Acharya, S. N.

Krause, D. O.

McAllister, T. A.

Ominski, K. H.

Wang, Y.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress Tannin Contents of Sainfoin (Onobrycyhis viciifolia Scop) Grown with or without Irrigation and Harvested at Different Growth Stages Y. Wang Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada, Canada T. A. McAllister Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada, Canada S. N. Acharya Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada, Canada K. H. Ominski University of Manitoba, Canada D. O. Krause University of Manitoba, Canada Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/15-1/20 The XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　 瞯 667　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems ——— Forage Quality ,Conservation and UtilizationTannin contents of sainfoin (Onobrycyhis vicii folia Scop) grown with or without irrigation andharvested at different growth stagesY . Wang 1 倡 , T .A . McAllister 1 , S .N . Acharya1 , K .H . Ominski2 , D .O . K rause21 Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Research Centre , P .O . Box 3000 , Lethbridge , A lberta , Canada T1J 4B1 ; E‐mail :wangy ＠ agr .gc .ca ; 2 Department o f Animal Science , University o f Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada R3T 2N2Key words : condensed tannins ,growing conditions ,growth stage ,in vitro DMD ,sainfoinIntroduction Sainfoin ( Onobrychis vicii f olia ) is a perennial legume with high dry matter ( DM ) yield that is ideally suited forgrazing , haymaking and silage conservation ( Frame et al . , １９９８ ) . The presence of condensed tannins ( CT ) in sainfoin forageis believed responsible for its non‐bloating status , the high efficiency with which its protein is utilized and the consequentimprovements in animal performance when sainfoin is fed ( McMahon et al . , １９９９ ) . The variation in CT content among sainfoinvarieties and the impact of growth stage on their concentration are not well understood . The objective of this study was tomeasure CT concentration in four varieties of sainfoin at four different stages of growth .Materials and methods Four populations of sainfoin ( L３４０１ , L３５１１ , L３５１９ and Nova) were seeded under rain‐fed or rain‐fedplus irrigated conditions using a randomized complete block design replicated four times . Irrigated plots received approximately７５ mm of water per month during the growing season . Swards were harvested at ４ growth stages ( vegetative growth , full bud ,early bloom and late bloom) during primary growth and again during re‐growth . To facilitate re‐growth , half of each plot wascut to ～ １２ cm height at first harvest of vegetative growth . Harvested materials were freeze‐dried or oven‐dried ( at ５５ ℃ ) andall were analysed for extractable CT ( ECT ; Terrill et al . , １９９２ ) and for in vitro DM disappearance ( IVDMD) and true Ndisappearance ( IVTND ; Wang et al ., ２００６ ) . Data were analyzed using the MIXED ANOVA procedure of SAS and treatmenteffects were tested using LSMEANS with the PDIFF procedure ( SAS , １９９９ ) .Results and discussion Levels of ECT were highest ( P ＜ ０ .０１ ) in Nova and lowest ( P ＜ ０ .０１ ) in L３４０１ ( Table １ ) . Irrespectiveof population or forage growth ( primary vs . re‐growth) , ECT concentrations were highest ( P ＜ ０ .０１ ) in vegetative and fullbud stages , and higher ( P ＜ ０ .０１ ) in early bloom than in late bloom . The ECT content was higher ( P ＜ ０ .００１ ) in re‐growthforage than in primary growth , irrespective of population or growth stage . Total rainfall ( Apr .‐Aug .) was １８３ mm . Irrigationdid not affect ECT content . These trends are likely related to proportion of leaf in the forage , and the evolutionary role of CTfor defense against herbivory . More ( P ＜ ０ .００１ ) ECT was detected following freeze‐drying than after oven‐drying , likelybecause of oxidation of tannins and formation of complexes between tannins and other compounds during oven drying .Increasing ECT concentrations in the forage were associated with a linear ( ６０ .２９ ‐ ０ .１０６ECT ; R２ ＝ ０ .３９０ ) decrease inIVDMD , and a quadratic (７３ .７５ ＋ ０ .０３７ECT２‐ ０ .８２１ECT ; R２ ＝ ０ .６１５ ) decrease in IVTND .Table 1 Mean concentrations ( mg/ g DM ) o f extractable condensed tannins ( ECT ) in f our populations o f sain f oin atdi f f erent stages o f growth (n ＝ ４ ) .Sainfoin typeDrying method Forage type Stage of growthFreezedried Oven‐dried PrimarygrowthForagere‐growth VegetativeFullbud Earlybloom LatebloomL３４０１ ５１ .８ ３７ .２ ３４ .５ ５４ .５ ４６ .６ ５１ .６ ４３ .６ ３６ .３L３５１１ ５５ .３ ４０ .３ ３３ .３ ６２ .４ ５２ .６ ４９ .９ ４８ .４ ４０ .６L３５１９ ５８ .６ ４６ .１ ４０ .６ ６４ .１ ５５ .７ ５７ .９ ４９ .９ ４５ .９Nova ７５ .０ ５２ .７ ４９ .７ ７８ .０ ７１ .５ ６７ .０ ６１ .８ ５５ .１SEMz ２ .５９ ‐２ ． ５９ ３ ． ８６z SEM : Standard error of the mean .Conclusions Concentration of CT in sainfoin forage varied among lines , decreased with forage maturity , and increased during re‐growth . Their effects were less pronounced on IVDMD than on IVTND .ReferencesFrame , J . , Charlton , J .F .L . , Laidlaw , A .S . １９９８ . Alsike clover and sainfoin . In : Frame J , Charlton JFL , Laidlaw AS( Eds .) . Temperate Forage Legumes . CAB International , Walling f ord , pp . ２７３‐２８９ .McMahon , L .R . , Majak , W . , McAllister , T .A . , Hall , J .W . , Jones , G .A . , Popp , J .D . ,Cheng , K .‐J . , １９９９ , Effect ofsainfoin on in vitro digestion of fresh alfalfa and bloat in steers . Canadian Journal o f Animal Science ７９ , ２０３‐２１２ .

Tannin Contents of Sainfoin (\u3ci\u3eOnobrycyhis viciifolia\u3c/i\u3e Scop) Grown with or without Irrigation and Harvested at Different Growth Stages

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Tannin Contents of Sainfoin (\u3ci\u3eOnobrycyhis viciifolia\u3c/i\u3e Scop) Grown with or without Irrigation and Harvested at Different Growth Stages

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