Workshop. Alboran Domain and Gibraltar Arc: Geological Research and Natural Hazards - El dominio de Alborán y el Arco de Gibraltar: Investigación geológica y riesgos naturales - Le Domaine Alboran et l'Arch de Gibraltar: Recherche géologique et risques naturels, 16-18 octubre 2019, Granada..-- 2 pagesIn the framework of natural hazard assessments, the convenience of using numerical models well adapted to the geological phenomena to be studied, is a valuable resource. In the context of the Alboran domain and Gibraltar Arc, the study of tsunami hazards related to submarine earthquakes or, even with combined sources involving landslides, is a major interest problem in terms of citizen protection. In this framework, some numerical schemes called HySEA, have been developed to provide reliable and efficient responses to these challenges.
HySEA (Hyperbolic Systems and Efficient Algorithms) software consists of a family of geophysical codes based on either single layer, two-layer stratified systems or multilayer shallow water models. HySEA codes have been developed by EDANYA Group (https://www.uma.es/edanya) from the University of Málaga (UMA) for more than a decade and they are in continuous evolution and upgrading. Initially, the software was developed and the numerical algorithms implemented and published under no particular name. Several developments have been published in peer-review international journals since 2005 where different analytical and experimental test cases have been presented. Ordered by year of publication, some of these model developments can be found in Castro el al. (2005, 2006, 2008, 2012a), Gallardo et al., (2007) and de la Asunción et al. (2013). In September 2013, at ITS 2013, held at Göcek (Turkey) the ensemble of all the codes was named as HySEA for the very first time, and Landslide-HySEA (for aerial or submarine landslides) and Tsunami-HySEA presented in the two separate contributions González-Vida et al. (2013) and Macías et al. (2013b), respectively.
Tsunami-HySEA is a numerical model specifically designed for the simulation of tsunamis with seismic origin. It combines robustness, reliability and good accuracy in a model based on GPU architecture that can be run in much faster than real time (FTRT) computational times. Besides all this, much effort has been made to develop a specific HySEA code suitable for tsunami computations in the framework of Tsunami Early Warning Systems (TEWS). The TEWS version of Tsunami-HySEA is currently the core numerical code at INGV (Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) of the Italian TEWS. It has been also adopted by the JRC (Joint Research Centre of the European Commission), being the kernel of the tsunami computations provided by the UNESCO GDACS (Global Disaster Alert Coordination System) service. Also has been adopted by the Spanish IGN (Instituto Geográfico Nacional) in its under-development TEWS. During 2017, Tsunami-HySEA was also validated by the NTHMP (NOAA Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program) in several workshops and currently can be officially used by any public agency of the United States.
Concerning landslide-generated tsunamis, a stratified two-layer Savage-Hutter shallow water model, the Landslide-HySEA model, was implemented based on Fernández-Nieto et al. (2008) and incorporated to the HySEA family. Validation of this code comparing numerical results with the laboratory experiments of Heller and Hager (2011) and Fritz et al. (2001) can be found at Sánchez-Linares (2011). A milestone in the validation process of this code consisted in the numerical simulation of the Lituya Bay 1958 mega-tsunami with real topo-bathymetric data in González-Vida et al. (2019). This validation was carried out under a research contract with PMEL/NOAA. The result of this project led NCTR to adopt Landslide-HySEA as the numerical code used to generate initial conditions for the MOST model to be initialized in the case of landslide-generated tsunami scenarios.
Both models, Tsunami-HySEA and Landslide-HySEA have been used in the context of the DAMAGE project to make assessments about the tsunamigenic potential hazard of certain faults located in the Alboran domain. Regarding Landslide-HySEA, it is used in the framework of the assessment of the tsunamigenic potential hazard of possible landslides in several reservoirs in Andaluci
