 to 5J 1 = all plants standing ere ctly, 5 = no phmts standing erectly. 1 Table 4 .-Soybean yield and lodging as influ-enced by irrigation in 197 4. Time of irrigation Beginn ing b loom ...................... .. Beginning pod development .... .. Beginning bean development .. .. Beginning bloom, beginning pod development, and beginning bean development ......... .......... . No irrigation ............. ....... ......... . LSD 0.05 ....................... ... ............ .. Irrigation (inches) 4.0 4.0 4.0 12.0 0.0 l odging* 1.4 1.2 1.2 2.2 1.0 0.5 Yield (bu/ocre) 38.0 38.7 42.9 39.5 35.6 4.5 • l odging from 1 to 5; t = all p lants standing e rectly, 5 = no plants standing erectly. Information in this report is for farmers, producers, colleagues, industry cooperators, and other interested persons. It is intended to help in irrigation management, not to be an irrigation guide. It is not a recommendation but represents three years' research at one location. Contribution no. 158, Kansas Water ·Resources Research Institute, Manhattan. The U. S. Department o f Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology provided partial support . Contribution no. 1493, Agronomy Department, Evapotranspi ration Laboratory, Kansas Agricultura l Experi-ment Stat ion, Manhattan, Kansas 66506. Publications and publ ic meetings by the Kansas Agri-w ltural Experiment Station are available and open to the pu bl ic regardless of race, color, nat ional origin, sex, or religion. This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.

Irrigating Soybeans With Limited Water (1975)

https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7310&amp;context=kaesrr

Irrigating Soybeans With Limited Water (1975)

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Kansas State University