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Anthropogenic disturbance in tropical forests can double biodiversity loss from deforestation
Authors
A Purvis
AC Lees
+57 more
AC Lees
Adriano Venturieri
Alexander C. Lees
B Crase
BS Soares-Filho
C Banks-Leite
Carlos M. Souza Jr
CM Souza Jr.
D Nepstad
DC Morton
E Berenguer
Erika Berenguer
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Gareth D. Lennox
Ima C. G. Vieira
J Barlow
J Barrio
J Chave
J Ferreira
J Pearce
James R. Thomson
JMC da Silva
Joice Ferreira
Jos Barlow
João Victor Siqueira
Juliana M. Silveira
Julio Louzada
L Gibson
LEOC Aragão
LL Manne
Luiz E. O. C. Aragão
Luke Parry
MC Hansen
Nárgila G. Moura
OL Phillips
Raimundo Cosme de Oliveira Jr
Ralph Mac Nally
Renata Pardini
Ricardo Ribeiro de Castro Solar
RM Ewers
Rodrigo Anzolin Begotti
Rodrigo F. Braga
Ruan Carlo Stulpen Veiga
S Sloan
SFD Ferraz
Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz
SL Lewis
SN Panfil
Sâmia Serra Nunes
TA Gardner
Thiago Moreira Cardoso
Toby A. Gardner
TR Baker
Victor Hugo Fonseca Oliveira
Y Chen
Y Malhi
Z Burivalova
Publication date
1 January 2016
Publisher
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
Doi
Cite
Abstract
© 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Concerted political attention has focused on reducing deforestation, and this remains the cornerstone of most biodiversity conservation strategies. However, maintaining forest cover may not reduce anthropogenic forest disturbances, which are rarely considered in conservation programmes. These disturbances occur both within forests, including selective logging and wildfires, and at the landscape level, through edge, area and isolation effects. Until now, the combined effect of anthropogenic disturbance on the conservation value of remnant primary forests has remained unknown, making it impossible to assess the relative importance of forest disturbance and forest loss. Here we address these knowledge gaps using a large data set of plants, birds and dung beetles (1,538, 460 and 156 species, respectively) sampled in 36 catchments in the Brazilian state of Pará. Catchments retaining more than 69-80% forest cover lost more conservation value from disturbance than from forest loss. For example, a 20% loss of primary forest, the maximum level of deforestation allowed on Amazonian properties under Brazil's Forest Code, resulted in a 39-54% loss of conservation value: 96-171% more than expected without considering disturbance effects. We extrapolated the disturbance-mediated loss of conservation value throughout Pará, which covers 25% of the Brazilian Amazon. Although disturbed forests retained considerable conservation value compared with deforested areas, the toll of disturbance outside Pará's strictly protected areas is equivalent to the loss of 92,000-139,000 km2 of primary forest. Even this lowest estimate is greater than the area deforested across the entire Brazilian Amazon between 2006 and 2015 (ref. 10). Species distribution models showed that both landscape and within-forest disturbances contributed to biodiversity loss, with the greatest negative effects on species of high conservation and functional value. These results demonstrate an urgent need for policy interventions that go beyond the maintenance of forest cover to safeguard the hyper-diversity of tropical forest ecosystems
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info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature18326
Last time updated on 04/12/2019