先驱体转化法制备的硅硼碳氮(Si BCN)陶瓷,具有优异的高温结构稳定性、抗氧化性、抗蠕变性及特殊的电学性能,可制备成陶瓷纤维、复合材料、多孔陶瓷、涂层及微器件等,成为航空航天、能源、微电子等产业的备选材料。近年来,研究者们致力于发展先驱体的新型合成方法,开展陶瓷微结构及高温性能的表征研究,并探索将Si BCN陶瓷的特殊性质应用于高温传感器、碳纳米管或碳纳米纤维的抗氧化涂层、碳化硅陶瓷的烧结助剂等领域。本文将对先驱体法制备Si BCN陶瓷的工艺(包括先驱体的合成、热裂解及加工成型)、Si BCN陶瓷微结构和性质,以及其高温性能等最新研究进展进行详细的综述,在此基础上总结该领域目前存在的主要问题,并提出未来的发展方向。Polymer derived silicoboron carbonitride( Si BCN) ceramics possess such excellent properties as high temperature stability,oxidation resistance,creep resistance and special electrical properties. They have been fabricated as ceramic fibers,composites,porous ceramics,coatings,microdevices,and become alternative materials for potential applications in the fields of aerospace, energy, microelectronics. In recent years,researchers have made great progresses in developing new methods of precursor synthesis. The characterizations in microstructures and high temperature properties of Si BCN ceramics have been carried out. Possible applications in high temperature sensors,oxygen resistance coatings of carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers( CNTs/CNFs),and sintering additives have also been sought. The preparation routes of polymer derived Si BCN ceramics( including synthesis,pyrolysis and processing of precursors),the microstructures,basic properties and high temperature properties of Si BCN ceramics are reviewed. Accordingly,major problems are summarized and future research trends are highlighted.国家自然科学基金项目(No.11372263)资助~
