A new species of eosentomid proturan, Eosentomon heatherproctorae, is described from Ontario. This new species is a member of the transitorium species-group. It differs from related North American species of this group in the following combination of characters: labral setae absent, foretarsal sensilla d and t3 long and stout, no anterior setae on the sternite of the eighth abdominal segment, and six setae on the sternites of the ninth and tenth abdominal segments

Bernard, Ernest C

Guzowski, Michal

English

ValpoScholar

The Great Lakes Entomologist 
Volume 35 
Number 1 - Spring/Summer 2002 Number 1 - 
Spring/Summer 2002 
Article 2 
April 2002 
Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: Eosentomidae) 
From Ontario 
Ernest C. Bernard 
University of Tennessee 
Michal Guzowski 
Queen's University 
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Recommended Citation 
Bernard, Ernest C. and Guzowski, Michal 2002. "Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: 
Eosentomidae) From Ontario," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 35 (1) 
Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol35/iss1/2 
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2002 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 9
 1Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Tennessee Agricultural Experiment 
Station, University of Tennessee, 205 Plant Sciences, 2431 Center Drive, Knoxville, TN 
37996-4560.
2Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
EOSENTOMON HEATHERPROCTORAE N. SP.  
(PROTURA: EOSENTOMIDAE) FROM ONTARIO
Ernest C. Bernard1 and Michal Guzowski2
ABSTRACT
A new species of eosentomid proturan, Eosentomon heatherproctorae, is 
described from Ontario.  This new species is a member of the transitorium 
species-group.  It differs from related North American species of this group in the 
following combination of characters: labral setae absent, foretarsal sensilla d and 
t3 long and stout, no anterior setae on the sternite of the eighth abdominal seg-
ment, and six setae on the sternites of the ninth and tenth abdominal segments.
____________________
Among 37 Protura collected from 27 sites at the Queen’s University 
Biological Station near Kingston, Ontario, were 10 specimens representing 
an undescribed species of Eosentomon Berlese.  These specimens proved to 
be members of the transitorium-group sensu Tuxen (1964), characterized by 
a sharply bent caput processus in the female genital apparatus.  This species 
group is primarily European and North African (Szeptycki 1986), with only a 
few species known from North America: E. bernardi Nosek, E. richardi Ber-
nard, and E. vermontense Nosek (Bernard 1990, Nosek and Kevan 1984).  The 
purpose of this paper is to describe the new species and differentiate it from 
similar members of the genus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Protura were extracted from soil cores and preserved in 80% ethanol. 
Specimens were cleared and expanded in Marc Andre I fluid at 60 °C for 15 min-
utes, then mounted in Marc Andre II medium on glass slides (Christiansen and 
Bellinger 1998).  Mounts were cured in a 60 °C oven for four days, then ringed 
with Glyptal.  Observations were made with phase and differential contrast 
microscopy.  Drawings were made with the aid of a drawing tube.
Eosentomon heatherproctorae new species
Color and dimensions: Adult body pale amber, mean length (range) 710 
µm (609-809); head length without labrum 98 µm (92-103); foretarsal length with-
out claw (n = 13) 63 µm (60-64).  LR = 11.5; PR = 6.2; TR (n = 12) = 5.7 (5.0-6.3).
Morphology: Pseudoculus broadly oval, with three diffuse, longitudinal 
lines on the posterior half.  Clypeal apodeme with convex, slightly clavate lateral 
arms weakly connected to each other anteriorly (Fig. 1).  Labrum with truncate 
apices angling inward to a V-shaped notch; labral setae absent (Fig. 2).  Central 
pair of rostral setae inflated (Fig. 2), the inflation more visible laterally than 
dorsally.  Digits of galea rounded, the outer digit curved slightly outward and 
longer than the other two digits; both lobes of lacinia curved, outer lobe not 
visibly dentate, inner lobe not hooked (Fig. 3).  Mandible with two apical and 
one subapical teeth (Fig. 4).
Empodium of foretarsus about equal to length of claw.  Empodia of middle 
and hind legs less than one-eighth the lengths of their ungues.
Central lobe of precosta on abdominal segments IV and V narrow, slightly 
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Bernard and Guzowski: Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: Eosentomidae) From O
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10 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 35, No. 1
narrowed at the midpoint but not incised (Fig. 9).  Female squama genitalis 
(Fig. 11) with short, broad styli; proximo-lateral sclerotizations well-developed; 
caput processus prominent, sharply angled toward inner stylus margin; 
corpus processus narrow, weakly striate proximally, extending to inner 
stylus margin but not extending outward past the caput processus; median 
sclerotizations absent; filum processus much shorter than stylus; stylus 
apices finely rounded.
Chaetotaxy: Cephalic setae aa and pa present, anterior sensillum as 
present.  Setae sp and p about equal in length (Fig. 1).
On mesonotum (Fig. 5), seta p1 slightly longer than p1’; p2 slightly longer 
than p2’; seta p3’ setiform.  Metanotal setae (Fig. 6) similar to those of mesono-
tum ; bases of p5 and p5’ touching.
On foretarsus (Figs. 12,13), sensillum b’1 absent, c’ spatulate, thick; sen-
sillum a short and slender; b weakly spatulate and almost reaching the base of 
β6; c slightly expanded, reaching to the base of γ3; d very long, reaching nearly 
to α7; f1 narrowly spatulate, f2 slender, almost equal in length to f1; e and g 
clearly spatulate.  Sensillum t1 equidistant to α3 and α3’, t2 slender; t3 long 
and thick, nearly reaching base of claw.  Sensillum a’ weakly spatulate, b’2 
slender and reaching well past α6.  On metatarsus (Fig. 10), seta D2 spiniform, 
less stout than D5.
Abdominal setal composition given in Table 1.  Tergum I setal formula 
3:1:2, p1’ longer than p1; p3’ and p3’’ minute but swollen (Fig. 7).  On terga II-
VI, p1’ and p2’ longer than p1 and p2; p4’ more than half the length of p4 and 
setiform.  On tergum VII, p1’ setiform, shorter than p1; p4 and p4’ of equal 
length and robustness.  On tergum VIII, pc and p1’ setiform, p1” aristate, p2’ 
linear (Fig. 8).
Diagnosis: Eosentomon heatherproctorae n. sp. is a member of the tran-
sitorium group as defined by Tuxen (1964).  Females in this group have the 
caput processus strongly reflexed toward the inner edge of the stylus, making 
a birdhead-like shape.  The new species differs from other North American 
members of this group (E. bernardi Nosek in Nosek & Kevan, E. richardi Ber-
nard, and E. vermontense Nosek in Nosek & Kevan) in the lack of labral setae 
(present in E. bernardi and E. richardi, unknown in E. vermontense), absence 
of anterior setae on sternum VIII (2 anterior setae in the other species), and six 
setae on sterna IX-X (four in E. bernardi and E. vermontense, six in E. richardi). 
Foretarsal sensillum d is much longer in E. heatherproctorae n. sp. than in the 
other three North American species.
The presence of the accessory head setae aa and pa places E. heatherproc-
torae n. sp. in the subset named the “delicatum” group by Szeptycki (1985), where 
it will key to E. wanda Szeptycki.  The new species differs from E. wanda in the 
following ways: labral setae absent, foretarsal sensillum d long and stout (short 
in E. wanda), sensillum t1 equidistant to α3' and α3 (in E. wanda, t1 very close 
to α3'), ten anterior setae on tergum VII (four in E. wanda).
Types: Holotype female collected from soil cores 13 July 1996, Chaffey’s 
Lock, Queen’s University Biological Station (44°33’45”N, 76°19’21”W), near 
Kingston, Ontario.  Nine paratypes (2 females, 5 males, 2 maturus juniors) col-
lected at same locality from 14 June to 13 July 1996, M. Guzowski, collector. 
Holotype and 4 paratypes deposited in the Canadian National Collection; five 
paratypes deposited in the apterygote section of the University of Tennessee 
Entomology Collection.
It is our pleasure to name this species after Dr. Heather Proctor, who 
directed the research that led to the collection of this new species.
2
The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 35, No. 1 [2002], Art. 2
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2002 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 11
Figures 1-11.  Eosentomon heatherproctorae n. sp.  1) Dorsum of head, left side.  2) 
Labrum and rostral setae, dorsal view.  3) Galea and lacinia of maxilla.  4) Apex of 
mandible.  5) Mesonotum, posterior margin of left side.  6) Metanotum, posterior mar-
gin of left side.  7) Abdominal tergite I, right side.  8) Abdominal tergite VIII, right side. 
9) Precosta of abdominal tergum V.  10) Metatarsus.  11) Squama genitalis.  Scale bars 
= 30 µm.
3
Bernard and Guzowski: Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: Eosentomidae) From O
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12 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 35, No. 1
Figures 12, 13.  Eosentomon heatherproctorae n. sp.  12) Foretarsus, dorsal view.  13) 
Foretarsus, ventral view. Scale bar = 15 µm.
Table 1.  Abdominal chaetotaxy of Eosentomon heatherproctorae n. sp.
  I II III IV-VI VII VIII IX-X XI XII
 
