Bo, Myat Su

Theint Hlaing, Zarchi Theint

Thwin, Mya Mya

Unimas Institutional Repository

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336262842Original Article Relationship between Oxidative Stress, Serum Zinc Level andSystemic Arterial Blood Pressure in Smokers and Non-smokersArticle  in  International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · July 2019DOI: 10.5330/ijcep.2019.6.3.27CITATIONS0READS724 authors, including:Zarchi Theint Theint HlaingUniversity of Medicine Myanmar3 PUBLICATIONS   0 CITATIONS   SEE PROFILEAll content following this page was uploaded by Zarchi Theint Theint Hlaing on 04 October 2019.The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.IJCEP 2019; 6(3):100-103www.ijcep.orgInternational Journal of Clinical and Experimental Physiology, Vol 6, Issue 3, Jul-Sep, 2019 100Original ArticleZarchi Theint Theint  Hlaing*, Myat Su Bo,  Mya Mya ThwinDepartment of Physiology, University of Medicine-Magway, Natmauk Road, Magway, Township, Magway Regional Division, MYANMAR.CorrespondenceDr. Zarchi  Theint  Theint  HlaingDepartment of Physiology, University of Medicine-Magway, Natmauk Road, Magway, Township, Magway Regional Division, MYANMAR.Phone: +95943009631Email: zarchi.tth@gmail.comHistory• Submission Date: 18-06-2019;• Review completed: 12-07-2019; • Accepted Date: 25-09-2019.DOI : 10.5330/ijcep.2019.6.3.27Copyright© 2019 Phcog.Net. This is an open- access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.Cite this article: Hlaing ZTT, Bo MS, Thwin MM. Relationship between Oxidative Stress, Serum Zinc Level and Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure in Smokers and Non-smokers. Int J Clin Exp Physiol. 2019;6(3):100-3.ABSTRACTBackground and Aim: Either active or passive smoking causes damage to the heart and blood vessels. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress, serum zinc level and systemic arterial blood pressure in smokers and non-smokers. Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was done. Apparently healthy subjects of age 18-45 years including 40 smokers and 40 non-smokers residing in Magway Township, Myanmar were recruited. Serum zinc level was measured by atomic absorption spectro-photometry method. Serum malondialdehyde level was used as oxidative stress marker and measured by spectrophotometry. Systemic arterial blood pressure was measured by indirect method using mercury sphygmomanometer. Results: Mean serum zinc level of smokers (51.25±7.5 µg/dL) was significantly lower than that of non-smokers (92.91±27.46 µg/dL) (P< 0.001). Mean serum malondialdehyde level of smokers (0.78±0.14 µmol/L) was significantly higher than that of non-smokers (0.24±0.09 µmol/L) (P< 0.001). Mean Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) of non-smokers was 120.95±5.02 mmHg and that of smokers was 126.55±6.14 mmHg (P<0.05). There was significant negative correlation between serum malondialdehyde level and serum zinc level (r = - 0.75, P< 0.001, n=80). There was also significant negative correlation between serum zinc level and SBP (r = - 0.477, p< 0.001, n=80). There was positive correlation between serum malondialdehyde level and SBP (r = 0.487, p< 0.001, n=80). Conclusion: It could be concluded that smoking increases oxidative stress and decreases serum zinc level and these two changes might contribute to increase in blood pressure in smokers.Key words: Serum zinc level, Serum malondialdehyde level, Smoking, Systolic blood pressure, Oxidative stress.Zarchi Theint Theint Hlaing*, Myat Su Bo, Mya Mya ThwinRelationship between Oxidative Stress, Serum Zinc Level and Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure in Smokers and Non-smokersINTRODUCTIONSmoking is one of the lifestyle factors that distress the health of human and have been killing millions of human beings for many centuries.[1] It is one of the major risk factors for the development of athero-sclerosis, coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death.[2] Cigarette smoke contains over 4700 different chemicals. Many of these are oxidants and pro-oxidants that can produce free radicals and enhance the oxidative stress.[3] Malondialdehyde (MDA) is generated from Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and one of the most frequently used indicators of oxidative stress markers.[4] Oxygen free radicals can directly initiate the process of lipid peroxidation that contributes to cardiovas-cular diseases.[5]Cigarette smoke contains reactive peroxyl radicals and acetaldehyde which can increase lipid peroxidation. It can also be connected with the production of free radicals by polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Free oxygen radicals also caused tissues and microvas-cular damage.[6] Oxidative stress promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy and collagen deposition leading to thickening of vascular media and narrowing of vascular lumen.[7]Zinc is a vital element in maintaining normal structure and function of cells and which acts as components of antioxidant enzymes. Zinc is actively involved in protecting the body against oxidative stress.[8] In addition, 30 percent of cellular zinc is found within the nucleus of mammalian cells and playing a role in regulation of gene expression. Zinc-dependent metabolic functions are present in every tissue. Severe zinc deficiency can damage on cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal, central nervous system, immune system, skeletal and reproductive system.[9] In smokers, alterations in the activity of the antioxi-dant enzyme defense system may lead to smoking-induced oxidant stresses.[8] Changes of zinc con-centration in smokers may give rise to some of the long-term negative effects on the body.[10]A combination of raised blood pressure and smoking may have a synergistic impact on cardiovascular functions.[11]

Relationship between oxidative stress, serum zinc level and systemic arterial blood pressure in smokers and non- smokers

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Relationship between oxidative stress, serum zinc level and systemic arterial blood pressure in smokers and non- smokers

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