Type specimens of Javanese clavarias described by van Overeem — i.e. Clavaria depokensis. Clavaria luteo-tenerrima, Clavaria sanguineo-acuta and Clavulinopsis sulcata — are extant and well preserved in Herbarium Bogoriense. These are reexamined and reassigned to their respective genera and infrageneric complexes

PETERSEN, RONALD H.

REINWARDTIA

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A JOURNAL ON TAX0N0M1C BOTANY,PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGYREINWARDTIAEditorsMIEN A. RIFAIKUSWATA KARTAWINATAN. WULIJARNI-S0ETJ1PT0Published byHERBARIUM BGGORIENSELEMBAGA BIOLOGI NASIONAL —. LIPIBOGOR, INDONESIAReinwardtia Vol. 9, Part 4, 377 — 479 31 March 198010 ISSN 00-34 — S66X414 E E I N W A R D T I A[VOL.6.5—7.5 mm long; stigma 2-lobed; lobes ± 1 mm long, densely woolly.Fruit strongly laterally compressed, transversely oblong-elliptic, 9—10mm wide, 4—5 mm high, 2—3 mm thick, pubescent, strongly nerved,with persistent calyx, lobes, dehiscing by transverse slit on top; seedsnumerous, subglobose, angular, strongly ridged, ± 0.5 mm diam., brown-ish red.This species differs from 0. trichoca/rpos Bl. in bracts being conspi-cuous, linear-lanceolate, up to 4 mm long, persistent; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate up to 5 mm long; anthers longer, up to 3 mm long; style longer,up to 7.5 m long. The presence of dimorphous stamens and heterostylyis unusual in the genus. A review of different floras indicate that thishas not been reported so far in Ophiorrhiza, even though certain othergenera in Rubiaceae exhibit this feature.GREAT NICOBAR ISLAND: 17 km from Campbell Bay to Alexandra River,ca. 75 m. above m.s.l., 21 Aug. 1975, Balakrishnan 3027 A-B (CAL), ibid, 3027 C-F(PBL); ibid. 3027 G-H (L); ibid. 3027 1 (BO).R E I N W A R D T I APublished by Herbarium Bogoriense — LBN, BogorVol. 9, Part 4, pp. 415 — 420 (1980)TYPE STUDIES IN THE CLAVARIOID FUNGI. V.THE TAXA DESCRIBED BY CASPAR VAN OVEREEMRONALD H. PETERSENDepartment of Botany, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA 37916A B S T R A C TiType specimens of Javanese clavarias described by van Overeem —i.e. Clavaria depokensis. Clavaria luteo-tenerrima, Clavaria sanguineo-acutaand Clavulinopsis sulcata — are extant and well preserved in HerbariumBogoriense. These are reexamined and reassigned to their respectivegenera and infrageneric complexes.ABSTRAKSpesimen tipe jenis-jenis Clavariaceae yang dipertelakan van Overeemdari Jawa —• yaitu Clavaria depokensis, Clavaria luteo-tenerrima, Clavariasanguineo-acuta dan Clavulinopsis sulcata — masih ada dan disimpan diHerbarium Bogoriense. Spesimen ini diperiksa kembali dan ditunjukkanmarga dan bagian marga yang layak menampungnya.Although not many, the taxa proposed and illustrated by van Overeem(1923a, b, c) have been important to an understanding of tropical clava-rioid fungal relationships. In the only modern works to deal with thesetaxa (Corner 1950, 1970), they were disposed of equivocally for the typeshad not been examined, although van Overeem's descriptions and plateswere extremely accurate for their day. A recent very brief visit to theHerbarium Bogoriense allowed me to examine the type specimens con-cerned and therefore to assign them accurately to genera and to infra-generic complexes. It is to that end that this paper offered.The following items of reliquiae support these specimens: 1) allspecimens include fruit bodies fixed in liquid and in excellent conditionfor analysis; 2) an empty, accessioned packet usually accompanies thespecimens in liquid, often bearing collection data not included on thefixed specimen; 3) in one instance dried fruit bodies are in a packetseparate from the material in liquid; 4) published illustrations (vanOvereem 1923b, c) of fruit bodies and microscopic characters wereapparently consistently made from type specimens; and 5) the original— 4 1 5 —416 REINWARDTI A[VOL. 9aquarelles of the published illustrations (or close facsimiles, cf. C. luteo-tenerrima) are extant at BO (and a virtually complete transparencyrecord of the clavarioid fungi at TENN). Together, these