The presente study describes and ilustrates Cranifera robustum n. sp. (Nematoda, Thelastomathidae), a parasite of Cyclocephala signaticollis larvaes (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cranifera robustum n. sp. ischaracterized by its striated cuticle trough all the body, proeminent near the anterior end, its lack of intestine caecum, itssmall stomach, a long oesophagus, with thin irregular walls in male and regular ones in female, with a round valvatedbasal bulb. Its nerve ring is located in the middle of the oesophagus corpus, and the excretory pore is located at the base ofthe oesophagus, in both sexes. The female presents a not protruding vulva, located right behind the longitudinal middleline of the body, a short vagina, two ovaries didelphic, amphidelphic, and ellipsoidal oviles, short and conical appendagetail. The male presentes one spicule slightly curved, its gubernaculum is absent and its genital papillae is arranged in threepairs: two large ventral preanal pairs and one ventral postanal pair.O presente estudo descreve e ilustra Cranifera robustum sp. n. (Nematoda, Thelastomathidae), parasita de Cyclocephala signaticollis (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cranifera robustum sp. n. caracteriza-se por possuir cutícula estriada ao longo de todo o corpo, sendo mais proeminentemente na extremidade anterior. Seu intestino não possui cego, o estoma é pequeno, o esôfago é grande, com paredes finas e irregulares, no macho, e regulares, na fêmea, com bulbo basal basal arredondado e válvulas. O anel nervoso se econtra no meio do esôfago e o poro excretor, na base do esófago, em ambos os sexos. A fêmea apresenta genitála não protuberante, situada pouco atrás da linha média longotudinal do corpo, vagina curta, dois ovários didélficos, anfidélficos, e óvulos elípticos, apêndice caudal curto e cônico. O macho possui uma espícula levemente curvada, gubernáculo ausente e suas papilas genitais se dispõem em três pares: dois pares pré-anias, ventrais e grandes, e um par pós-anal e ventral.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Achinelly, María Fernanda

