Editorial of the special issue on Millimetre-Wave Antennas and Systems for the Future 5

Abbasi, Qammer Hussain

Abdul Matin, Mohammad

Chattha, Hassan Tariq

Khan, Imdad

Rahman, Atiqur

Ur-Rehman, Masood

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

English

Matin, Mohammad Abdul

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EditorialMillimetre-Wave Antennas and Systems for the Future 5GMasood Ur-Rehman,1 Qammer Hussain Abbasi,2,3 Atiqur Rahman,4Imdad Khan,5 Hassan Tariq Chattha,5 andMohammad Abdul Matin61Centre for Wireless Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK2Texas A &M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar3School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK4Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh5Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University in Madinah, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia6Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Institute Teknologi Brunei, Gadong, Brunei DarussalamCorrespondence should be addressed to Masood Ur-Rehman; masood.urrehman@beds.ac.ukReceived 4 April 2017; Accepted 5 April 2017; Published 10 April 2017Copyright © 2017 Masood Ur-Rehman et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.1. Introduction5G is the next technological marvel enabling ubiquitousportable systems for the realization of Internet of Things(IoT). Millimeter-wave frequency range is a prestandard-ization favorite for the portable 5G applications. Highperforming millimeter-wave devices require efficient low-profile antennas to ensure reliable and interference-freecommunications. Requirements for increased power, largerbandwidth, higher gain, and insensitivity to the human userpresence further complicate the antenna and propagationaspects. Enhanced techniques for multiplexing, interferencemitigation, scheduling, and radio resource allocation workalongside the antenna design to realize efficient millimeter-wave systems delivering seamless and optimal performance.Being a newly developed area, simulation techniques alsoneed to be revisited to ensure high level of accuracy ofmillimeter-wave antennas and systems. It solicits novel ideasand innovative solutions for the antenna design and systemdevelopment.This special issue is intended to reflect current researchtrends and novel approaches to address the issues ofantenna design and propagation for 5G enabled millimeter-wave applications. Particular emphasis has been put inthe antenna design and measurement methods, MIMOantenna systems, and beamforming techniques; solutions foradvanced millimeter-wave operational scenarios includingdevice-to-device communications, multiplexing, spectrumcognition, and interference mitigation have also receivedparticular emphasis.2. ContributionsThe special issue consists of 7 contributions covering a varietyof antenna design and MIMO techniques.In “Multiband Split-Ring Resonator Based PlanarInverted-F Antenna for 5G Applications” by M. K. Ishfaqet al., the authors present design and realization of a novelmultiband antenna for 5G applications. The antenna iscomposed of a PIFA, an inverted-L parasitic element,a rectangular shaped parasitic element, and a split-ringresonator etched on the top plate of the PIFA. The antennacovers three frequency bands at 6GHz (5–7GHz), 10GHz(9–10.8GHz), and 15GHz (14-15GHz), each with morethan 1GHz impedance bandwidth. It exhibits peak gains of3.4 dBi, 4.9 dBi, and 5.85 dBi, respectively, at the three bands.In “Millimeter-Wave Microstrip Antenna Array Designand an Adaptive Algorithm for Future 5G Wireless Com-munication Systems” by C.-N. Hu et al., the authors presenta high gain millimeter-wave Low-Temperature CofiredCeramic microstrip antenna array having a compact, simple,and low-profile structure. Significant level of interferencemitigation is achieved by incorporating minimum meansquare error adaptive algorithm with the proposed antenna.HindawiInternational Journal of Antennas and PropagationVolume 2017, Article ID 6135601, 2 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2017/61356012 International Journal of Antennas and PropagationThe simulated antenna performance is validated throughmeasurements and demonstrates a return loss of ≥15 and apeak gain of ≥6.5 dBi at 37.5–39GHz frequency band.In “Enhanced Next Generation Millimeter-Wave Multi-carrier System with Generalized Frequency Division Mul-tiplexing” by H. Shimodaira et al., the authors discuss anew Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing frameto comply it with IEEE 802.11ad standard and extend theintercarrier interference reduction technique to be usedfor the wireless systems using this standard. The proposedmethod exhibits good Peak-to-Average Power Ratio andthroughput performance simultaneously while reducing thecomputational costs by 83%. This method is applicable toother mmWave standards in IEEE 802.11ay and 5GmmWavecellular networks as well.In “Pilot Contamination Mitigation