materialsoffer an excellent opportunity for accurate analysis of the taxa.In almost every instance, the type collection is the sole represen-tative of the taxon, so a breadth of variation cannot be reported. Never-theless, van Overeem's aquarelles were very painstaking and accurate,so a good concept of color and stature may be gained. Although severalof the paintings of fungi were executed by his technician Mr. Hamzah,none of the specimens herein discussed are included in that situation.A rather complete life-sketch of van Overeem (Danser 1927) hasbeen presented, emphasizing his involvement in mycology and especiallyhis belief that in the tropics, descriptions and illustrations had to sub-stitute for herbaria. But he was wrong, for his specimens are in goodcondition.CLAVARIA DEPOKENSIS van OvereemClavaria depokensis van Overeem in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ill, 5: 271. 1923.Clavulinopsis depokensis (van Overeem) Corner in Ann. Bot. Mem. 1: 364. 1950.TYPE (holotype): BP — Java, Nat'l. Monument Depok, iv.22, ± 93 m alt., leg.C. & D. van Overeem-de Haas, "rottende bladeren en takjes," Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor,no. 748.The specimen is fixed in liquid, and an empty packet bears the same collectiondata. The fixed specimen was illustrated by van Overeem (19l23c), and, interestingly,there are no other specimens listed under this name in the accession book at BO.The illustration shows macroscopic characters, of which the basal pad of myceliummust be emphasized. The following microscopic characters may also be furnished.Tramal hyphae 3.5—12 p,m diam, clamped at primary septa, parallel;secondary septa common, unconstricted, without clamp connections;gloeoplerous hyphae absent. Basidia clavate, clamped, refringent underphase contrast; contents golden yellow.Spores 5.3—6.4 x 3.5—4.3 p,m, ellipsoid to somewhat narrowlyovate, smooth, pale yellow under bright field; apiculus up to 2 y.m long,very prominent, conical; contents often uniguttulate.Another packet at BO bears the same accession number, but thecontents include only some leaves with white mycelium. Apparently Corner(1970) examined only this packet, drawing the conclusion that theillustration by van Overeem must serve as an iconotype. The originalaquarelle in reliquiae van Overeem at BO is numbered 129, the secondnumber also on packet no. 748 with sterile white mycelium on leaves.1980] PETERSEN: Van Overeem's clavariod Types 417So in spite of the misnumbering, the illustrated specimen still exists(fixed in liquid), and must serve as the implicit holotype, with theoriginal aquarelle and published illustration as excellent supportingmaterial.The specimen represents a Clavulinopsis, very closely related to C.laeticolor in the general shape of the spores and very prominent apiculus.Van Overeem astutely compared the two, but had no information on thespores of Berkeley's species. Clavulinopsis laeticolor, however, has slightlylarger spores and bright golden orange coloration, not deep orange-red.Moreover, both show a basal pad of mycelium on the fruit body, and soconsistently differ from others of the same complex (C. fusiformis, C.corniculata, etc.), the fruit bodies of which seem to arise below the surfaceof the substrate and then from a minute primordium with rounded base,not an appressed mycelial pad.Van Overeem illustrated amorphous crystalline material, but I foundcopious needle-shaped or very slender awl-shaped crystals. Concommi-tantly, I found only very few measurable spores, so the spore dimensionsabove may be somewhat inaccurate.Corner (1950), while correctly retaining the taxon as discrete inClavulinopsis, indicated his equivocation of placement, and later (Corner1970), concluded that no type existed.CLAVARIA LUTEO-TENERRIMA van OvereemClavaria luteo-tenerrima van Overeem in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ill 5(4):269. 1923. Clavulinopsis luteo-tenerrima (van Overeem) Corner in Ann. Bot. Mem.1: 377. 