Camino, Nora Beatriz

Estudos de Biologia

English

Servicio de Difusión de la Creación Intelectual

Estud Biol. 2012 jan/jun;34(82):57-9aRtIGo oRIGINalISSN 0102-2067Licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons[I]a new species of the genus Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitizing larvae of Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) from argentina[I]Uma nova espécie do gênero Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (Thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitando larvas de Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) da Argentina[A]Nora B. Camino[a], María Fernanda Achinelly[b][R]abstractThe presente study describes and ilustrates Cranifera robustum n. sp. (Nematoda, Thelastomathidae), a parasite of Cyclocephala signaticollis larvaes (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cranifera robustum n. sp. is characterized by its striated cuticle trough all the body, proeminent near the anterior end, its lack of intestine caecum, its small stomach, a long oesophagus, with thin irregular walls in male and regular ones in female, with a round valvated basal bulb. Its nerve ring is located in the middle of the oesophagus corpus, and the excretory pore is located at the base of the oesophagus, in both sexes. The female presents a not protruding vulva, located right behind the longitudinal middle line of the body, a short vagina, two ovaries didelphic, amphidelphic, and ellipsoidal oviles, short and conical appendage tail. The male presentes one spicule slightly curved, its gubernaculum is absent and its genital papillae is arranged in three pairs: two large ventral preanal pairs and one ventral postanal pair.[P]Palavras-chave: Coleoptera. Cranifera robustum n. sp. Nematode. New host. Taxonomy.[B]ResumoO presente estudo descreve e ilustra Cranifera robustum sp. n. (Nematoda, Thelastomathidae), parasita de Cyclocephala sig-naticollis (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cranifera robustum sp. n. caracteriza-se por possuir cutícula estriada ao longo de todo o corpo, sendo mais proeminentemente na extremidade anterior. Seu intestino não possui cego, o estoma é pequeno, o esôfago é grande, com paredes finas e irregulares, no macho, e regulares, na fêmea, com bulbo basal basal arredondado e válvulas. O anel nervoso se econtra no meio do esôfago e o poro excretor, na base do esófago, em ambos os sexos. A fêmea apresenta genitála não protuberante, situada pouco atrás da linha média longotudinal do corpo, vagina curta, dois ovários didélficos, anfidélficos, e óvulos elípticos, apêndice caudal curto e cônico. O macho possui uma espícula levemente curvada, gubernáculo ausente e suas papilas genitais se dispõem em três pares: dois pares pré-anias, ventrais e grandes, e um par pós-anal e ventral.[K]Keywords: Coleoptera. Cranifera robustum sp. n. Nematoda. Novo hospedeiro. Taxonomia.[a] Researcher (CIC), PhD in Natural Science, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Center for Parasitological and Vectors Studies (CEPAVE), La Plata, Argentina, e-mail: norabcamino@yahoo.com.ar [b] Researcher (CONICET), PhD in Natural Science, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Center for Parasitological and Vectors Studies (CEPAVE), La Plata, Argentina. Received: 10/26/2010Recebido: 26/10/2010Approved: 02/14/2010Aprovado: 14/02/2010Estud Biol. 2012 jan/jun;34(82):57-9Camino NB, Achinelly MF.58IntroductionThe study of nematodes of coleoptera of the family Scarabaeidae revealed the presence of the genus of Thelastomatidae, Cranifera Kloss, 1960, without a gut diverticulum, with a cephalic annule sep–arating the second one by a deep constriction. Two species were described: C. cranifera (1) Kloss, 1960, parasite of cockroach in USA and Europe, and C. chitwoodi Kloss, 1966, parasitizing Blattodea in South America, Brazil. In this paper, we described a new species, Cranifera robustum n. sp., parasite of Cyclocephala signaticollis larvae (Burmeister) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Also, this is the first report of these genus for Argentina, wich reveals a new host for it.Materials and methodsLarvae of Cyclocephala signaticollis (Burmeister) (n = 20) found in Lincoln (34º 52´ S, 61º 33´ W, to the West of the province of Buenos Aires), were collected by hand and then put in individual vials. In the labo-ratory, we used the Poinar (2) techniques. First of all, we put the insects to sleep, at 5 ºC, during 10 minu-tes, and then they were dissected in Petri dishes, with distilled water under microscope stereoscope. The ne-matodes were found in the intestine of the insects and then killed in distilled water, at 60 ºC, during 2 minu-tes. Posteriorly, they were put in a solution of distilled water + TAF during 48 hours (1:1); finally, we finished the fix in pure TAF. Living and fixed specimens were employed for drawing and measurements using a lu-cida microscope camera and a micrometer, in a Zeiss compound microscope. Measurements were for the holotype male and allotype female, and the minimun and maximum of paratypes are in parenthesis.ResultsCranifera robustum n. sp.