Arbelo, Orlando Coto

Díaz Solares, Maykelis

López, Leonor Mora

Wencomo Cárdenas, Hilda B.

Álvarez González, Alba

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress Morphoagronomic and Isoenzymatic Characterization of 23 Accessions of Leucaena spp Hilda B. Wencomo Cárdenas Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes, Cuba Alba Álvarez González Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear, Cuba Leonor Mora López Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear, Cuba Orlando Coto Arbelo Instituto de Investigaciones de Fruticultura Tropical, Cuba Maykelis Díaz Solares Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes, Cuba Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/16-1/20 The XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 瞯 ]818　 瞯 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Integrated Management of Harmful Organisms of Grasslands/RangelandsMorphoagronomic and isoenzymatic characterization of 23 accessions of Leucaena sppH ilda B . Wencomo Cárdenas1 ,A lba álv arez González 2 ,1 , Leonor Mora López 2 , Orlando Coto A rbelo3 Maykelis Dí azSolares11 Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes (EEPF) �Indio H atuey" . Central Espa鼻a Republicana , Perico , Matanz as . E‐mail : hilda .wencomo＠ indio .atenas .in f .cu , wencomo＠ yahoo .es2 Centro de A p licaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEA DEN ) . 5ta y 30 , ＃ 502 , M iramar , Playa , C . H abana ,Cuba . e‐mail : aalvarez＠ ceaden .edu .cu3 Instituto de Investigaciones de Fruticultura T rop ical ( I IFT ) . 7ma e / 30 y 32 , M iramar , Playa , C . H abana , Cuba . e‐mail : me joramiento＠ ii f t .cuKey words : Leucaena ,genetic resources ,variability ,isoenzymesAntecedents and objectives Leucaena leucocephala ( Lam .) de Witt , is the species that has been most used throughout the worldand has been widely studied in animal feeding . In Cuba , the main studies of characterization and identification of this specieshave focused mainly on morphoagronomic characteristics under field conditions , or in isolated trials , including only the fourvarieties recorded as commercial ( cv . Ipil‐Ipil ;cv . Perú ;cv . Cunningham and cv . CNIA‐２５０ ) . The electrophoresis ofisoenzymes favored the use of more efficient genetic markers than the morphological markers in many occasions . In spite ofbeing influenced by the environmental action and depending on the tissue and developmental stage of the plant that is evaluated ,these relatively simple , cheap and co‐dominant markers , allow us to distinguish the homozygous and heterozygous genotypes ,and thus develop studies of mapping and binding , population genetics , etc . (Bretting and Widrlechner , １９９５) . The objective ofthis work was the morphoagronomic and isoenzymatic ( esterases , peroxidases and alcohol dehydrogenases) characterization of asample of ２３ accessions that included five species of the Leucaena genus ( L . leucocephala , L . lanceolada , L . diversifolia , L .macrophylla y L . esculenta) .Methodologies The study was conducted in areas of the Experimental Station of Pastures and Forages �Indio Hatuey" , in plantsthat were six years old . Plant height and stem diameter at １３０ cm above the soil surface were measured , and the number ofbranches was counted monthly , on four plants . The number of pinnas per leaf , pinnulas per pinna , dimension and form of thefoliole ; type and position of the glands ; and forthe fruit : number of fruits per glomerule , length and width , opening , texture ,length and width of the seeds , color and form ; and for the flowers : position of the glomerule , quantity and color , were alsodetermined . The isoenzymatic analyses were conducted on new regrow th of each of the accessions evaluated , by the standardmethodology of Chamberlain , Hughes and Galway (１９９６) . The specific stains were carried out for peroxidases ( Prx EC . 1 .11 .1 .7) , α‐and β‐esterases ( Est EC . 3 .1 .1 ) , and alcohol dehydrogenases ( A dh EC . 1 .1 .1 .1 ) , according to 樿 lvarez ,Fuentes ,Deus ,Duque and González (２０００ ) . The electrophoretic runs were repeated at least three times and only theconsistent and reproducible bands were recorded . The isoenzymatic phenotypes of each accession were recorded as presence/absence of each band ( ０ /１ , respectively ) . The analyses were conducted with the statistical program SPSS version 11 .5 . Thebinary matrix of isoenymatic data ( eliminating the redundant bands) was used to generate a matrix of genetic distances amongall the genotype pairs , expressed as the complement of Dice摧s coefficient ( Dice , １９４５ ) , using the program SIMQUAL of thestatistical pack NTSYS‐pc .Results and Discussion The qualitative analysis of the electrophoretic composition of α‐and β‐esterases and peroxidases in the leaftissue , allowed us to observe a total of ２２ bands in the ２３ accessions studied . In the electrophoretic diagram of isoenzymes Prx ,the existence of a high degree of polymorphism was detected regarding the percentage of polymorphic bands , although only ４isoenzymatic patterns were detected in the whole sample . This system showed a total of nine well‐defined bands , being differentthe accessions L . macrophy lla CIAT‐１７２３２ ( １９ ) , belonging to pattern ３ and L . esculenta CIAT‐１７２２５ ( ２２ ) . Similarisoenzymatic polymorphism was observed in the composition of α‐y β‐Est , which allowed , to differentiate the presence of bandsin the accession L . macrophy lla CIAT‐１７２３２ (１９) w ith regards to the other accessions . In this isoenzymatic system a total of１３ bands were observed , of which number one is common for all the accessions . Likewise , it could be observed that no isoformsA dh appeared in leaf tissue , this is in agreement with the statements by Loulakakis and Roubelakis ( １９９０) ; Menezes , Donizetiand Mota (１９９５) , who reported that under normal conditions , the enzymatic activity of these systems disappears in very earlystages of plant development , although they can be induced when conditions of anaerobiosis are present ( Iglesias , １９９４) .Conclusions and Recommendations There is variability among the species and accessions of Leucaena regarding the evaluatedindicators . The analysis of genetic diversity allowed us to differentiate L . leucocephala with higher clarity than the otherspecies studied , although there was no gain regarding differentiation within the species . The isoenzymatic systems ( esterases yperoxidases) turned out to be polymorphic in the sample studied , mainly the esterases . To conduct other studies with theselected accessions is recommended , correlating the isoenzymatic polymorphism to molecular markers and the mainmorphoagronomic characteristics evaluated .

Morphoagronomic and Isoenzymatic Characterization of 23 Accessions of \u3ci\u3eLeucaena\u3c/i\u3e spp

https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3668&amp;context=igc

Morphoagronomic and Isoenzymatic Characterization of 23 Accessions of \u3ci\u3eLeucaena\u3c/i\u3e spp

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