1950.TYPE (holotype, implicit): BO - Java, Naturschutzgebiet Depok, ± 93 m alt.,iv. 1921, leg. C. & D. van Overeem-de Haas, Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor. no. 747.The specimen is fixed in liquid, and probably is the same as that illustratedby van Overeem (1923c). It is the only specimen matching the necessary datafurnished by van Overeem, and therefore is an implicit holotype.The published illustration is a variation of an original in reliquiae van Overeemat BO. Both show seven fruit bodies in identical postures, but the three left-mostfruit bodies in the publication appear at the far right of the original aquarelle at BO.Nevertheless, the details are identical, so the two are not mirror images producedduring publication. Coloration is very close, but the shading is more extensive andsubtle on the BO aquarelle and not quite so green. The original aquarelle at BOalso shows a figure of tramal tissue, including what I suspect is a gloeopleroushyphal tip.To the macroscopic characters in the illustrations may be added the followingmicroscopic features.418 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 9 1980] PETEKSEN: Van Overeem's clavariod Types 419Tramal hyphae up to 15 pan diam., parallel, clamped; gloeopleroushyphae up to 3.5 sxm diam., abundant, not inflated. Subhymenial tissuevery thick, pseudoparenchymatous through crushing. Basidia clavate,clamped, about 50 ^m long.Spores 5.3—6.7 x 3.9—4.6 pun, ellipsoid to broadly ovate, thin-walled, smooth; contents now aguttulate; apiculus up to 1 ^m long,conical, not prominent.The species belongs in Clavulinopsis, but its closer affinities aresomewhat enigmatic. I think it is most closely related to C. gracillimaand others with elongate spores and apiculus length between the extremesof the genus.Copious crystals are present on the fruit bodies. They are bluntyfusiform and often congregate in cruciform pairs.Fruit bodies are on soil, and arise just below the soil surface, justas others in this complex.Corner (1950) first associated the taxon with strongly-apiculatespored members of Clavulinopsis, but later (Corner 1970) withdrew fromthat position to one less valid by declaring at the same time that C.luteo-tenerrima was (in his view) indistinguishable from C. flavella,but that no type for C. luteo-tenerrima existed at BO. Solution of thesecond misconception would have resolved the first. Clavaria flavella(by examination of its type specimen) belongs in Multiclavula (cf.Petersen 1967b), a very different group of fungi from Clavulinopsis.CLAVARIA SANGUINEO-ACUTA van OvereemClavaria sanguineo-acuta van Overeem in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ill, 5:273. 1923.TYPE (holotype, implicit): BO - Java, Hortus Bogoriensis, vi. 1921, Herb. Hort.Bot. Bogor. no. 488.The specimen is represented by fixed material in liquid, dried fruit bodies ina separate packet, an empty packet with identical collection data, and a publishedillustration of the type fruit bodies (van Overeem 1923c). To the macroscopiccharacters supplied by the illustration, the following microscopic characters maybe added.Tramal hyphae hyaline, clamped, parallel, of two widths: a) 4.5—12\t,va diam., uninflated, thin- to slightly thick-walled (wall up to 0.3 [imthick), and b) 1.5—2.5 jxm diam., uninflated, thin-walled. Basidia34—45 x 6—8 jj.m, clavate, clamped, often with amorphous crystallinematerial within; sterigmata 4, erect, not divergent, up to 7 \>m long.Spores 5.6—-6.7 jmi diam., spherical, smooth, thin-walled; contentsusually amorphous, refringent under phase contrast; apiculus small,papillate. 