Research outputs produced through repeated cross sectional entomological surveys in rural Tanzania for the purpose of evaluating the compbined impact of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) and Indoor Residual Spraying on malaria transmission, in comparison to sole use of LLIN. Information collected includes: total mosquitoes collected inside the household, details of house structure (type of wall and roof, presence of open eaves, ceiling and window screens), presence of livestock, whether the house was sprayed, as well as bed net ownership and usage. Information on Anopheles species and sporozoite rates is also provided

Protopopoff, Natacha

Name not available

 Combined use of IRS and LLIN for malaria reduction in rural Tanzania: A cross sectional entomological survey dataset 
  
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The combined use of Indoor Residual Spraying 
and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets for malaria 
reduction in endemic rural Tanzania: 
A cross sectional entomological survey dataset 
DOI 
10.17037/DATA.14 
Data Creators 
Natacha Protopopoff 
Data Description 
Research outputs produced through repeated cross sectional entomological surveys in rural Tanzania for the purpose 
of evaluating the compbined impact of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) and Indoor Residual Spraying on malaria 
transmission, in comparison to sole use of LLIN. Information collected includes: total mosquitoes collected inside the 
household, details of house structure (type of wall and roof, presence of open eaves, ceiling and window screens), 
presence of livestock, whether the house was sprayed, as well as bed net ownership and usage. Information on 
Anopheles species and sporozoite rates is also provided. 
Research objectives 
Muleba in Tanzania is an area that was holoendemic for Plasmodium falciparum malaria prior to the application of 
indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). Between 2007 and 2010, Research Triangle Institute (RTI) conducted a pyrethroid spray 
round every 12 months; which contribute significantly to malaria prevalence reduction in the area. The aim of the 
study was to determine whether it is necessary to continue performing IRS once malaria transmission has been 
reduced or whether following the scaling-up of LLINs the IRS can be withdrawn and low transmission rates can be 
maintained equally well with LLINs alone. 
Data Collection Methods 
Data collection took place within a two-arm cluster-randomised intervention trial. A series of 19 monthly 
entomological cross sectional surveys (seven in the baseline and twelve in the intervention year) were undertaken in 
20 randomly selected clusters in each arm. From April 2011, mosquito density was monitored using CDC light traps 
during one night on a monthly basis in eight randomly selected houses from each cluster. After obtaining informed 
consent from the family, a light trap was installed at the foot of a bed occupied by a family member sleeping under a 
treated or untreated bed net. Information was collected on house structure (type of wall and roof, presence of open 
eaves, ceiling and window screens), presence of livestock inside or outside the house, whether the house was sprayed, 
and bed net ownership and usage. Houses were randomly sub-sampled from the list of houses that had been sampled 
for the preceding cross-sectional household survey. Mosquito collections were identified to species using a simplified 
morphological key adapted from Gillies and Coetzee, and subsequently tested by ELISA for detection of Plasmodium 
falciparum circumsporozoite protein (Pf-CSP). A sub-sample of An.gambiae s.l. was tested using Real time PCR Taq 
Man assay to distinguish between the two sibling species An.gambiae s.s. and An.arabiensis. 
The quality and coverage of IRS was investigated using the carbamate Insecticide Quantification Kit in the intervention 
year (IQKTM [Innovative Vector Control Consortium, www.ivcc.com]). Wall scrapings of prescribed area were taken 
from the living rooms and bedrooms of 368 households in April 2012 and 490 household in June 2012, respectively 
 Combined use of IRS and LLIN for malaria reduction in rural Tanzania: A cross sectional entomological survey dataset 
  
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four months after the first spraying and one month after the second spraying. The concentration of bendiocarb residue 
on the wall was assessed by a colorimetric assay which reacts to the presence of insecticide. 
Household data were collected using Pendragon Forms (Pendragon Corporation Software, Libertyville, USA) on 
Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) and analysed using STATATM (STATAcorp, Texas, USA, version 11.2). Mosquito data 
were collected on paper form, and double-entered into a Microsoft Access database. 
Data Analysis and Preparation 
An identifier for each houses was created which include round, cluster and household identification number to 
uniquely identify each house round collection. Each variable have been checked for range, value and missing data 
and cleaned. Outside range or value were re-coded as missing value. String variables were transformed in numerical 
variables and coded. Mosquito level data were aggregated at household level and merged to the household 
databases.  Minimum and maximum latitude, longitude and altitude ranges for each village were created.  
The Entomological Inoculation Rate per month was calculated as the product of sporozoite rate and An.gambiae s.l. 
collected in the light trap for each house for each month. Baseline vector density was categorised, into low density 
clusters, mean An.gambiae s.l. <=1 per household per night, and high density clusters mean An.gambiae s.l. >1 per 
household per night, to investigate interactions. Anopheles and Culex density ratios and EIR incidence rate ratios 
between the intervention and control arms were estimated using negative binomial regression adjusting for baseline 
low and high Anopheles density.  Logistic regression was used to estimate sporozoite odds ratios. Standard errors 
were adjusted to allow for within cluster correlation of responses using robust standard errors (svy command in 
STATA). 
Geographic regions 
Kagera Region, Tanzania 
Key dates 
Data collection took place between January 2011 - December 2013. 
Quality Controls 
Paper forms have numbered and coded items to ensure straightforward and accurate data entry and processing. 
Quality control on paper forms and PDA was done by checking for missing data and completeness and internal 
consistency of responses. Electronic questionnaire had built in checks for missing data, implausible responses and 
internal consistency. 
All quantitative data collected on paper forms were double-entered into a Microsoft Access database independently 
by two data clerks. Validation to resolve any discrepancies in the data was performed by data manager. 
Species: 
Human population, mosquitoes 
Privacy: 
GPS co-ordinates of each household have been removed and replaced with village co-ordinates ranges. 
Ethics 
The trial was approved by the ethics review committees of the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, the National 
Institute for Medical Research Tanzania and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (application no. 
5814). The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number NCT01697852).  
Keywords 
Anopheles, Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets, LLIN, Indoor Residual Spraying, IRS, malaria, cluster-randomised 
intervention trial 
 Combined use of IRS and LLIN for malaria reduction in rural Tanzania: A cross sectional entomological survey dataset 
  
