A Novel Class of N-Sulfonyl and N-Sulfamoyl Noscapine Derivatives that Promote Mitotic Arrest in Cancer Cells

Abstract

Noscapine displays weak anticancer efficacy and numerous research efforts have attempted to generate more potent noscapine analogues. These modifications included the replacement of the N‐methyl group in the 6′‐position with a range of substituents, where N‐ethylcarbamoyl substitution was observed to possess enhanced anticancer activity. Herein, we describe advances in this area, namely the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of N‐sulfonyl and N‐sulfamoyl noscapine derivatives. A number of these sulfonyl‐containing noscapinoids demonstrated improved activities compared to noscapine. ((R)‐5‐((S)‐4,5‐Dimethoxy‐1,3‐dihydroisobenzofuran‐1‐yl)‐4‐methoxy‐6‐((1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐4‐yl)sulfonyl)‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5‐g]isoquinoline) (14 q) displayed sub‐micromolar activities of 560, 980, 271 and 443 nM against MCF‐7, PANC‐1, MDA‐MB‐435 and SK‐MEL‐5 cells, respectively. This antiproliferative effect was also maintained against drug‐resistant NCI/AdrRES cells despite high expression of the multidrug efflux pump, P‐glycoprotein