via a Novel Time-Shift Pilot Scheme in Large-Scale Multicell Multiuser MIMOSystems” by Z. Luo et al., the authors propose a novel time-shift pilot scheme with asymptotic channel orthogonalityto mitigate the pilot contamination in Large-Scale MulticellMultiuser MIMO systems. The proposed method considersthe users within a cell to transmit the same pilot sequencein a time-shift manner enabling channel state informationto be estimated without contamination. For different cells,pilot sequences are considered to be mutually orthogonal.Analysis of channel coefficient estimation, uplink data detec-tion, and downlink data transmission steps shows that theproposed method alleviates the pilot contamination problemand improves the performance of the system significantlycompared with the popular orthogonal pilots.In “Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage” by H. Jung and I.-H. Lee,the authors analyse the impact of blockage of the LoS onthe direct and indirect device-to-device (D2D) communica-tions in millimeter-wave cellular networks. The connectivityperformance in terms of the probability to achieve a fullyconnected network and average number of reliably connecteddevices is evaluated. It is observed that both connectivityperformance metrics decrease with an increase in networksize and the blockage.The authors recommenduse of a hybridof direct and indirect communication to improve the twoparameters by 35% based on simulation results.In “Joint User Scheduling andMU-MIMOHybrid Beam-forming Algorithm for mmWave FDMA Massive MIMOSystem” by J. Jiang and D. Kong, the authors propose a jointuser scheduling and multiuser hybrid beamforming algo-rithm for downlink massive MIMO Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (OFDMA) system. The users withidentical optimal beams form an OFDMA user group andmultiplex the entire frequency resource. The base stationthen allocates the frequency resources to each member ofthe group. Each of the user groups is regarded as a virtualuser enabling support of arbitrary MU-MIMO user selectionand beamforming algorithms. In the proposed technique,the analog beamforming vectors employ the best beam ofeach selected MU-MIMO user and the digital beamformingalgorithm is solved byweightMMSE to acquire themaximumgain and mitigate interuser inference.In “A Novel Simulator of Nonstationary RandomMIMOChannels in Rayleigh Fading Scenarios” by Q. Zhu et al.,the authors propose a new model for simulations of non-stationary MIMO Rayleigh fading channels in time-variantscattering environments. The simulator is based on thesum-of-sinusoids method to achieve low complexity andimplementation simplicity. In order to reproduce realistictime varying statistics for dynamic channels, an efficientmethod to update frequency parameters is also proposed.Comparative analysis with theoretical models indicates thatthe proposed method generates channel statistics with goodlevel of accuracy.These papers provide a good overview of current researchand development activities going on in the selected areas ofmillimeter-wave systems. The editors hope that this specialissue will benefit the scientific community and contribute tothe knowledge base.AcknowledgmentsThe editors would like to take this opportunity to applaud thecontribution of the authors to this special issue. Efforts of thereviewers to enhance the quality of the manuscripts are alsomuch appreciated.Masood Ur-RehmanQammer Hussain AbbasiAtiqur RahmanImdad KhanHassan Tariq ChatthaMohammad Abdul Matin???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????RoboticsJournal ofHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Active and Passive  Electronic ComponentsControl Scienceand EngineeringJournal ofHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014International Journal ofRotatingMachineryHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Journal of???????????Volume 201?Submit your manuscripts athttps://www.hindawi.comVLSI DesignHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 201?Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Shock and VibrationHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Civil EngineeringAdvances inAcoustics and VibrationAdvances inHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Electrical and Computer EngineeringJournal ofAdvances inOptoElectronicsHindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.comVolume 2014The Scientific World JournalHindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014SensorsJournal ofHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Modelling & Simulation in EngineeringHindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of  Antennas andPropagationInternational Journal ofHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014Navigation and  ObservationInternational Journal ofHindawi Publishing Corporationhttp://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014DistributedSensor NetworksInternational Journal of

