During an exploratory fishing on the so-called 167 Seamount located east of Isla San Felix and Isla San Ambrosia, Chile, eight specimens of "unusual" squids were fished in 1983. Six specimens among them were subjected to a routine biological inspection ein board the research ship, but two were brought home for identification.

The results of close examination revealed that this squid belongs to the genus Nototodarus Pfeifer, 1912, which has 11ever been known from the East Pacific. The observations on these two specimens are worth reporting. After a search for literatures and comparisons with Nototodarus specimens in hand, we inclined to consider that these specimens are referrable to N. hawaiiensis

(Berry, 1913) by the reason discussed in this report

Kuroiwa, Michinori

Okutani, Takashi

English

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VENUS THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MALACOLOGY Vol. 43 Published by THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1 9 8 4 J'R .M Tokyo ' -lHt VENUS (Jap. Jour. Malac.) Vol. -11. No. 2 (1985): 95-102 =r � - f91tJ�· G Nototodarus � O);j'{r§e§lCfiJifE� : 7 -JJ 1 -JJ N) Cr*&) � i; mr ,rJ • 1H �- 'V· J1! C ilülUJc ilLk"Jt) The First Occurrence of N ototodarus ( Cephalopoda : Ommastrephidae) from oft' Chile, Southeast Pacific (Preliminary Report) Takashi OKUTANI (Tokyo University of Fishel'ies, 4-5-7, Konon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108) and Michinori KUROIWA (Japan Marine Resources Research Center, 3-27, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102) During an exploratory fishing on the so-called 167 Seamount located east of Isla San Felix and Isla San Ambrosia, Chile, eight specimens of "unusual" squids were fished in 1983. Six specimens among them were subjected to a routine biological inspection ein board the research ship, but two were brought home for identification. The results of close examination revealed that this squid belongs to the genus Nototodarus Pfeifer, 1912, which has 11ever been known from the East Pacific. The observations on these two specimens are worth reporting. After a search for literatures and comparisons with Nototodarus specimens in hand, we inclined to consider that these specimens are referrable to N. hawaiiensis (Berry, 1913) by the reason discussed in this report. Material A male and a female specimens preserved in a fairly good condition. They are sampled from 8 specimens fished from the 167 Seamou11t at 25° 39'8, 85°3l'W, at a depth of 243 m, on June 25, 1983 by the R/V lbuki-Maru (Fig. 1). See Table 1 for measurements, counts and indices of these specimens. Results of Observations The general appearance of these specimens is common with those described * Accepted: December 28, 1984Jil,i l,,l> .. 96 VENUS: Vol. 44, No. 2 (1985) Table 1. Measurements and indices on two preserved specimens m1Jtf:(iEiN..VIJ..t$ Male Fe male -----Dorsal mantle length (mm) 221 309 Mantle width index 28.0 26.5 Fin length index 39.3 38. 1 Fin width index 63.3 57.6 Fin angle (both lobes) 102° 100° head width index 24.4 22.9 Right Arm index so. 2+ 42. 3 Arm n index 53.8 49. 1Arm m index 60.6 38.8+ Arm N index 52.0 43.6Left Arm I index 53. 3 45.3Arm n index 49.7 51. 4Arm m index 65. 1 42. 4Arm JV index 54. 7 42.0Right Arm l sucker counts 30+ 39+ Arm II sucker counts 21+ 41Arm ]][ sucker counts 32+ 21Arm IV sucker counts 3 46Left Arm sucker counts 43+ 3rArm lI sucker counts 36+ 47Arm IlI sucker counts 39 29Arm IV sucker counts 36 54Maximum arm sucker index 3. 2 2. 1Right tentacle length index 111. 3 73. lLeft tentacle length index 104. 0 85.4Right club length index 76.9 45. 3+ Left club length index 74.6 60. 1Maximum tentacular sucker index 3. 1 2.8-- ---- -----15'5 20' J 6 7 Sernnount :\( 1.'iAntofagasta 25' SOUTIIEAST PACIFIC OCEAN 30' Islas Juan Fernandez 90 ° 85" 80 ° 75' 70' Fig. 1 The locality (167 Seamount off Chile) for the present specimens. tl!JS:ttl1,� Ari ca II I L E Varpa rai so Okutani • Kuroiwa: The First Occurrencc of Nototodarus from Chile 97 by Pfeffer (1912), Berry (1913, 1918), Dell (1952), Voss (1962), Wormuth (1976) among others. · Only the morphological characters tliat are compared with other species will be extracted in the following lines. The skins in the mantle and head are rather rough Iilrn those described for Nototodarus "nipponicus" by Okutani and Uemura (1973). The roughness seems to attribute to a mucoid covering over epidermis and not to a real sculptures on the skin. Nuchal crests and the ridge boardering the head and neck are very pronounced. The thick funnel retractor creates a pit between its dorsal edge and the adjacent G> '- 09 Figs. 2-8 Nolo/odarus sp. cf. liawaiie11sis from 167 Seamount off ChiL 2. Lateral view of he:tocotylus; 3. Enlarged two 1:etsof papillae; 4. Two suckern on the hectocotylus;5. Chitinou3 ring of left tentacular club ( o);6. Chitinous ring of dactylus; 7. Chitinous ring of thc!Oth sucker of the right Arm m ; 8. Sucker arrange·ment of tentacle club.2. ��/!)ijfüfüil�; 3. �'l'.:i��j)l.;:;k; 4. 