'As expected, the specimen represents a Clavulinopsis. Van Overeem'sobservations included much of the above data. I find an amorphouscrystalline crust on the hymenium of the fixed material. The fruitbodies in liquid are quite young, the basidia too immature to bearsterigmata or spores, and these details have been furnished from theaccompanying dried fruit bodies.The species was compared by van Overeem to Clavaria cardinalisBoud. & Pat. and a description of the type specimen of that taxon hasalready been offered (Petersen 1967a). The two names seem synonymous.Clavaria phoenicea Zoll. & Mor. was also compared, but I have not seentype or authentic material of that taxon and so I reserve judgement.The name Clavaria sanguineo-acuta was placed in synonymy underClavulinopsis miniata var. sanguinea Corner (1950) with no evidencethat the type had been seen. Later (Corner 1970) the specimen wasreported, but with no description. This synonymy must be questionedfurther, for C. miniata var. sanguinea is yet without a type specimen(although it might be assumed that the name was gained from vanOvereem's taxon). When one has been declared, then final taxonomycan be accomplished.CLAVULINOPSIS SULCATA van OvereemClavulinopsis sulcata van Overeem, in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ill, 5: 279. 1923.TYPE (holotype, implicit): BO - Java, Bogor, Hortus Bogoriensis, on soil,11. 1920, coll. & det. C. van Overeem, Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor. no. 185. Isotype: TENN.The specimen is represented by fixed material in liquid, of which a smallportion is at TENN, an empty packet under the same number with additionalcollection data, and a published illustration of the type fruit bodies (van Overeem1923b). A description of the fixed material was furnished previously (Petersen1967a) and is paraphrased here for completeness.Fruit bodies simple, fasciculate in clusters of 6—8, 1—4 cm X5—7 mm, somewhat compressed laterally, longitudinally channeled orridged, tips bluntly to broadly obtuse, stem portions not markedly atte-nuate, 3—4 mm thick.Tramal hyphae generally parallel, hyaline, thin-walled to slightlythick-walled especially toward the fruit body base, clamped, not inflated,of two different widths; a) 4—7 ,u.m diam., b) 2—3 \>,m diam. Subhymenialhyphae tortuous, 1.5—3 (jun diam., clamped. Basidia 35—65 x 4—7 {jun,hyaline, clamped, elongate-clavate to clavate, 1—4-sterigmate; sterigmataof various lengths and dispositions.Spores 4.5—7.5 pirn diam., globose to subglobose, uniguttulate, smooth,thin-walled; apiculus small, abrupt, papillate.420 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 9As mentioned previously (Petersen 1967a) I agree with Corner(1950) on the synonymy of C. sulcata with Clavaria (Clavulinopsis)miniata, but I can find no evidence that Corner has seen the type ofC. sulcata. In fact (personal communication with Dr. Mien A. Rifai),there is some evidence to the contrary.Corner (1950) pointed out that Clavaria miniata Purton had priorityover C. miniata Berk., and that C. phoenicea Zoll. & Mor. might be thename of choice for "purists." I have not seen type or authentic materialof C. phoenicea and no transfer of that name Clavulinopsis has beenproposed, so I have chosen to retain Clavulinopsis sulcata as both thetaxonomic and nomenclatural type of the genus (cf. Petersen 1967a).The small-apiculate spored members of Clavulinopsis present a bewil-dering reticulum of color characters. I have little faith in the primacyof pigment location (hymenium and subhymenium versus trama andsubhymenium). At the same time, carotene pigments are confusing intheir biochemical expression, as in Cantharellus subg. Leptocantharellus,so I have tried to adhere to Corner's (1950) scheme on taxonomic dis-position of color forms, but with little success (cf. Petersen 1971). Thefault is not in the scheme, but my inability to correctly interpret it.One concept is obvious, however: Clavulinopsis sulcata is the red-orangepole of the complex.LITERATURE CITEDCORNER, E.J.H. (1950). A monograph of Clavaria and allied genera. In Ann. Bot.Mem. 1: 1-740.• . (1970). An addendum to: "A monograph of Clavaria and allied genera." InBeih. Nova Hedwigia 33: 1-299.DANSER, B.H. (1927). In memoriam Caspar van Overeem. In Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz.III, 9: 1-7. [with portrait; a translation in English may be obtainedfrom RHP].OVEREEM, C. VAN (1923a). Ueber Javanische Clavariaceae. In Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz.Ill, 5: 254-280.. (1923b). Clavariaceae. Icones Fung. Malayensium 2: 1-2.. (1923c). Clavariaceae. Icones Fung. Malayensium 3: 1-4.PETERSEN, R.H. (1967). Type studies in the Clavariaceae. In Sydowia 21: 105-122.