Millimetre-wave antennas and systems for the future 5G

University of Bedfordshire Repository

Editorial Millimetre-wave Antennas and Systems for the Future 5G  Masood Ur-Rehman,1 Qammer Hussain Abbasi,2 Atiqur Rahman,3 Imdad Khan,4 Hassan T. Chattha,4 and Mohammad Abdul Matin 5  1 Centre for Wireless Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK  2 Texas A & M University at Qatar 3 Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh  4 Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  5 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Institute Teknologi Brunei, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam   Correspondence should be addressed to Masood Ur-Rehman; masood.urrehman@beds.ac.uk   1. Introduction  5G is the next technological marvel enabling ubiquitous portable systems for the realization of Internet of Things (IoT). Millimeter-wave frequency range is a pre-standardization favorite for the portable 5G applications. High performing millimeter-wave devices require efficient low profile antennas to ensure reliable and interference-free communications. Requirements for increased power, larger bandwidth, higher gain and insensitivity to the human user presence further complicate the antenna and propagation aspects. Enhanced techniques for multiplexing, interference mitigation, scheduling and radio resource allocation works alongside the antenna design to realize efficient millimeter wave systems delivering seamless and optimal performance. Being a newly developed area, simulation techniques also need to be re-visited to ensure high level of accuracy of millimeter-wave antennas and systems. It solicits novel ideas and innovative solutions for the antenna design and system development. This special issue is intended to reflect current research trends and novel approaches to address the issues of antenna design and propagation for 5G enabled millimeter-wave applications. Particular emphasis has been put in the antenna design and measurement methods, MIMO antenna systems and beamforming techniques, solutions for advanced millimeter-wave operational scenarios including device-to-device communications, multiplexing, spectrum cognition and interference mitigation has also receive particular emphasis.  2. Contributions  Thee special issue consists of 7 contributions covering a variety of antenna design and MIMO techniques. In “Multiband Split-Ring Resonator Based Planar Inverted-F Antenna for 5G Applications” by Muhammad Kamran Ishfaq, Tharek Abd Rahman, Hassan Tariq Chattha and Masood Ur Rehman, the authors present design and realization of a novel multiband antenna for 5G applications. The antenna is composed of a PIFA, an inverted-L parasitic element, a rectangular shaped parasitic element, and a split-ring resonator etched on the top plate of the PIFA. The antenna covers three frequency bands at 6 GHz (5–7 GHz), 10 GHz (9–10.8 GHz), and 15 GHz (14-15 GHz), each with more than 1 GHz impedance bandwidth. It exhibits peak gains of 3.4 dBi, 4.9 dBi, and 5.85 dBi, respectively at the three bands. In “Millimeter-Wave Microstrip Antenna Array Design and an Adaptive Algorithm for Future 5G Wireless Communication Systems” by Cheng-Nan Hu, Dau-Chyrh Chang, Chung-Hang Yu, Tsai-Wen Hsaio, and Der-Phone Lin, the authors present a high gain millimeter-wave Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic microstrip antenna array having a compact, simple, and low-profile structure. Significant level of interference mitigation is achieved by incorporating minimum mean square error adaptive algorithm with the proposed antenna. The simulated antenna performance is validated through measurements and demonstrate a return loss of ≥15 and a peak gain of ≥6.5 dBi at 37.5-39 GHz frequency band. In “Enhanced Next Generation Millimeter-Wave Multicarrier System with Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing” by Hidekazu Shimodaira, Joongheon Kim, and Ali S. Sadri, the authors discuss a new Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing frame to comply it with IEEE 802.11ad standard and extend the intercarrier interference reduction technique to be used for the wireless systems using this standard. The proposed method exhibits good Peak-to-Average Power Ratio and throughput performance simultaneously while reducing the computational costs by 83%. This method is applicable to other mmWave standards in IEEE 802.11ay and 5G mmWave cellular networks as well. In “Pilot Contamination Mitigation via a Novel Time-Shift Pilot Scheme in Large-Scale Multicell Multiuser MIMO Systems” by Zhangkai Luo, Huali Wang, and Wanghan Lv, the authors propose a novel time-shift pilot scheme with asymptotic channel orthogonality to mitigate the pilot contamination in Large-Scale Multicell Multiuser MIMO systems. The proposed method considers the users within a cell to transmit the same pilot sequence in a time-shift manner enabling channel state information to be estimated without contamination. For different cells, pilot sequences are considered to be mutually orthogonal. Analysis of channel coefficient estimation, uplink data detection, and downlink data transmission steps show that the proposed method alleviates the pilot contamination problem and improves the performance of the system significantly compared with the popular orthogonal pilots. In “Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage” by Haejoon Jung and In-Ho Lee, the authors analyse the impact of bloacakge of the LoS on the direct and indirect device-to-device (D2D) communications in millimeter-wave cellular networks. The connectivity performance in terms of the probability to achieve a fully connected network  and average number of reliably connected devices is evaluated. It is observed that both connectivity performance metrics decrease with an increase in network size and the blockage. The authors recommend use of a hybrid of direct and indirect communication to improve the two parameters by 35% based on simulation results. In “Joint User Scheduling and MU-MIMO Hybrid Beamforming Algorithm for mmWave FDMA Massive MIMO System” by Jing Jiang and Deting Kong, the authors propose a joint user scheduling and multiuser hybrid beamforming algorithm for downlink massive MIMO Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system. The users with identical optimal beams form an OFDMA user group and multiplex the entire frequency resource. The base station then allocates the frequency resources each member of the group. Each of the user group is regarded as a virtual user enabling support of arbitrary MU-MIMO user selection and beamforming algorithms. In the proposed technique, the analog beamforming vectors employ the best beam of each selected MU-MIMO user and the digital beamforming algorithm is solved by weight MMSE to acquire the maximum gain and mitigate interuser inference.  In “A Novel Simulator of Nonstationary Random MIMO Channels in Rayleigh Fading Scenarios” by Qiuming Zhu, Xinglin Liu, Xuefeng Yin, Xiaomin Chen, and Cuiwei Xue, the authors propose a new model for simulations of nonstationary MIMO Rayleigh fading channels in time-variant scattering environments. The simulator is based on the sum-of-sinusoids method to achieve low complexity and implementation simplicity. In order to reproduce realistic time varying statistics for dynamic channels, an efficient method to update frequency parameters is also proposed. Comparative analysis with theoretical models indicate that the proposed method generates channel statistics with good level of accuracy. These papers provide a good overview of current research and development activities going on in the selected areas of millimeter-wave systems. The editors hope that this special issue will benefit the scientific community and contribute to the knowledge base.   Acknowledgments  The editors would take this opportunity to applaud the contribution of the authors to this special issue. Efforts of the reviewers to enhance the quality of the manuscripts is also much appreciated.   Masood Ur-Rehman Qammer Hussain Abbasi Atiqur Rahman Imdad khan Hassan Tariq Chattha Muhammad Abdul Matin   

Masood Ur-Rehman

Qammer Hussain Abbasi

Atiqur Rahman

Imdad Khan

Hassan Tariq Chattha

Mohammad Abdul Matin

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