Badii, M.

Campodoni, G.

Franci, Oreste

Pianaccioli, L.

Pugliese, Carolina

English

Florence Research

Cinta Senese and Large White x Cinta Seneseraised on pasture in wood: sample join composition and meat quality C. Pugliese, G. Campodoni, M. Badii, L. Pianaccioli, O. FranciDipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche – Firenze, Italy.RIASSUNTO – Suini Cinta Senese e Large White x Cinta Senese allevati al pascolo in bosco: quali-tà della carne – In due recinti, di 14 ha ciascuno, sono stati allevati 55 suini: 14 (7 CS e 7 LWxCS) in uno(Bassa densità) e 41 (20 CS e 21 LWxCS) nell’altro (Alta densità). Ciascun gruppo era bilanciato per sesso.I maschi sono stati castrati. Ad un’età media di 336 giorni i soggetti sono stati macellati. I suini di razzapura, relativamente alla composizione del taglio campione, hanno fatto registrare le più basse percentua-li di magro e la più alta incidenza di osso. I CS puri hanno fornito inoltre carne più rossa, più intensa-mente colorata e con la più alta percentuale di grasso intramuscolare. La diversa densità di allevamentonon ha esercitato effetti significativi ad eccezione del maggior peso del taglio campione registrato per ilgruppo “bassa densità”.KEY WORDS: Cinta Senese, crossbreed, outdoor, meat quality.INTRODUCTION – During recent years animal welfare has received considerable attention inEurope. To satisfy the demand for better ethics and health regarding pigs, it has become popular to raisepigs outdoors. In Mediterranean area free-ranged system is carried out with indigenous breed. In ItalyCinta Senese is one of the main autochthonous breed. In past times Cinta Senese sows were frequentlycrossed with Large White boars in order to obtain the so called “grigio”, which could be proposed, nowa-days, as industrial crossing. Aim of this work is to study the effects of genetic type and rearing densityon sample join composition and meat quality traits.MATHERIALS AND METHODS – In two fenced areas, each one of 14 ha, two groups of animalswere reared. One group of 14 pigs (Low density) was so defined: 7 Cinta Senese (CS) and 7 Large Whitex Cinta Senese (LWxCS). The other group of 41 pigs (High density) was formed by 20 CS and 21 LWxCS.Each group was balanced for sex. Males were castrated. For more details of the experimental design seeCampodoni et al. (2003). Animals were slaughtered at 336 (S.D. ± 14 d) days of age, on average. At 45minutes post-mortem, pH on Longissimus lomborum (pH45) was measured. From loin a portion from 2ndto 5th lumbar vertebra inclusive, was removed. Sample join so obtained was defatted removing the resid-ual subcutaneous fat. This depot was not representative of sample join adiposity because of differencesamong operators at side dissection. Sample join was dissected into lean, intermuscular fat and bone. OnLongissimus lomborum (LL) the following analysis were carried out: pH; colour measurements (L*, a*,b*, Chroma and Hue) using a Minolta Chromameter; water-holding capacity (WHC) by drip loss andcooking loss in water-bath; shear force measurements (WB) on raw and cooked meat; moisture bylyophilising; intramuscular fat (IMF) by ether extraction; protein by Kjeldahl method; ash. Statisticalanalysis was carried out by GLM procedure of S.A.S (1988) including the fixed effects: day of slaughter(2 levels), genotype, rearing density and sex. Interactions among factors were no significant.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS – Table 1 reports the results on the sample join dissection. CSpigs showed the lowest weight of sample join, also because of their lowest weight at slaughter. For tis-ITAL.J.ANIM.SCI. VOL. 2 (SUPPL. 