(Figure 1, A-F)Description: Cuticle striated more prominent around the anterior end, about 152 µm long. The first ring is bigger than the others and contains the pair of amphids. The anterior end of the female is conical, but the male one has a cylindrical form. Mouth sur-rounded by eigth submedian labiopapillae. Lateral amphids small, pore-like. Stoma small with thin walls. Oesophagus long, thin with irregular walls in male and regular ones in female, with a basal bulb rounded and valvated in both sexes (Figure 1, A, B). The nerve ring is situated in the middle of the oeso-phagus corp, in both sexes, and the excretory pore is at the base of the oesophagus. Intestine without cae-cum. Vulva not protruding, behind longitudinal midd-le line of the body, and short vagina short (Figure 1, C). Two ovaries didelphic, amphidelphic. Ellipsoidal ovules, smooth shell without bissy. The female tail is short and conical (Figure 1, F); the male has one spi-cule slightly curved (Figure 1, D). Three pairs of geni-tal papillae, two of them being large ventral preanal, and the other one, ventral postanal (Figure 1, E). The male tail is short and conical. Male (n = 8): Total length: 860 µm (790-932); la-biopapillae diameter: 12 µm (10.56-13.12); oesopha-gus length: 168 µm (140-178.16); distance from ante-rior end to excretory pore: 160µm (141.56-173.74); greatest width: 60 µm (57.43-76.57); spicule length: 40 µm (36-42); tail length: 12 µm (10.3-12.22).Female (n = 25): Total length: 5,725 µm (5,419.9 ± 2,833.76); labiopapillae diameter: 32 µm (40.78 ± 21.33); oesophagus length: 496 µm (540.75 ± 81.6); distance from anterior end to excretory pore: 476 µm (440.9 - 612.61); greatest width: 364 µm (277 - 509); vagina length: 58 µm (33.42 - 89.12); vagina width: 48 µm (34.56 - 65.34); V: 62% (56.56 - 66.12); length and width of ovules: 84 µm (75.74 - 86.12) x 54 µm (46.34 - 56.74).Host type: Cyclocephala signaticollis (Burmeister) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).Type area: Lincoln (34º 52' S, 61º 33' W), Buenos Aires, Argentina.Material type: deposited in the Helmintologica collection, n. 4846, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. Site of infection: Intestine, midgut.DiscussionCranifera robustum n. sp. is compared with the three species of the genus C. cranifera (1) Kloss, 1960, from USA and Germany, C. chitwoodi (3), from Brazil, and C. mexicana (4) Coy and García, 1995, from Mexico and Cuba (5), all of them cockroaches parasites. C. cra-nifera can be distinguished by having the male short Estud Biol. 2012 jan/jun;34(82):57-9A new species of the genus Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (Thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitizing larvae of Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) from Argentina 59two of them being large ventral preanal pairs and the other one being a ventral postanal pair.  References1. Chitwood BG. A synopsis of the nematodes parasitic in insects of the family Blattidae. Z. Parasitenkunde. 1932;5:14-50.2. Poinar GO Jr. Entomogenous nematodes. A Manual and Host List of Insect-Nematode Association. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975. 3. Kloss GR. Revisáo dos nematoides de Blattaria do Brasil. Papel Avulsos. 1966;18:147-88.4. Coy A, García N. Nuevas especies de nemátodos pará-sitos de insectos mexicanos. Avacient. 1995;12:10-5.5. García, N, Coy A. Nuevo género, nueva especie y nuevos re-gistros de thelastomátidos (Oxyurida; Thelastomatidae) parásitos de Byrsotria sp. (Dictyoptera; Blaberidae). AviIcennia. 1998;8/9:41-9.6. Biswas PK, Chakravarty GK. The systematic studies of thezooparasitic oxyuroid nematodes. Z. Parasitenkunde. 1963;23(5):411-28.spicule inconspicuous (0.026 mm)(6) , one pair of pre-anal papillae and one pair with a median big postanal papilla, at the base of the tail appendage. The female presents the nerve ring situated at the 1/3 anterior of the oesophagus, the anterior end with two cuticular big rings, long tail, thin and filiform. Cranifera chitwoodi is characterized by having a small spicule slightly visible, one pair of preanal pa-pillae, a big single papilla and a small pair of postanal papillae at the base of the tail appendage. The female has a short diverticulum at the beggining of the intes-tine, ovaries didelphic, prodelphic. C. mexicana male has a slightly smaller chitini-zed spicule and no genital papillae. Both sexes have a long, filiform tail papendage, the anterior end with protruding lips on the first cuticular ring, stomach with wide well sclerotized walls. These characters of the male genitalia distinguish our new species from those previously described. The male is distinguished from Cranifera robustum n. sp by having one spicule slightly curved and three pairs of genital papillae, figure 1 - Cranifera robustum n. sp. A: Anterior end of female,ventral view. B: Anterior end of male, ventral view. C: Vagina and uterus with ovu-les. D: Posterior end of male, lateral view. E: Posterior end of male, ventral view. F: Posterior end of female. Bars = 50 µm.Source: Research data.

