COVID-19 in hematology patients: real world experience in hospitals in the UK West Midlands

Abstract

© 2021 The Authors. Published by Hilaris. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: [DOI/weblink]Objectives: This study aimed to understand the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients diagnosed with haematological conditions, malignant and non-malignant. Method: A detailed insight into the first 112 patients with comorbidity of haematological conditions and COVID-19, admitted into nine National Health Services Trusts in the West Midlands Area of the United Kingdom, between 1st of March 2020 and 31st May 2020. Results: In the study cohort, 82% of patients had a malignant haematological disorder whilst 18% had a non-malignant haematological condition. Increasing age, breathlessness, reduction in oxygen saturation under 90% and abnormal chest x-ray were independently associated with higher mortality. Other long term co-morbidities did not present adverse impacts in this population. Survival analysis demonstrated that the COVID-19 severity score had a significant adverse correlation on patient outcome. COVID-19 patients who were classified as low risk, based on their primary haematological condition, showed significantly shorter survival time than those in the high risk category, which might be due to the shielding strategy for high infection risk patients. Conclusion: The 55% overall mortality in this cohort suggests that patients with haematological conditions had a higher mortality rate than patients with other acute, chronic or long term conditions. Significance: Previous studies have suggested poor outcomes for COVID‐19 infection in patients with haematological cancers, with short‐term mortality rates ranging from 32% to 62%. We report here the outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients with haematological conditions with both malignant and non-malignant, admitted to secondary care in acute care hospitals of the UK West Midlands. This study also examined the impact of chemo immunotherapy on outcomes from COVID-19 infection. This will be useful information to guide decision making during this second UK national lockdow