Dorsal
 Anterior setae 4 10 10 8 10 6 8 8 12
 Posterior setae 12 14 14 16 16 9
Ventral
 Anterior setae  4 6 6 6 6 0 6 8 9
 Posterior setae 4 4 10 10 10 7
4
The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 35, No. 1 [2002], Art. 2
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2002 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 13
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We thank Dr. Heather Proctor for making this research opportunity possible.
LITERATURE CITED
Bernard, E. C.  1990.  New species, clarifications, and changes in status within Eosen-
tomon Berlese (Hexapoda: Protura: Eosentomidae) from the United States.  Proc. 
Biol. Soc. Wash. 103:861-890.
Christiansen, K. A. and P. F. Bellinger.  1998.  The Collembola of North America North 
of the Rio Grande.  2nd ed.  Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA.
Nosek, J. and D. K. M. Kevan.  1984.  New species of Eosentomon Berlese, 1909 (Protura: 
Eosentomidae) from Quebec and Vermont.  Can. Ent. 116:19-26.
Szeptycki, A.  1995.  Polish Protura.  II.  Eosentomon delicatum Gisin, 1945, and related 
species.  Polskie Pismo Ent. 55:139-186.
Szeptycki, A.  1986.  Polish Protura.  IV. Eosentomon “transitorium” group.  Polskie Pismo 
Ent. 56:481-530.
Tuxen, S. L.  1964.  The Protura.  Hermann, Paris.
5
Bernard and Guzowski: Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: Eosentomidae) From O
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Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: Eosentomidae) From Ontario

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Eosentomon Heatherproctorae N. Sp. (Protura: Eosentomidae) From Ontario

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