Exeler, Nina

Quambusch, Anja

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The use of toxic reference chemicals in solitary bee larval bioassays

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

Hazards of pesticides to bees - 14th international symposium of the ICP-PR Bee protection group, October 23 – 25 2019, Bern (Switzerland) Abstracts: Poster 108  Julius-Kühn-Archiv, 465, 2020 Section 4 – Non-Apis bees 4.1.P Interactive effects of the neonicotinoid Thiacloprid and two common fungicides on foraging performance and reproductive success of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis under field conditions Danja Kroder1,2, Matthias Albrecht1, Anina Knauer1 1Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland 2Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland E-Mail: danja.baettig@icloud.com, matthias.albrecht@agroscope.admin.ch, anina.knauer@agroscope.admin.ch DOI 10.5073/jka.2020.465.050 Abstract Bee pollinators are often exposed to pesticide mixtures in intensively managed agricultural landscapes. There is increasing evidence for synergistic sub-lethal effects of different agrochemicals on bees, such as insecticides and fungicides, potentially negatively affecting their orientation, foraging performance or reproduction. However, most of this evidence is based on laboratory studies, while much less is known about potential insecticide-fungicide interactive effects under field conditions, and particularly few is known about how they may impact forging performance and reproductive of solitary bees. We used a combined laboratory-field approach treating the solitary bee species Osmia bicornis with field-realistic doses of the neonicotinoid insecticide thiacloprid (oral feeding), as well as the two fungicides captan and tebuconazole (contact treatment), individually and in combinations, and assessed impacts on foraging performance, orientation and reproductive success of nesting, Osmia under field conditions. We will present the study design and first results. 4.2.P The use of toxic reference chemicals in solitary bee larval bioassays  Anja Quambusch, Nina Exeler Bayer AG, Research & Development, Crop Science, Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany E-Mail: anja.quambusch@bayer.com DOI 10.5073/jka.2020.465.051 Abstract In Europe, North America and Asia, several species of the genus Osmia are successfully reared and managed as pollinators for different crops. Many of these species are active in spring and recognized as important pollinators in orchards.  Therefore, it is important to evaluate the exposure and potential risk of plant protection products not only to honey bees but also to other managed bees. New methodologies are under development to assess acute contact and oral toxicity of plant protection products to adult solitary bees (ICPPR non-Apis working group). One of the remaining challenges is to set-up a standardized study design to assess solitary bee larval development under laboratory conditions to contribute valuable information for a risk assessment. Such a laboratory test method should allow for a conservative, highly controlled, and standardized evaluation of the relationship between a test item dose and the organism response. Based on the first results of a previous experiment, assessing the larval development of Osmia cornuta feeding on different larval diets, we designed an experiment to test the potential effects of different toxic reference chemicals, used in honey bee and bumble bee laboratory bioassays (i.e., dimethoate, fenoxycarb, diflubenzuron), on the development of solitary bee larvae. Toxic reference items are used to demonstrate that the test system and conditions are responsive and reliable. We compared the larval development and mortality of different treatment groups to untreated control groups and give first recommendations for this test design. Future work should address the robustness of endpoints and acceptable validity criteria.    

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The use of toxic reference chemicals in solitary bee larval bioassays

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