Uma nova espécie do gênero Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (Thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitando larvas de Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) da Argentina

SEDICI - Repositorio de la UNLP

Estud Biol. 2012 jan/jun;34(82):57-9
aRtIGo oRIGINal
ISSN 0102-2067
Licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons
[I]
a new species of the genus Cranifera Kloss, 1960 
(thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitizing larvae of 
Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) from argentina
[I]
Uma nova espécie do gênero Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (Thelastomatidae, 
Nematoda) parasitando larvas de Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) da Argentina
[A]
Nora B. Camino[a], María Fernanda Achinelly[b]
[R]
abstract
The presente study describes and ilustrates Cranifera robustum n. sp. (Nematoda, Thelastomathidae), a parasite of 
Cyclocephala signaticollis larvaes (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cranifera robustum n. sp. is 
characterized by its striated cuticle trough all the body, proeminent near the anterior end, its lack of intestine caecum, its 
small stomach, a long oesophagus, with thin irregular walls in male and regular ones in female, with a round valvated 
basal bulb. Its nerve ring is located in the middle of the oesophagus corpus, and the excretory pore is located at the base of 
the oesophagus, in both sexes. The female presents a not protruding vulva, located right behind the longitudinal middle 
line of the body, a short vagina, two ovaries didelphic, amphidelphic, and ellipsoidal oviles, short and conical appendage 
tail. The male presentes one spicule slightly curved, its gubernaculum is absent and its genital papillae is arranged in three 
pairs: two large ventral preanal pairs and one ventral postanal pair.
[P]
Palavras-chave: Coleoptera. Cranifera robustum n. sp. Nematode. New host. Taxonomy.
[B]
Resumo
O presente estudo descreve e ilustra Cranifera robustum sp. n. (Nematoda, Thelastomathidae), parasita de Cyclocephala sig-
naticollis (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cranifera robustum sp. n. caracteriza-se por possuir cutícula 
estriada ao longo de todo o corpo, sendo mais proeminentemente na extremidade anterior. Seu intestino não possui cego, o 
estoma é pequeno, o esôfago é grande, com paredes finas e irregulares, no macho, e regulares, na fêmea, com bulbo basal 
basal arredondado e válvulas. O anel nervoso se econtra no meio do esôfago e o poro excretor, na base do esófago, em ambos 
os sexos. A fêmea apresenta genitála não protuberante, situada pouco atrás da linha média longotudinal do corpo, vagina 
curta, dois ovários didélficos, anfidélficos, e óvulos elípticos, apêndice caudal curto e cônico. O macho possui uma espícula 
levemente curvada, gubernáculo ausente e suas papilas genitais se dispõem em três pares: dois pares pré-anias, ventrais e 
grandes, e um par pós-anal e ventral.
[K]
Keywords: Coleoptera. Cranifera robustum sp. n. Nematoda. Novo hospedeiro. Taxonomia.
[a] Researcher (CIC), PhD in Natural Science, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Center for Parasitological and Vectors Studies (CEPAVE), La Plata, Argentina, e-mail: norabcamino@yahoo.com.ar [b] Researcher (CONICET), PhD in Natural Science, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Center for Parasitological and Vectors Studies (CEPAVE), La Plata, Argentina. 
Received: 10/26/2010
Recebido: 26/10/2010
Approved: 02/14/2010
Aprovado: 14/02/2010
Estud Biol. 2012 jan/jun;34(82):57-9
Camino NB, Achinelly MF.58
IntroductionThe study of nematodes of coleoptera of the family Scarabaeidae revealed the presence of the genus of Thelastomatidae, Cranifera Kloss, 1960, without a gut diverticulum, with a cephalic annule sep–arating the second one by a deep constriction. Two species were described: C. cranifera (1) Kloss, 1960, parasite of cockroach in USA and Europe, and C. chitwoodi Kloss, 1966, parasitizing Blattodea in South America, Brazil. In this paper, we described a new species, Cranifera 
robustum n. sp., parasite of Cyclocephala signaticollis larvae (Burmeister) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Also, 
this is the first report of these genus for Argentina, wich reveals a new host for it.
Materials and methodsLarvae of Cyclocephala signaticollis (Burmeister) 
(n = 20) found in Lincoln (34º 52´ S, 61º 33´ W, to the West of the province of Buenos Aires), were collected by hand and then put in individual vials. In the labo-ratory, we used the Poinar (2) techniques. First of all, we put the insects to sleep, at 5 ºC, during 10 minu-tes, and then they were dissected in Petri dishes, with distilled water under microscope stereoscope. The ne-matodes were found in the intestine of the insects and then killed in distilled water, at 60 ºC, during 2 minu-tes. Posteriorly, they were put in a solution of distilled 
water + TAF during 48 hours (1:1); finally, we finished 
the fix in pure TAF. Living and fixed specimens were employed for drawing and measurements using a lu-cida microscope camera and a micrometer, in a Zeiss compound microscope. Measurements were for the holotype male and allotype female, and the minimun and maximum of paratypes are in parenthesis.
Results
Cranifera robustum n. sp.(Figure 1, A-F)
Description: Cuticle striated more prominent 
around the anterior end, about 152 µm long. The first ring is bigger than the others and contains the pair of amphids. The anterior end of the female is conical, but the male one has a cylindrical form. Mouth sur-rounded by eigth submedian labiopapillae. Lateral 
amphids small, pore-like. Stoma small with thin walls. Oesophagus long, thin with irregular walls in male and regular ones in female, with a basal bulb rounded and valvated in both sexes (Figure 1, A, B). The nerve ring is situated in the middle of the oeso-phagus corp, in both sexes, and the excretory pore is at the base of the oesophagus. Intestine without cae-cum. Vulva not protruding, behind longitudinal midd-le line of the body, and short vagina short (Figure 1, C). Two ovaries didelphic, amphidelphic. Ellipsoidal ovules, smooth shell without bissy. The female tail is short and conical (Figure 1, F); the male has one spi-cule slightly curved (Figure 1, D). Three pairs of geni-tal papillae, two of them being large ventral preanal, and the other one, ventral postanal (Figure 1, E). The male tail is short and conical. 
Male (n = 8): Total length: 860 µm (790-932); la-biopapillae diameter: 12 µm (10.56-13.12); oesopha-gus length: 168 µm (140-178.16); distance from ante-rior end to excretory pore: 160µm (141.56-173.74); greatest width: 60 µm (57.43-76.57); spicule length: 40 µm (36-42); tail length: 12 µm (10.3-12.22).
Female (n = 25): Total length: 5,725 µm (5,419.9 ± 
2,833.76); labiopapillae diameter: 32 µm (40.78 ± 
21.33); oesophagus length: 496 µm (540.75 ± 81.6); distance from anterior end to excretory pore: 476 µm (440.9 - 612.61); greatest width: 364 µm (277 - 509); vagina length: 58 µm (33.42 - 89.12); vagina width: 48 µm (34.56 - 65.34); V: 62% (56.56 - 66.12); length and width of ovules: 84 µm (75.74 - 86.12) x 54 µm (46.34 - 56.74).Host type: Cyclocephala signaticollis (Burmeister) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).Type area: Lincoln (34º 52' S, 61º 33' W), Buenos Aires, Argentina.Material type: deposited in the Helmintologica collection, n. 4846, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. Site of infection: Intestine, midgut.
Discussion
Cranifera robustum n. sp. is compared with the three species of the genus C. cranifera (1) Kloss, 1960, from USA and Germany, C. chitwoodi (3), from Brazil, and C. mexicana (4) Coy and García, 1995, from Mexico and Cuba (5), all of them cockroaches parasites. C. cra-
nifera can be distinguished by having the male short 
Estud Biol. 2012 jan/jun;34(82):57-9
A new species of the genus Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (Thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitizing larvae of Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) from 
Argentina 59
two of them being large ventral preanal pairs and the other one being a ventral postanal pair. 
 
