Coppard, Athlyn R.

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MAURI ORA, 1981, 9: 47-51 ECOLOGY OF ORUAWAIRUA ISLAND MARLBOROUGH SOUNDS, NEW ZEALAND III THE ALGAE *ATHLYN R. COPPARD Department of Botany, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand ABSTRACT The general distribution of the algae on a specified region of the shore of Oruawairua Island is described. A checklist of 30 species is presented. INTRODUCTION Observations and collection of the marine flora of Oruawairua Island, Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand, were made at low tide on 10-11 November, 1978. The predicted height of the low tides was 0.3m (New Zealand tide tables 1978). The' 47 two headlands at the southern end of Orchard Bay (NZMS 1 816 506394) were surveyed in most detail, with additional collections being made along the shore between these headlands and the cottage site (see Fig.l of Conner and Conner 1981, page of this volume. * Present address. c/- Burnside Primary School 96 Memorial Avenue, Christchurch, New Zealand. 48 MAURI ORA, 1981, Vol. 9 The substrate of the shore was mainly sandstone, weathered to varying degrees. Fine gravel covered the shore near the cottage site and the rocks became gradually coarser toward the first headland. This change may be associated with wave direction. The headland reef itself had little gravel, the rocks being weathered with bedding planes forming channels running out towards the sea. The second headland was similar but a larger reef area was emergent at low tide and the channels were deeper. The shore was narrow, ending abruptly at the scrub edge or in steep vegetation-covered bluffs (see Conner et al (1981) ) . GENERAL DISTRIBUTION OF ALGAE Scattered Ul va lobata and Scytothamnus australis were found throughout the intertidal region on the gravel shore. As the gravel became coarser, Porphyra columbina became moderately abundant in the upper intertidal region. The general diversity of the biota appeared to increase with increasing stability of the substrate. The reef of the first headland was dominated by Hormosira banksii, often with Notheia anomola epiphytic on it. Scattered Ulva lobata and scytothamnus australis were still present and Glosso-phora kunthii, Colpomenia sinuosa and Gelidium allanii* were also collected. The second reef was also dominated by Hormosira banksii. Other algae that were collected: - Cystophora torulosa (especially in a deep hollow in the central region of the reef), Codium dimorphum, Codium fragile, Splachnidium rugosum, Colpomenia sinuosa (epiphytic on C. torulosa and S. rugosum), Corallina officinalis, Gelidium longipes*, Ectocarpus irregularis (epiphytic on G. lonipes), Enteromorpha compress a var. australiensis (epiphytic on G. longipes) and Grateloupia doryphora. Some Carpophyllum maschalocarpum was emergent at low tide level. In addition, several crustose algae have been collected but regretably, remain unidentified. Large bands of the brown alga, Carpophyllum maschalocarpum, were seen from the shore. This alga grew subtidally, attached to the bottom and floating to the surface. These plants were often more than a metre long. The fronds were broader near the surface, with a number of epiphytes attached to them. Macrocystis pyrifera also grew subtidally but was not as abundant as C. maschalocarpum. * Indicates uncertainty associated with the given specific name.) COPPARD - ORUAWAIRUA ISLAND - ALGAE vaucheria sessilis was collected from the fresh water stream near the cottage site. CHECKLIST OF ORUAWAIRUA ISLAND ALGAE 49 Classification and botanical nomenclature follows Prescott (1951) for the Xanthophyta and Lindauer et al (1961) for the Phaeophyta. The Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta are classified according to Parke and Dixon (1976) and named according to Chapman (1956) and Chapman (1969) respectively. Voucher specimens of the plants collected are retained in the herbarium of the Botany Department, University of Canterbury. XANTHOPHYTA CLASS: XANTHOPHYCEAE Order: Heterosiphonales Vaucheria sessilis (freshwater) CHLOROPHYTA CLASS: CHLOROPHYCEAE Order:Ulvales PHAEOPHYTA Enteromorpha clathrata var. angustimembrana Enteromorpha compressa var. australiensis (epiphytic on Gelidium longipes* Enteromorpha intestinalis Ulva lobata Order:Cladophorales Cladophora daviesii ( free-li ving and epiphyti c on Hormosira banksii) . Order:Codiales Codium dimorphum Codium fragile CLASS: ISOGENERATAE Order:Ectocarpales Ectocarpus indicus (epiphytic on Scytosiphon lomentarius) Ectocarpus irregularis (epiphytic on Pleono-sporium hirtum) Order:Dictyotales Glossophora kunthii * Indicates uncertainty associated with the given specific name.) 50 MAURI ORA, 1981, Vol. 9 CLASS: HETEROGENERATAE Order: Chordariales RHODOPHYTA Notheia anomo1a (epiphytic on Hormosira banksii). Sp1achnidium rugosum Order: Dictyosiphonales Co1pomenia peregrina (epiphytic on Splachnidium rugosum, Cystophora torulosa, Hormosira banksii and Laurencia sp.). Scytosiphon lomentarius (free-living and epiphytic on Hormosira banksii) Scytothamnus australis Order: Laminariales Macrocystis pyrifera Order: Fucales Carpophyllum maschalocarpum Cystophora torulosa Hormosira banksii CLASS: BANGIOPHYCEAE Order: Bangiales Porphyra columbina CLASS: FLORIDEOPHYCEAE Order: NemaIiaIes Acrochaeti um leptonemoides * (epiphyti c on Cladophora sp.) . Gelidium allanii* Gelidium longipes* Order: Cryptonemiales Corallina officinalis Grateloupia doryphora Order: Ceramiales Laurencia sp. Pleonosporium hirtum Polysiphonia spp. (two species) . ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The enthusiastic help of Dr. G. MacRaild to identify many algae is appreciated. * Indicates uncertainty associated with the given specific name. ) COPPARD - ORUAWAIRUA ISLAND - ALGAE 51 LITERATURE CITED CHAP~~N, V.J. (1956) The marine algae of New Zealand. Part 1. Myxophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Botany), 55: 333-501. CHAP~N, V.J. (1969). The marine algae of New Zealand. Part III. Rhodophyceae. Issues 1 (1969), 2 and 3 (1970). J. Cramer, Germany. Issues 1: pp.1-113, 2: pp.115-154, 3: pp.155-278. CONNER, A.J. and CONNER, L.N. (1981). Ecology of Oruawairua Island, Narlborough Sounds, New Zealand. I Introduction. Mauri Ora, 9: 25-29. CONNER, L.N., POWLESLAND, N.H. and CONNER, A.J. (1981). Ecology of Oruawairua Island, Narlborough Sounds, Ne\v Zealand. II The Vegetation. Mauri Ora, 9: 31-45. LINDAUER, V. W ., CHAP~N, V. J. and AIKEN, }1. ( 1961) . The rna rine algae of Ne\v Zealand. Part II Phaeophyceae. Nova Hedwigia, 3: 129-350. NEW ZEALAND TIDE TABLES (1978). Narine Division, Ninistry of Transport, Hellington. PARK, M. and DIXON, P.S. (1976). Checklist of British marine algae. 3rd revision. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 56: 527-594. PRESCOTT, G.H. (1951). Algae of the western Great Lakes Area. Revised Edition. Brown Co. Publishers, U.S.A. 977 pp. 

Ecology of Oruawairua Island, Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand III. The algae

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Ecology of Oruawairua Island, Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand III. The algae

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