Spatio-Temporal Mode-locking in Quadratic Nonlinear Media

Abstract

A new theoretical model is developed to characterize spatio-temporal mode-locking (ML) in quadratic nonlinear media. The model is based on the two-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with coupling to a mean term (NLSM) and constructed as an extension of the master mode-locking model. It is numerically demonstrated that there exists steady state soliton solutions of the ML-NLSM mode-locking model that are astigmatic in nature. A full stability analysis and bifurcation study is performed for the ML-NLSM model and it is manifest that spatio-temporal mode-locking of the astigmatic steady-state solutions is possible in quadratic nonlinear media.Comment: 9 pages, 7 Figure