De, Ying

Wang, Yuqing

Xu, Chunbo

Zhao, Laixi

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress Distribution Law and Utilizable Potentialities of Three Kinds of Clover Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang Laixi Zhao Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Yuqing Wang Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Chunbo Xu Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Ying De Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/13-2/25 The XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 瞯 ]518　 瞯 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Domestication of Native Grasslands/Rangelands Plants for Regional UseDistribution law and utilizable potentialities of three kinds of clover germplasm resources inXinjiangZhao L aix i , W ang Yuqing , X u Chunbo and De Y ingG rassland Research Institute , CA A S , Hohhot 010010 , PRC . E‐mail :z haolaix i3630＠ sina .comKey words :Xinjiang , clover , germplasm resources , distribution law , utilizable potentialitiesIntroduction According to the flora of China , the Xinjiang flora ismainlya forage base utilized as a grassland resource . ,T ri f olium reportedly has six wild species or escape species in Xinjiang . By investigation and collection across a series of ofpoints , lines , and surfaces , we gathered ９５ accessions of important germplasm materials , including ４７ accessions of whiteclover , ３４ accessions of red clover , and １４ accessions of strawberry clover . From the accessions of germplasm and collectionlocation , we can determine the basic law of distribution .Distribution law and eco‐biological characteristics Through １９９８ in the southern part of Xinjiang region , ２００２ and ２００７ in thenorthern part of Xinjiang region , field investigation , collection , and related research information of the key forage germplasmresources show : (１) There is no distribution of T ri f olium in most of southern part of Xinjiang region , mainly distributes inTianshan Mountains , Altai , northwest of Junggar hilly area and a few adjacent similar mesophytic regions . ( ２ ) There areobvious differences in distribution and scope of three kinds of clover . ( See table １ ) . White clover mainly is distributed in thewest and middle of Tianshan , Altai , and can become a dominant species , subdominant or companion species . Red clover ismainly distributed in Yili River valley , Erqis River valley , northern slope of western Tianshan Mountains and Altai , and canbecome a dominant species or companion species . The upper elevation of distribution of strawberry clover is below white cloverand red clover , and the lower level of elevation is similar to white clover or lower . ( ３ ) Distribution habitat and eco‐biologicalcharacteristics vary for the different species . The adaptability of white clover is the widest . Drought tolerance , cold resistance ,sterile resistance , acid resistance and alkali resistance of red clover are inferior to white clover . Strawberry clover摧scharacteristics are flood‐enduring , waterlogging‐resistant , saline‐alkali tolerant , drought tolerant ; these are slightly strongerthan white clover摧s .Table 1 Comparision o f the distribution and eco‐biological characteristics o f three kinds o f clover .Name Collected location Habitat Elevation(m) Main characteristicsWhite clover Shawan county , Wusu county ,Nileke county , etc . Mountain meadow steppe ,Desert oasis , etc . ４９８‐２４２８ 亮The distribution is themost widespreadRed clover Nileke county , Xinyuan county ,Gongliu county , etc . Mountain steppe ,Riverside , etc . ７９４‐１９１０ 亮The distribution iswidespreadStrawberryclover Xinyuan county , Tekesi county ,Wenquan county , etc . Valley , Riverside , desertoasis , etc . ４９８‐１６１７ 亮The distribution is notwidespreadUtilization White clover and red clover are famous as desirable cultivated forage in the world , are also good turf plants . Thehistory of utilization , the area of cultivation , and the number of varieties are slightly lower than lucerne , a most importantLegume . Wild white clover and red clover are widespread in Tianshan Mountains and Altai . They are playing an extremelyimportant role in grassland animal husbandry . However , now white clover and red clover are still in a natural system , andconscious artificial domestication and breeding are extremely weak ; understanding of the preciousness and importance is stillinadequate . For example , local lawn producers , still buy foreign clover varieties , rather than focus on domestication ,cultivation and utilization of their own wild resources . Positive domesticating and nurturing high‐quality , high‐yield , desirablevarietiesresistant to grazing and mowing , and establishing high‐quality , stable and high‐yielding artificial grasslands , are themain direction for utilization of these findings . Domesticating and cultivating good turf plants is a secondary direction . Sincewild strawberry clover is low growing , highly creeping , and roots at the nodes , domesticating and nurturing good turf plantsfrom this species isalso an important direction .Protection Clover germplasm resources of Xinjiang in China are not only the most abundant , but also the unique terrain ,topography , andclimate , make clover germplasm resources produced in Tianshan Mountains and Altai extremely valuable , forexploration and utilization . In recent years , scientists from home and abroad are very concerned about the resource . Manyforeign researchers frequently go to Yili grassland and Altai , which has aroused attention of local authorities , and they havetaken certain restrictive measures , which is necessary to effectively protect our precious forage germplasm resources . But themore effective countermeasure is a comprehensive collection , and ex situ conservation should be conducted as soon as possible ,to establish certain original habitat protection areas or points so that precious forage germplasm resources can be properlyprotected . This measure has an important role and significance for in‐depth study and exploration of the future .ReferencesCui Nairan , １９９４ . Xinjiang mainly feed flora . volume ２ , X inj iang Publishing House o f Science and Technology Health .Xu Peng , １９９３ . Xinjiang Grassland Resources and Utilization , X inj iang Publishing House o f Science and TechnologyHealth .

Distribution Law and Utilizable Potentialities of Three Kinds of Clover Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang

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Distribution Law and Utilizable Potentialities of Three Kinds of Clover Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang

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