Hosokawa, Hisashi

Ibuki, Toshihiko

Inoue, Hidehiko

Kanno, Tsutomu

Kurokawa, Shunji

Mano, Yoshiro

Morita, Souichiro

Nakao, Seiji

Sato, Setsuro

Sumida, Noritoshi

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress Varietal Difference in the Pre‐Germination Flooding Tolerance of Commercial Cultivars of Silage Corn and the Availability of a Ridge‐Making Seeder for the Avoidance of Wet Injury to Corn Seeds Tsutomu Kanno National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Souichiro Morita National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Shunji Kurokawa National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Setsuro Sato National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Yoshiro Mano National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/14-1/40 The XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. Presenter Information Tsutomu Kanno, Souichiro Morita, Shunji Kurokawa, Setsuro Sato, Yoshiro Mano, Toshihiko Ibuki, Noritoshi Sumida, Hidehiko Inoue, Seiji Nakao, and Hisashi Hosokawa This event is available at UKnowledge: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/14-1/40 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　 瞯 ]589　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Seed Science and TechnologyVarietal difference in the pre‐germination flooding tolerance of commercial cultivars of silagecorn and the availability of a ridge‐making seeder for the avoidance of wet injury to corn seedsTsutomu K anno1 , Souichiro Morita1 , Shunj i K urokawa1 , Setsuro Sato1 , Yoshiro Mano1 ,Toshihiko Ibuki1 , Noritoshi Sumida1 , H idehiko Inoue1 , Sei j i Nakao1 , and H isashi Hosokawa21 National Institute o f L ivestock and Grassland Science , Nasushiobara , Tochigi 329‐2793 , Jap an2 National A gricultural Research Center Hokuriku Research Center , Jyoetsu , N igata 943‐0193 , JapanE‐mail :tsuto＠ af f rc .go .j pKey words : flooding tolerance , ridge‐making seeder , Zea mays L .Introduction Silage corn (Zea mays L .) is the most available forage species in Japan with high productivity and high foragequality . However , flood damage or wet injury will sometimes occur in silage corn , especially when planted in upland paddyfields . In this study , the varietal difference in pre‐germination flooding tolerance was examined among commercial silage corncultivars in Japan ( Experiment１) . Moreover , the availability of a ridge‐making seeder was evaluated as a new seeding techniquefor the avoidance of wet injury to corn seeds ( Experiment ２) .Materials and methods Experiment 1 : The pre‐germination flooding tolerance ( FT ) of ５１ and ７６ commercial corn cultivars wasexamined with a laboratory germination test in ２００５ and ２００６ , respectively . FT was evaluated as the percentage of agermination rate in a water‐soaking treatment ( at ２５o C for eight days ) to that in a control treatment . In ２００７ , FT wascompared among six cultivars in outdoor conditions : ２０ seeds of each cultivar were sown in a container ( ２５cm x ３５cm x ７cm)filled with soil with five replications , soaked in a water for eight days , and then kept in a glasshouse for two weeks formeasuring the seedling emergence rate .Experiment 2 : The ridge‐making seeder used in this study was composed of a rotary tiller (１７０cm in width) and two seeders ,and its rotary blades were arranged for making １０‐１５ cm ridges . The experimental site was an upland paddy field in which thewater table was high , so that water logging would occur easily af ter rain . On June ５ ,２００７ , seeds of cultivar KD６４０ were sownwith a non‐ridge‐making seeding method ( conventional method) and the ridge‐making method with four replications . Each plotconsisted of two rows of １０m : each row width was ７５cm , and the planting space within each row was １９cm . Two days afterthe seed sowing , it rained heavily (５５mm per day) , and seedling emergency was severely restricted . Then , on June １３ , ２００７ ,the seedling emergency rate was measured in each plot .Results and discussion Ex periment 1 : Both in ２００５ and ２００６ , varietal difference was observed in FT among the corn cultivarsexamined . The FTs of cultivars DK７０８ , DKC６１‐２ , ３４N４３ , ３１N２７ , Cecilia and�３４７０�were higher than average both in ２００５and ２００６ . Therefore , the FT of those cultivars was compared again in an outdoor condition in ２００７ : ３１N２７ and Cecilia showedsignificantly higher seedling emergence rates than the other cultivars , and were evaluated as high tolerance cultivars for pre‐germination flood damage .Experiment 2 : In the ridge‐making treatment , the height of the ridges was １１ .９cm on average , and their height was ６ cmhigher than the soil surface of the non‐ridge‐making treatment . Seed depth was approximately the same in the two treatments .Because of the flood damage , the seedling emergency rate in the non‐ridge‐making treatment was only ０ .７％ , while it was ４６ .３％ in the ridge‐making treatment . Though severe flood damage was observed even in the ridge‐making treatment plots , thelarge difference in the emergency rate between the two treatments indicated the availability of the ridge‐making method foravoiding flood damage to the corn seeds .Table 1 Height o f the ridges , seed dep th and the seedling emergency rate af ter rain .T reatment Height of the ridges１ ) ( cm) Seed depth２ ) ( cm) Seedling emergency rate ( ％ )Non‐ridge‐making ５ 崓.８９ ± １ .１５ ３ -.８８ ± ０ .８３ ０ ~.７ ± ０ .９Ridge‐making １１ い.９０ ± １ .４５ ３ -.６８ ± ０ .２１ ４６ ~.３ ± ３１ .８Note : １ ) The height of the soil surface level from the lowest part of the experimental site . ２ ) Distance from the soil surface to the soils .Conclusion Cultivars ３１N２７ and Cecilia were evaluated as high tolerance cultivars for the pre‐germination flood damage , and theridge‐making seeder was available for the avoidance of flood damage to corn seeds .ReferenceHosokawa , H . ２００４ . Rotary tilling and the ridge‐making implement of soybean for avoiding wet injury in a clay upland fieldconverted from a paddy field . Journal o f the Japanese Society o f A gricultural Machinery ６６(５) , １４‐１６ .

Varietal Difference in the Pre‐Germination Flooding Tolerance of Commercial Cultivars of Silage Corn and the Availability of a Ridge‐Making Seeder for the Avoidance of Wet Injury to Corn Seeds

https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3536&context=igc

Varietal Difference in the Pre‐Germination Flooding Tolerance of Commercial Cultivars of Silage Corn and the Availability of a Ridge‐Making Seeder for the Avoidance of Wet Injury to Corn Seeds

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