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Leneman, L.

English

In the period 1685-1785 the Atholl estates comprised large
areas of land in both Lowland and Highland Perthshire. Using
estate papers, supplemented by other primary sources, a picture
has been built up of various aspects of the lives of the tenantry.
It has been shown that change was slow over this hundred year
period. The switch from a landowner who was locally resident
to one who was usually absent proved to have little demonstrable
effect on the lives of the people. The presence and efficiency of
the dukes' factors compensated to a large extent for the absence
of the dukes themselves.

The key event of the kirk in our period - the change from an
Episcopalian to a Presbyterian establishment - had repercussions
in the Atholl lands, and these have been charted. An examination
of kirk session records for two parishes has provided the means
to look at the subject of morality, and specifically at illegitimacy
levels. By the end of our period the administration of poor
relief was still inefficient; however a potential famine in 1782/3
was averted. The spread of education (English language based) in
the Highland parts of the estates was encouraged by the 1st Duke,
whose involvement with the SSPCK led to the formation of a number
of charity schools in the Atholl lands.

The Highland parts of the estates were an important source of
military manpower, although the Highlander's supposedly insatiable
love of battle seems to have been over-rated. Violent crime in the
period prior to 1745 proved to have its source in Rannoch moor
and virtually disappeared after that date. Baron courts played
an important role in local affairs, though the regality court,
abolished in 1747, was corrupt well before that date. The Forest
of Atholl was being increasingly poached upon in the course of the
century, and the theft of timber from the woods also continued.
However, the latter offence was dealt with by due process of law,
whereas the legal rights of landowners with regard to poaching
were less easily definable.

The coal mine at Blairingone was much more important to the
dukes than to the mass of the tenantry, but the amount of material
available on it has provided a useful picture of such an enterprise. 
Linen was the main peasant industry; therefore all of the
scanty material on the subject has been gathered together.

The period of the thesis spans all of the Jacobite risings,
and a significant change was noted from positive Jacobite sentiments
in 1689 to a refusal to have anything to do with either
side in 1745

Leneman, Leah

Edinburgh Research Archive

A social history of the Atholl Estates, 1685-1785

OpenGrey Repository

A social history of the Atholl estates 1685-1785

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A social history of the Atholl estates 1685-1785

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