5dt/J'iüP}.�;s. ti:Mt/lfii:;k1Nltfll'l'!fü; 6. Mllllii9i::il/l.1P}.!1tJ'.lJ'i't.fü; 7. titt1 3 !J)i!W1012k�Wtlfü; 8. A!kllliiPHi�GJilJo3 ... ~ ·~ 2 - .. B 98 VENUS: Vol. 44, No. 2 (1985) crest. The characters of funnel-mantle locking apparatus and surroundings are common to those of other members of the genus. Arms are all strong. The second arm has strong keel and flattened like the Arm III. The swimming membranes are not developed except fleshy trabeculae connecting with sucker pedicels. The Jargest arm sucker rings have 5-6 strong canine teeth among which the central one is the strongest. The proximal margin has 10 or more blunt teeth or semilunar projections (Fig. 7). The horny rings of distal arm have several strong, conical, long teeth distally and a semilunar, protruded proximal margin. Both Arm IV in male are modified into hectocotylus. The left ventral arm has 5 pairs of fleshy but solid trabeculae of axe-edge shape on the proximal portion. They are followed by 36 normal suckers that are arranged in a double row to the distal tip. The right ventral arm also has 5 pairs of fleshy, solid, axe-edge shaped trabeculae in the proximalmost portion. They are followed by triangular predicels that carries 3 suckers. The appearance of the distal two­thirds of this arm is entirely different from the proximal portion. The distal portion is ornamented by fleshy papillae of three types: (1) The ventral margin of this arm carries crowded fusoid papillae which seem to be gathered three (or two) into "tufts". There may be more than 20 tufts (the exact counts are almost impossible as they become tiny size and indistinct at the distalmost portion). (2) The row of lower but solider papillae erected from the base of each "tuft". They are curved in opposite to the tufty papillae. (3) There is a row of solitary papillae along the ventral margin of this arm. They are not longer than the type (1) but not shorter than the type (2). These papillae unde�lay the above-mentioned papillae (type 2) and crossed with them (Figs. 2-4). Tentacles in male specimens are not in good condition. The best preserved tentacle is the female's left one. The distal portion of the tentacular club (dactylus) has 11 rows of 4 small suckers and some 10 minute suckers on the trip. Manus suckers are arranged obliquely. The apparant rows ( s-L-L-s) are No. 2 3 4 5 6 Table 2. ßiological data on six specimens (not pre served) obtained on board the Ibuki-Marn (June 25, 1983) ��t� *�liltEJIÜ DML Sex (mm) -· ---------6 216 6 200 !il 260 � 280 � 116 � 294 ßody Gonad we;ght weight Maturity (g) (g)------- -- ---375 4 +++ 395 4 +++ 680 65 +++ (copulated) 900 75 +++ (copulated) +++ (copulated) + -- - --Nidame,tal gland weight ( g) ---- ----37 35 Liver weight (g) 9 9 38 50 Stomach contents E'llpty Half (fquid) Full (Equid) Full (squid) Okutani • Kuroiwa: The First Occurrence of Nolotodarus from Chil e 99 nine from distal to proximal. The interpretation on the more proximal suckers will be arbitrary. There are 3 sets of 4 small suckers in a zigzag arrangement followed by a pair of carpal suckers and an odd suckers (3 in total). A tentative trace of their arrangement is shown in Fig. 8. The measurements ancl observation� of 6 additional specimens that were not brought home are shown in Table 2. Discussion Identity of Nototodarus species has not always been weil established. Smith et al. (1981) and Kawakami and Okutani (1981) used the morphology of distal papillae of hectocotylized arm and sucker counts to distinguish two closely-related and partially sympatric species in New Zealand waters. Taking this view, we ex­amined mature males of N. philipp-inensis Voss, 1962 from Tosa Bay, Japan*, and N. hawaiiensis Berry, 1!)12 from Hawaii0 . lt is axiomatic that investigations on more specimens are needed to makea statistical comparison among species. But, either of species are still so scarce in museum collections that only representative specimens were subjected to comparison. The sucker counts of these three specimens are slightly different from each other (Table 3). However, they are far smaller in number than either of New Zealand species (Kawakami and Okutani 1981). lt may safe to say that the difference among them are never so spectacular in comparison to that occurs between N. gouldi and N. sloani in New Zealand waters (Kawakami and Oku­tani 1981). However, somewhat shreded condition of distal portion of arms in Table 3. Comparison of sucker counts and PP[* an�ong three males ofpresent specimen, N. philippinensis, and N. hawaiiensis38�M1Raaat�-S�M$���-Specimen Local ity ----Arm {RightLeft Arm IV tightLeft PPJ'l --------- -Present specimen N. philippinensisOff Chile Tosa Bay, Jai:an 30+ (39+)2) 54 43+ (37+ )2> 52 3 3 36 46 59. 