1), 397-399, 2003 397* ASPA - Atti corretti  27-12-2005  16:39  Pagina 397PROC. 15th CONGR. A.S.P.A., PARMA, ITALYsular composition CS pigs were less lean than LWxCS and they showed the highest percentage of bone.No differences between the genotypes were found for intermuscular fat but, because of removal of sub-cutaneous fat, there is no evidence that the two genetic types had the same level of the total fatness. Asreported by Franci et al. (2001a), there is no accord in literature about the relationship among the vari-ous fat depots; however it is clear that it’s strictly connected to genetic and environmental factors.Moreover in previous work on carcass characteristics (Campodoni et al., 2003) the same Cinta Senesepigs showed the highest adiposity. In Table 2 pH value and physical traits are reported. No differencesbetween genotypes were found for pH values, water holding capacity and shear force. Cinta Senese pigshad LL with the lowest values of L* and Hue and the highest value of Chroma. The last two results weredue to the highest value of a* in Cinta Senese pigs while no differences were found for the coordinate b*.Meat from Cinta Senese pigs appeared more red and more intensively coloured. No differences betweengenotypes were found for moisture and protein percentage, while Cinta Senese showed the highest val-ues of intramuscular fat and ash contents (Table 3). This results are partly in accord with previous workon comparison between pure Cinta Senese and its cross with Large White (Franci et al., 2001b), whichwas, however, carried out with animals reared in intensive conditions and slaughtered at the sameweight but at different age.Table 1. Sample join composition.Genetic type Density Sex rsdCS LWxCS High Low Barrow Femaleslaughter weight kg 125a 159b 139 144 145 139 11.1sample weight g 1280a 1899b 1499b 1680a 1502a 1677b 267- lean % 75.7b 79.3a 77.3 77.7 76.5a 78.5b 3.01- intermusc. fat % 3.2 2.8 3.1 2.8 3.05 2.9 1.59- bone % 20.4b 17.6a 19 19 19.8a 18.3b 2.6Means with different letters differ at the 5% level.Table 2. pH and physical traits of LL muscle.Genetic type Density Sex rsdCS LWxCS High Low Barrow FemalepH45 6.50 6.49 6.46 6.53 6.53 6.47 0.19pH24 5.63 5.57 5.57 5.64 5.62 5.59 0.13drip loss % 2.73 2.78 2.74 2.77 2.66 2.85 1.48cooking loss % 29.7 28.1 29.7 28.1 29.3 28.5 4.19WB raw meat kg 9.2 9.5 9.28 9.51 9.58 9.21 1.94WB cooked meat kg 11.8 11.7 12.1 11.4 11.4 12.1 2.77L* 47.75b 50.37a 49.1 49.02 48.8 49.3 2.34a* 12.66a 10.95b 11.73 11.88 12.13 11.48 1.31b* 4.00 4.26 4.15 4.11 4.12 4.13 0.73chroma 13.3b 11.77a 12.6 12.5 12.85 12.22 1.34hue 0.307b 0.371a 0.336 0.341 0.330 0.348 0.055Means with different letters differ at the 5% level.398 ITAL.J.ANIM.SCI. VOL. 2 (SUPPL. 1), 397-399, 2003* ASPA - Atti corretti  27-12-2005  16:39  Pagina 398As the effect of rearing density is concerned, no differences were found between the two experimen-tal groups except for the highest weight of sample join recorded in the low density pigs. As regard dif-ferences between sex, castrated males showed the lowest values of sample weight and lean percentageand the highest intramuscular fat content.In conclusion, these results suggest that, in free range system, the use of crossing between CintaSenese and Large White can supply products not very different, as regard meat quality traits, from thoseobtained from pure Cinta Senese breed.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS – Work supported by funds A.R.S.I.A. grant with contribution of NiccolaiAlimentari S.p.A. Thanks to the staff of “Tenuta di Arceno”.REFERENCES – Campodoni, G., Badii, M., Sirtori, F., 2003. Proc. 15th Nat. Cong. of ASPA, Parma18-20 June. Franci, O., Pugliese, C., Bozzi, R., Acciaioli, A., Parisi, G., 2001a. Meat Sci. 58:259-266.Franci, O., Gandini, G., Madonia, G., Pugliese, C., Chiofalo, V., Bozzi, R., Acciaioli, A., Campodoni, G.,Pizzi, F., 2001b. Pig genetic resource in Europe. EAAP publication n°104:67-76. SAS/STAT, 1988. “UserGuide, Release 6.03”, Edition. Cary, NC:SAS Institute Inc.Table 3. Chemical composition (on wet basis) of LL muscle.Genetic type Density Sex rsdCS LWxCS High Low Barrow FemaleMoisture % 73.67 73.73 73.82 73.58 73.62 73.68 0.61Protein % 22.34 22.56 22.4 22.5 22.4 22.5 0.67IMF % 2.50a 2.09b 2.24 2.35 2.48a 2.1b 0.6Ash % 1.14a 1.18b 1.16 1.16 1.15 1.17 0.07Means with different letters differ at the 5% level.PROC. 15th CONGR. A.S.P.A., PARMA, ITALYITAL.J.ANIM.SCI. VOL. 2 (SUPPL. 1), 397-399, 2003 399* ASPA - Atti corretti  27-12-2005  16:39  Pagina 399

Cinta Senese and Large White x Cinta Senese raised on pasture in wood: sample join composition and meat quality

https://flore.unifi.it/bitstream/2158/238651/1/Cinta%20e%20incrocioinwoodsample%20join%20comp%20IJAS2003-1.pdf

Cinta Senese and Large White x Cinta Senese raised on pasture in wood: sample join composition and meat quality

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Florence Research