A domestic hen showing infraorbital swelling was presented for a routine classroom demonstration of avian diagnostics. At necropsy, tiny whitish caseo-calcareous nodules were found in the subcutaneous tissues of the carcass, produced by the subcutaneous fowl mite, Laminosioptes cysticola. Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica was isolated from the infraorbital sinus, it containing a caseous exudate. During necropsy, a conspicuous cyst was found in the abdominal cavity. Microscopic examination of the internal lining of the cyst revealed a single cuboidal to columnar, ciliated epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of oviductal cyst. Also, the microscopic examination of the heart, lung, liver and kidney reveal a multifocal infiltration of lymphoma cells. It appears the first case of simultaneous presentation of these conditions from a single chicken

C.  Salgado-Miranda

E.  Soriano-Vargas

M. C.  López-Rosas

N. L.  Calderón

R.  Fajardo

R.  Miranda-Robles

V.  Vega-Sánchez

Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

   REDVET. Revista Electrónica de VeterinariaE-ISSN: 1695-7504redvet@veterinaria.orgVeterinaria OrganizaciónEspañaSoriano-Vargas, E.; Miranda-Robles, R.; López-Rosas, M. C.; Vega-Sánchez, V.; Fajardo, R.;Salgado-Miranda, C.; Calderón, N. L.Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen witha cystic right oviductREDVET. Revista Electrónica de Veterinaria, vol. 11, núm. 7, julio, 2010, pp. 1-7Veterinaria OrganizaciónMálaga, EspañaAvailable in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=63614251018   How to cite   Complete issue   More information about this article   Journal's homepage in redalyc.orgScientific Information SystemNetwork of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and PortugalNon-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiativeREDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    1 REDVET Rev. electrón. vet. http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet -http://revista.veterinaria.org Vol. 11, Nº  07, Julio/2010–  http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710.html   Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct  E. Soriano-Vargas,AC R. Miranda-Robles,A M. C. López-Rosas,A V. Vega-Sánchez,A R. Fajardo,A C. Salgado-MirandaA and N. L. CalderónB ACentro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50200, México. BDepartamento de Producción Animal: Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D. F., 04510, México C corresponding author Postal address: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal (CIESA), FMVZ, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), Instituto Literario No. 100, Col. Centro, Toluca, 50000, México, México. Telephone/Fax: + 52 (722) 296-5555;  E-mail: soriano@uaemex.mx    SUMMARY   A domestic hen showing infraorbital swelling was presented for a routine classroom demonstration of avian diagnostics. At necropsy, tiny whitish caseo-calcareous nodules were found in the subcutaneous tissues of the carcass, produced by the subcutaneous fowl mite, Laminosioptes cysticola. Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica was isolated from the infraorbital sinus, it containing a caseous exudate. During necropsy, a conspicuous cyst was found in the abdominal cavity. Microscopic examination of the internal lining of the cyst revealed a single cuboidal to columnar, ciliated epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of oviductal cyst. Also, the microscopic examination of the heart, lung, liver and kidney reveal a multifocal infiltration of lymphoma cells. It appears the first case of simultaneous presentation of these conditions from a single chicken. Key words: Laminosioptes cysticola, Gallibacterium anatis, oviductal cyst, neoplasia, poultry.  REDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    2During a routine classroom demonstration of avian diagnostics, a 4 year-old, domestic chicken hen showing coryzoid infraorbital swelling (Figure 1) was humanly euthanasied.   Figure 1. Chicken hen showing unilateral swelling (A) and caseous exudate (B) in left infraorbital sinus.        A               B   At the post-mortem inspection, a caseous exudate was found into the left sinus. Large numbers of tiny whitish caseo-calcareous nodules were found in the subcutaneous tissues of the vent, breast and flanks (Figure 2).      REDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    3Figure 2. Characteristic caseo-calcareous nodular lesions by Laminosioptes cysticola in the subcutis of the chicken hen of this study (A). Histology section of a caseo-calcareous nodule (B).  A.                    B.REDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    4A conspicuous cyst (approximately 6 cm length) was found in the abdominal cavity (Figure 3).  Figure 3. Cystic right oviduct in the chicken hen of this study.  Infraorbital sinus samples were taken and cultivated on 10% sheep blood agar plates with Staphylococcus epidermidis as colony feeder. Plates were incubated at 37° C into a candle jar.   Tissue samples were processed for routine paraffin embedding. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.  RESULTS  The bacterium Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica was isolated in pure culture from the affected infraorbital sinus (Figure 1). The identity of the isolate was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction as described by Bojesen et al. (2007).  On histological examination, nodules appeared as encapsulated homogenous masses in the subcutaneous connective tissue (Figure 2). These were presumably remnants in section of the subcutaneous fowl mite, Laminosioptes cysticola.  