Araujo

Barreiro

Coppola

Coughlin

Cunningham

Dominguez

Dore

Feld

Gaudy-Graffin

Genders

Giese

Gower

Grebely

Greiner

Gutiérrez

Hajarizadeh

Hauser

Kanno

Kassanjee

Klimashevskaya

Mangia

Martin

Netski

Parekh

Patel

Pawlotsky

Polanec

Sacks-Davis

Sagnelli

Shepherd

Sulkowski

Thacker

Thomson

Tomkins

Vickerman

Ward

Wiessing

English

Accurate detection of incident hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is required to target and evaluate public health interventions, but acute infection is largely asymptomatic and difficult to detect using traditional methods. Our aim was to evaluate a previously-developed HCV avidity assay to distinguish acute from chronic HCV infection. Plasma samples collected from recent seroconversion subjects in two large Australian cohorts were tested using the avidity assay, and the avidity index (AI) was calculated. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low/high AI were compared via logistic regression. Sensitivity and specificity of the assay for recent infection and the mean duration of recent infection (MDRI) were estimated stratified by HCV genotype. Avidity was assessed in 567 samples (from 215 participants), including 304 with viraemia (defined as =250 IU/ml). An inverse relationship between AI and infection duration was found in viraemic samples only. The adjusted odds of a low AI (&lt;30%) decreased with infection duration (odds ratio [OR] per week of 0.93; 95% CI:0.89-0.97), and were lower for G1 compared with G3 samples (OR=0.14; 95% CI:0.05-0.39). Defining recent infection as &lt;26 weeks, sensitivity (at AI cut-off of 20%) was estimated at 48% (95% CI:39-56%), 36% (95% CI:20-52%), and 65% (95% CI:54-75%) and MDRI was 116, 83, and 152 days for all genotypes, G1, and G3, respectively. Specificity (=52 weeks infection duration, all genotypes) was 96% (95% CI:90-98%). HCV avidity testing has utility for detecting recent HCV infection in patients, and for assessing progress in reaching incidence targets for eliminating transmission, but variation in assay performance across genotype should be recognised

Shepherd, Samantha J.

McDonald, Scott A.

Palmateer, Norah E.

Gunson, Rory N.

Aitken, Celia

Dore, Gregory J.

Goldberg, David J.

Applegate, Tanya L.

Lloyd, Andrew R.

Hajarizadeh, Behzad

Grebely, Jason

Hutchinson, Sharon J.

ResearchOnline@GCU

HCV avidity as a tool for detection of recent HCV infection: sensitivity depends on HCV genotype

Samantha J. Shepherd

Scott A. McDonald

Norah E. Palmateer

Rory N. Gunson

Celia Aitken

Gregory J. Dore

David J. Goldberg

Tanya L. Applegate

Andrew R. Lloyd

Behzad Hajarizadeh

Jason Grebely

Sharon J. Hutchinson

Crossref

Journal of Medical Virology

HCV avidity as a tool for detection of recent HCV infection: Sensitivity depends on HCV genotype

https://researchonline.gcu.ac.uk/files/25263236/HCV_avidity_as_a_tool_for_detection_of_recent_HCV_infection.pdf

HCV avidity as a tool for detection of recent HCV infection: sensitivity depends on HCV genotype

Abstract

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