Extracellular vesicles are considered as valuable biomarkers for various diseases. The isolation from their surrounding matrix, e.g. blood, is a crucial step for a detailed analysis of their size or constituents. Therefore, we present a microfluidic platform capable of size-based separation of vesicles with a wide dynamic range via deterministic lateral displacement and the direct on-chip analysis of sorted vesicles. Polydisperse samples of giant and large unilamellar vesicles as biological sample models were separated and enriched in designated regions in the channel. Total internal reflection fluorescence spectroscopy allowed for a discrimination and enumeration of nanovesicles labeled with different membrane markers