7 66. 6-------·-•--w--N. hawaiiensisOff Hawaii 52 52 6 40 61. 91> PP[: Percentage of d istal papillate portion to the total length of hectocotylizedarm (Right Arm IV ). 2> Female* lt was formerly identified to be N. nipponicus Okutani & Uemura, 1973 but M. Roeleveld(pers. comm.) considers it being conspecific with N. phillippinensis. The examined speci­men was collected by Masahiro Toriyama, from off Mimase, Tosa Bay, Shikoku (300 m) on March 18, 1980. ** Collected by R.E. You_ng, from 23°31' N, 164 °22' W (235-270 fms.), on October 15. 1976. • 100 30 45 VENUS: Vol. 44, No. 2 (1985) .. htu.-cdicnsis PAClF!C () C L .\ � 150° * j 20° Fig. 9 Known range of Nototodarus ,pecies. A star indicates the presentlocality. "ii.\:*j;11C.:,h-Cl'Q Nototodarus ,ffil1)7}:{fi. l.T.Ht,1;:tfH'l:tl�Jilu�. the present material did not permit us to make more precise comparison. lt is not conclusive yet, if the difference in number of suckers on the hectocot.ylus (3 vs 6) is serious criterion. But, it is more likely an individual variability among specimens judging from the condition of New Zealand Nototodarns. Proportion of papiJlated portion of hectocotylus seems to be also very close to each other. The conclusive identification of the present specimens is rather difficult based on such a few specimens which are not always in a very ideal condition. How­ever, it is most likely that this will faJI the variability range of N. hawaiiensis­philippinensis complex. In this case, the name hawaiiensis has a priority if future study will prove that both species are within a geographical cline of a single species stock that is continuous from West to Central and to Southeastern Pacific . .:: :h i -C-, i7!i:*'12 ff &U:" '7 1' H;i./it.P G L/J>?'.il Ght.,:/J,.., t.: Nototodarus },r]'7) 1' 71 IJ,, "'T � -N•G9 ;i1if{Jil67�iJllitJ,C.:,8Jll,1(*$'9Eli�:ht.:. ;:.C1)5-f::ibitlfl�1i,t; C?'Ht:G: 22lmm). l��1m(4: CWl'f� 309 mm) t;::-:> � rJl 1tC1)*,'i!,ll, "'71' 7, 1i..-.) 1 n N. hawaiiensis (Berry, 1913) t;:: M: °{i i/iß.;.l L -C �, Q ti,ti:16/i� ht.:. l11JknCT)fYUlas 11. 1r-tc..:t<iv-H, 11\DllHJJth-C -c· h ?J C1)-C-, fül!l(lilf:1'c-HNl.l•z L l 'C1)-C-, . �, <5-}::fli'fü;t'.M;.?-;11� J.i b;, i:l!:f.li Lt.:.References Berry, S. S. 1913. Some new Hawaii an cephalopods. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 45 ( 1996) : 563-566.Berry, S. S. 1918. Report on the Cephalopoda. Zool. Res. Fish. Exp. "Endeavour" 29: 204-298.Dell, R. K. 1952. The Recent Cephalopoda of New Zealand. Bull. Dom. Mus. Well-ino­ton (16): 1-157. Kawakami, T. and Okutani, T. 1981. A note on identity of ommastrephid squids of the genus Nototodarus e:xploited in the New Zealand waters. Bull. Tokai Reg. Fish. Res. Lab, (105): 17-30. E90 ° 1 20° 1 500 180° a•w • , Okutani • Kuroiwa: The First Occurrence of Nolotodarus from Chile 101 Plate 1. Nototodarus sp. cf. hawaiie11sis from off Chile J. Male (221 mm DML); 2. Hectocotylized arm of the same; 3. Female (309 mm DML)102 VENUS: Vol. 44, No. 2 (1985) Okutani, T. and Uemura, K. 1973. Rare and lnteresting squid from Japan-II. A .new species of the genus Nototodan.ts from Japan (Oegopsida: Ommastrephidae) Ve­nus, Jap. Jour. Malac. 32 (2): 39-47. Pfeifer, G. 1912. Die Cephalopoden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebn. Plankton­Expecl. der J-Jwnboldt-Stif. 2: 1-815. Smith, P. J., Roberts, P. E. and Hurst, R. J. 1981. Evidence for two species of arrow squid in New Zealand fishery. Anst. Mar. & Freshwater Res. 15: 247-253. Voss, G. L. 1962. Six new species and two new subspecies of cephalopods from the Philippine Islands. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 75: 169-176. Wormuth, J. H. 1976. The biogeography and numerical taxonomy of the Oegopsid squid family Ommastrephidae in the Pacific Ocean. Bull. Scripps Inst. Ocean. 23: 1-90. " ,, ' .

The first occurrence of Nototodarus (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) from off Chile, Southeast Pacific (Preliminary Report)

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The first occurrence of Nototodarus (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) from off Chile, Southeast Pacific (Preliminary Report)

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