Microscopic examination of the internal lining of the cyst revealed a single cuboidal to columnar, ciliated epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of an oviductal cyst.  Microscopic examination of the heart, lung, liver and kidney reveal a severe multifocal infiltration of lymphoma cells. In kidney, infiltration of lymphoma cells trend to a nodular disposition (Figure 4).  REDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    5 Figure 4. Kidney lymphoma in the chicken hen of this study (Bar = 0.2 mm).  DISCUSSION  The bacterium G. anatis biovar haemolytica is involved in respiratory disease of poultry (Christensen et al., 2003). However, it is unknown if this bacterium may produce a coryzoid respiratory disease in infected chickens.  The work of Cassidy & Ketter (1965), showing caseo-calcareous nodular lesions by L. cysticola in the subcutis of a chicken was definitive in the diagnosis of this condition. The life cycle of the mite is not known (Fain, 1981). It has been reported from chickens, turkeys, pheasant, geese, or pigeons in USA (South Dakota, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, West Virginia and California) (Arends, 2003; Cassidy & Ketter, 1965; Tacal, 1986), Mexico (Acevedo & Quintero, 1981), Britain (Amure & Stuart, 1977), Poland (Smolska-Szymczewska & Paszowska, 2000) and Chile (Toro et al., 1999). Also, internal abdominal and nervous lesions in parasite infected turkeys have been reported (Kaliner, 1970; Smith et al., 1997). REDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    6Large numbers of nodules are most often found in aged emaciated birds (Arends, 2003). It is possible that the age and immunodepression by the lymphoma disease contribute to the large number of nodules observed in the bird.  Cystic right oviducts are common incidental findings in postmortem examination of chickens. Small cysts are of little consequence, but large cysts compress the abdominal viscera (Crespo & Shivaprasad, 2003). A close examination of the cyst lining revealed a single cuboidal to columnar ciliated epithelium as reported by Schmidt & Raush (1986).  It appears the first case of simultaneous presentation of these conditions from a single chicken hen.  REFERENCES  • Acevedo, A., an M. T. Quintero. Mites of importance in domestic fowl in Mexico. Proceedings 30th Western Poultry Disease Conference & 15th Poultry Health Symposium, 1981; pp. 73-74. • Amure, J., and J. C. Stuart. A case of Laminosioptes cysticola infection. Vet. Rec. 1977; 101:387. • Arends, J. J. External parasites and poultry pests. In: Diseases of poultry, 11th ed. Y. M. Saif, H. J. Barnes, J. R. Glisson, A. M. Fadly, L. R. McDougald, D. E. Swayne, eds. Iowa State Press, Ames, IA. 2003; pp. 905-930. • Bojesen, A. M., M. E. Vazquez, F. Robles, C. Gonzalez, E. V. Soriano, J. E. Olsen, and H. Christensen. Specific identification of Gallibacterium by a PCR using primers targeting the 16S rRNA and 23 rRNA genes. Vet. Microbiol. 2007; 123:262-268. • Cassidy, D. R., and W. E. Ketter. The subcutaneous mite of chickens: an incident report. Avian Dis. 1965; 9:78-81. • Christensen, H., M. Bisgaard, A. M. Bojesen, R. Mutters, and J. E. Olsen. Genetic relationships among avian isolates classified as Pasteurella haemolytica, ‘Actinobacillus salpingitidis’ or Pasteurella anatis with proposal of Gallibacterium anatis gen. nov., comb. nov. and description of additional genomospecies within Gallibacterium gen. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2003; 53:275-287. • Crespo, R., and H. L. Shivaprasad. Developmental, metabolic, and other noninfectious disorders. In: Diseases of poultry, 11th ed. Y. M. Saif, H. J. Barnes, J. R. Glisson, A. M. Fadly, L. R. McDougald, D. E. Swayne, eds. Iowa State Press, Ames, IA. 2003; pp. 1055-1102. • Fain, A. Notes on the genus Laminosioptes Megnin, 1880 (Acari, Astigmata) with description of three new species. Syst. Parasitol. 1981; 2:123-132. REDVET. Revista electrónica de Veterinaria 1695-7504       2010 Volumen 11 Número 07  Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf    7• Kaliner, G. Occurrence of Laminosioptes cysticola in the abdominal organs of a hen turkey. Pathol. Vet. 1970; 7:321-328. • Schmidt, G. D., and R. L. Raush. Cysts resembling hydatids in a chicken. Avian Dis. 1986; 30:840-842. • Smith, K. E., C. F. Quist, and J. M. Crum. Clinical illness in a wild turkey with Laminosioptes cysticola infestation of the viscera and peripheral nerves. Avian Dis. 1997; 41:484-489. • Smolska-Szymczewska, B., and K. Paszowska. Acariasis of subcutaneous and muscular tissue in poultry. Med. Wet. 2000; 56:349-412. • Tacal, J. V. Some disease problems of backyard poultry in San Bernardino County. Proceedings Western Poultry Disease Conference. 1986; pp. 190-191. • Toro, H., C. Saucedo, C. Borie, R. E. Gough, and H. Alcaíno. Health status of free-living pigeons in the city of Santiago. Avian Pathol. 1999; 28:619-623.                     REDVET: 2010, Vol. 11 Nº 07  Recibido: 15.01.2010 /  Ref. prov. ENE1012_REDVET / Aceptado: 09.06.2010 Ref. def. 071004_REDVET / Publicado: 01.07.2010  Este artículo está disponible en http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710.html concretamente en  http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n070710/071004.pdf  REDVET® Revista Electrónica de Veterinaria está editada por Veterinaria  Organización®.  Se autoriza la difusión y reenvío siempre que enlace con Veterinaria.org®  http://www.veterinaria.org  y con REDVET® - http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet   

Laminosioptes cysticola and Gallibacterium anatis infections in a lymphoma diseased chicken hen with a cystic right oviduct

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