References
1. Chitwood BG. A synopsis of the nematodes parasitic in insects of the family Blattidae. Z. Parasitenkunde. 1932;5:14-50.2. Poinar GO Jr. Entomogenous nematodes. A Manual and Host List of Insect-Nematode Association. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975. 3. Kloss GR. Revisáo dos nematoides de Blattaria do Brasil. Papel Avulsos. 1966;18:147-88.4. Coy A, García N. Nuevas especies de nemátodos pará-sitos de insectos mexicanos. Avacient. 1995;12:10-5.5. García, N, Coy A. Nuevo género, nueva especie y nuevos re-gistros de thelastomátidos (Oxyurida; Thelastomatidae) parásitos de Byrsotria sp. (Dictyoptera; Blaberidae). AviIcennia. 1998;8/9:41-9.6. Biswas PK, Chakravarty GK. The systematic studies of thezooparasitic oxyuroid nematodes. Z. Parasitenkunde. 1963;23(5):411-28.
spicule inconspicuous (0.026 mm)(6) , one pair of pre-anal papillae and one pair with a median big postanal papilla, at the base of the tail appendage. The female presents the nerve ring situated at the 1/3 anterior of the oesophagus, the anterior end with two cuticular 
big rings, long tail, thin and filiform. 
Cranifera chitwoodi is characterized by having a small spicule slightly visible, one pair of preanal pa-pillae, a big single papilla and a small pair of postanal papillae at the base of the tail appendage. The female has a short diverticulum at the beggining of the intes-tine, ovaries didelphic, prodelphic. 
C. mexicana male has a slightly smaller chitini-zed spicule and no genital papillae. Both sexes have 
a long, filiform tail papendage, the anterior end with 
protruding lips on the first cuticular ring, stomach with wide well sclerotized walls. These characters of the male genitalia distinguish our new species from those previously described. The male is distinguished from Cranifera robustum n. sp by having one spicule slightly curved and three pairs of genital papillae, 
figure 1 - Cranifera robustum n. sp. A: Anterior end of 
female,ventral view. B: Anterior end of male, 
ventral view. C: Vagina and uterus with ovu-
les. D: Posterior end of male, lateral view. 
E: Posterior end of male, ventral view. F: 
Posterior end of female. Bars = 50 µm.
Source: Research data.


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Uma nova espécie do gênero Cranifera Kloss, 1960 (Thelastomatidae, Nematoda) parasitando larvas de Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) da Argentina

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