Overview of deep roots in vegetable cropping system

Hefner, M.

Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg

Shanmugam, Sindhuja

Xie, Yue

English

Organic Eprints

Deep roots in Controlled traffic farming and intercropping – but not no‐tillage systems – increased system’s resilience and nitrogen recyclingAny general conclusions to draw on deep roots from the complex effects of cropping systems?Hanne Lakkenborg Kristensen Margita Hefner, Sindhuja Shanmugam, Yue XieDepartment of Food Science, Aarhus UniversityHanne L. KristensenScience team leaderHanne.Kristensen@food.au.dkThanks to fundersDEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCEAARHUSUNIVERSITYInterVegSoilVegDoubleCropClimateVegOrganic RDD 3+4Hanne L. KristensenScience team leaderHanne.Kristensen@food.au.dkDEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCEAARHUSUNIVERSITYIn situ methods to 3 m depth  Dept. Food Science, Aarhus UniversityNon-destructive root registration in minirhizotrons15N injection and soil samplingRoots of fodder radish in 2 m depthMini video camera for filmingPhotos AU FOOD-2.0-1.5-1.0-0.50.0WintersquashSep 2016******Root frequency (%)0 20 40 60 80 100-1.5-1.0-0.50.0Root intensitymod0 5 10 15 20 25 30WhitecabbageNov 2015CTFRTF **Soil depth (m)-2.0-1.5-1.0-0.50.0BeetrootSep 2016***Controlled Traffic Farming - roots• ↑ Root growth• ↑ Yields and crop residues• ↑ Mineralisation• ↑ N uptake• No effect on NO3-leachingHefner et al. (2019) Soil & Tillage Research 191: 117-130Controlled Traffic Farming –increase of system’s resilienceYield increase (%)0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Root intensitymod increase (%)-20020406080100120140White cabbage 2015Potato 2015Beetroot 2015Potato 2016Beetroot 2016Winter squash 2016Vostrup Beetroot 2015Hefner et al. (2019) Soil & Tillage Research 191: 117-130Intercropping – more roots at harvest Xie & Kristensen (2017) European Journal of Agronomy 82: 21-32Intercropping – decrease of soil Nmin56 kg N ha-1 less(0-2.5 m)33 kg N ha-1 less (0.75-2.5 m)23 kg N ha-1 less (0.75-2.5 m)Xie & Kristensen (2017) European Journal of Agronomy 82: 21-32System/Management SoiltypeCrop YieldsDeep rootsN exploi-tationCauseReferenceContolled Traffic Farming vs Random TFSandyloamMany ve-getables+ + (+) Hefner et al. 2019 Soil & TillageResearchCTF vs RTF Sand Beetroot + + (+)Intercropping vs sole croppingSandyloamLeekDyer’s woad+ + + Xie & Kristensen 2017Winter legumes vs legume-rye mixSandy loamCabbage + + – N limitedHefner et al. Accep-ted. Agriculture, Ecosystems & EnvironmentNo-tillage vs fullincorporationSandy loamCabbage + + – N limitedHigh sowing density vs lowCoarsesandRucola + + (+) Kristensen &Stavridou 2017. SoilUse & ManagementLow late season N fertilisation vs highCoarsesandRucola + – – N satu-ratedLow top soil N vs high Sandy loamFodderradish+ + + Xie et al. SubmittedFarmyard manure vs plant-based fertiliserSandy loamBeetrootCabbage+ + (+) Shanmugam et al. In prep.More deep roots – system’s sustainability?DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCEAARHUSUNIVERSITYSession 3: Enhancing resource use through deep rooting – What is the potential for water and nutrient uptake by deep rooted crops?’Key message for discussionYes – more deep roots increase system’s sustainabilityUnless crop N status interferesHanne L. KristensenScience team leaderHanne.Kristensen@food.au.dk

Any general conclusions to draw on deep roots from the complex effects of cropping systems?

https://orgprints.org/38009/1/26112019_HanneLKristensen_Deep%20Frontiers%20Taastrup_without%20unpublished%20results.pdf

Any general conclusions to draw on deep roots from the complex effects of cropping systems?

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