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Language of written material 
English 
Project Title 
The combined use of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) for malaria reduction in 
endemic rural Tanzania  
Funder/Sponsor 
 President Malaria Initiative (PMI) 
 US AID 
Grant Number 
 ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01697852 
 Grant Number: ITDCVP54 
Associated Roles 
Role Forename Surname Faculty / Dept Institution 
Data Creator and 
Project manager, 
Researcher 
Natacha Protopopoff Faculty of Infectious and 
Tropical Diseases / Dept of 
Disease Control 
London School of Hygiene & 
Tropical Medicine 
Project Leader, 
Researcher 
Mark Rowland Faculty of Infectious and 
Tropical Diseases / Dept of 
Disease Control 
London School of Hygiene & 
Tropical Medicine 
Project member, 
Researcher 
Immo Kleinschmidt Faculty of Infectious and 
Tropical Diseases / Dept of 
Disease Control 
London School of Hygiene & 
Tropical Medicine 
Project member, 
Researcher 
F.W. Mosha  Kilimanjaro Christian 
Medical Centre, Moshi, 
Tanzania 
Project member, 
Researcher 
W.N. Kisinza  National Institute for 
Medical Research, Amani 
Medical Research Centre, 
Muheza 
 
Additional Information 
See ‘Muleba_study_documentation.pdf’ for additional information on the study. 
  
 Combined use of IRS and LLIN for malaria reduction in rural Tanzania: A cross sectional entomological survey dataset 
  
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File Description 
Title Filename File type Description 
Household 
baseline dataset 
HH_Muleba_entomo_baseline_2013.csv Comma 
Separated 
Values 
Results of baseline survey. Contains 2313 
records and 70 variables. 
Household  post 
intervention 
dataset 
HH_Muleba_entomo_post_2013.csv Comma 
Separated 
Values 
Results of post intervention survey. 
Contains 4192 records and 71 variables. 
Mosquito 
baseline dataset 
Mosquito_Muleba_entomo_baseline_2
013.csv 
Comma 
Separated 
Values 
Mosquito information collected in 
baseline survey. Contains 5862 records 
and 14 variables. 
Mosquito post 
intervention 
dataset 
Mosquito_Muleba_entomo_post_2013.
csv 
Comma 
Separated 
Values 
Mosquito information collected in post 
intervention survey. Contains 4054 
records and 14 variables. 
Dataset 
documentation 
Dataset_documentation.pdf Adobe 
PDF/A 
Documentation for the 4 CSV files 
Household 
baseline 
codebook 
HH_Muleba 
_entomo_baseline_2013_codebook.txt 
ASCII Text Codebook for the baseline survey results 
Household  post 
intervention 
codebook 
HH_Muleba 
_entomo_post_2013_codebook.txt 
ASCII Text Codebook for the post intervention 
survey results 
Mosquito 
baseline 
codebook 
Mosquito_Muleba 
_entomo_baseline_2013_codebook.txt 
ASCII Text Codebook for the baseline survey 
mosquito information 
Mosquito post 
intervention 
codebook 
Mosquito_Muleba 
_entomo_post_2013_codebook.txt 
ASCII Text Codebook for the post intervention 
survey mosquito information 
Capsule Beem 
Form 
Mosquito_Muleba_storage_form.pdf Adobe PDF 
1.4 
Storage form used in the study 
Mosquito 
trapping 
informed 
consent 
agreement 
Muleba_entomo_consent_form.pdf Adobe PDF 
1.4 
Informed consent form used in the study 
Malaria 
Prevention Trial: 
Muleba 
Entomology 
Questionnaire 
Muleba_HH_questionnaire.pdf Adobe PDF 
1.4 
Questionnaire used for data collection in 
the study 
Study 
documentation 
Muleba_study_documentation.pdf Adobe PDF 
1.4 
A description of the study context 
 


The combined use of Indoor Residual Spraying and Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets for malaria reduction in endemic rural Tanzania:\ud
A cross sectional entomological survey dataset

LSHTM Data Compass

FORM: Capsule Beem Form  Study site:…………………………………………   Collection round:………………………………………… Collection: Light trap   Capsule no. Species (GA, FU, Others, Un) Collection hours Cluster no House no.  Abdominal status (UF, F, SG, G) Date dd mm yy Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L         Mu-L          Page…. of…. 