— . (1967). Notes on clavarioid fungi. VII. Redefinition of the Clavaria vcrnalis-C. wucida complex. In Amer. Midi. Nat. 77: 205-221.. (1968). The genus Clavulinopsis in North America. In Mycologia Mem. 2:1-39.•. (1971). Notes on clavarioid fungi. IX. Addendum to Clavulinopsis in NorthAmerica. In Persoonia G: 219-229.-. (1976). The correct name for the type species of Clavulinopsis. In Taxon25: 515. ' , .KEINWARDTIAPublished by Herbarium Bogoriense — LBN, BogorVol. 9, Part 4, pp. 421 — 424 (1980)AN UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF CALOTHYRIOPSIS ON APPLEA.W. SUBHEDAR & V.G. RAODepartment of Mycology and Plant Pathology, M.A.C.S. Research InstitutePoona-411 004, IndiaABSTRACTThe new species Calothyriopsis mali Subhedar & V.G. Rao (Fam.:Microthyriaceae), collected for the first time on apple fruits from India,is described and illustrated.ABSTRAKJenis baru Calothyriopsis mali Subhedar & V.G. Rao (Microthyria-ceae) yang dikumpulkan pertama kali pada buah apel di India dipertelakandan digambar.During our survey for post-harvest diseases of fruits and vegetables,an unusual blemish disease was observed on several stored fruits ofapple (Mains pumila L.) in the Poona market (India). The infectionwas particularly detected on varieties like 'Maharaja', 'Simla' and tosome extent on 'Golden Delicious', and found to be restricted to thefruit coat only, never reaching deep into the pulp. Critical examinationof these blemish areas revealed the presence of numerous black thyro-thecia of a species of Calothyriopsis (Microthyriaceae) hitherto unreportedon apples'. These fructifications were gregarious, dark, superficial andtypically arranged in concentric rings (Fig. 1). With such severeinfection, the fruits lose their normal glistening light-pink colour, andthus lowering their market value. The infection areas remain firmand do not show any symptoms of decay. No conidial state was foundto be associated with this ascomycetous fungus.As for its diagnosis and identity, a critical search of literaturerevealed no report of any species of Calothyriopsis on apple. Besides,the present fungus was also compared with other species viz. C. conferta(Theiss.) Hohn. and C. roupalae (Syd.) von Arx (Muller & von Arx1962) and found to be quite distinct in its morphology in possessingsmaller thyrothecia, asci and ascospores. Hence, it is described hereas a new species.421 —CONTENTSPageHsu AN KENG. A new interpretation of the compound strobilarstructures of cordaites and conifers , 377SOEJATMI DRANSFIELD. Three new Malesian species of Gramineae 385V. N. NAIK. Coelachne ghatica Naik, sp. nov 393THOMAS J. DELENDICK. The correct name for the Acer of Malesia 395MIEN A. RIFAI. The identity of UstUago amadelpha var. glabHus-cula 399V. N. NAIK & B. W. PATUNKAR. Novelties in Panicum (Poaceae)from India . 403N. P. BALAKRISHNAN. A new species of Ophiorrhiza (Rubiaceae)from Great Nicobar Island, India 411RONALD H. PETERSEN. Type studies in the clavarioid fungi. V.The taxa described by Caspar van Overeem 415A. W. SUBHEBAR & V. G. RAO. An undescribed species of Calothy-riop<sis on apple 421GREGORI G. HAMBALI. A new species of Balanophora from theMalay Peninsula, 425KUSWATA KARTAWINATA. A note on a kerangas (heath) forest atSebulu, East Kalimantan 429RUSDY E. NASUTION & R. N. LESTER. A chemotaxonomic studyof some species of Zingiber subsection Zerumbet 449JOHANIS P. MOGEA. The flabellate-leaved species of Salacca(Palmae) •Printed by AECHIPEL, Bogor, Java

TYPE STUDIES IN THE CLAVARIOID FUNGI. V. THE TAXA DESCRIBED BY CASPAR VAN OVEREEM

ABSTRACTiType specimens of Javanese clavarias described by van Overeem —.e. Clavaria depokensis. Clavaria luteo-tenerrima, Clavaria sanguineo-acutaand Clavulinopsis sulcata — are extant and well preserved in HerbariumBogoriense. These are reexamined and reassigned to their respectivegenera and infrageneric complexes

RONALD H. PETERSEN

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TYPE STUDIES IN THE CLAVARIOID FUNGI. V. THE TAXA DESCRIBED BY CASPAR VAN OVEREEM

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