Li, F. M.

Shan, L.

Xu, B. C.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress Aboveground Biomass Production of Switchgrass and Sainfoin on Loess Plateau of China B. C. Xu Chinese Academy of Sciences, China F. M. Li Chinese Academy of Sciences, China L. Shan Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/13-2/17 The XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　 瞯 ]505　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Domestication of Native Grasslands/Rangelands Plants for Regional UseAboveground biomass production of switchgrass and sainfoin on Loess Plateau of ChinaB .C . Xu 1 ,2 , F .M . L i 1 ,2 , L . Shan 11 S tate Key L aboratory o f Soil Erosion and Dry land Farming on Loess Plateau , ISWC , CA S , Northwest A & F University ,Y angling 712100 , China , E‐mail : Bcxu＠ ms .iswc .ac .cn , 2 MOE Key L aboratory o f A rid and G rassland Ecology , L anz houUniversity , L anz hou 730000 , ChinaKey words : actual yield loss ( AYL) ,aggressiveness ( A ) ,land equivalent ratio ( LER) ,sainfoin ,switchgrassIntroduction In the semiarid , hilly‐gully region in the Loess Plateau of China , it is critical to find sustainable , rational croppingpatterns for various grass species . Intercropping has long been used as one dryland farming practice in China , particularly inrainfed areas . While most of the plants used in mixtures have been annual crops , the objective of this study was to investigatebiomass production of a perennial introduced grass ( switchgrass , Panicum v irgatum L .) and a perennial legume ( sainfoin ,Onobrychis v iciae f olia L .) under a ２ :１ row‐replacement intercropping system compared to a monoculture .Materials and methods Field experiments were conducted in five consecutive years from ２００１ to ２００５ at Ansai Research Station ,Chinese Academy of Science , Shaanxi Province , (３６°５１′３０＂N ; １０９°１９′２３＂E ; elev . １ ,０６８m) , which has a mean annual rainfallof ５４０ mm . The loess soil was characterized as silt loam with low available N and P , and high available K . T reatments were :１ ) pure switchgrass , ２ ) pure sainfoin and ３ ) mixed switchgrass and sainfoin in ２ :１ row‐replacement . Each treatment wasreplicated four times and arranged in a randomized complete block design . Aboveground biomass was sampled at the end of eachgrowing season . Three competitive indices ( AYL , A and LER) were used to evaluate intercropping . Data were analyzed bystandard ANOVA at P ＝ ０ .０５ .Results Intercropping reduced the aboveground biomass of sainfoin significantly compared to grow th in a pure stand ( Table １) .Partial AYLa of sainfoin during ２００１‐２００４ gave positive values , indicating yield gain , while partial AYLb of switchgrass wasnegative in ２００２ and ２００５ , showing yield loss ( Table ２ ) . The higher value of AYLa than AYLb during ２００１‐２００４ wasconsistent with the positive Aab . This revealed that sainfoin was the dominant species whereas switchgrass was the dominantspecies before ２００３ . LER ＞ １ .０ during ２００１‐２００４ . The aggressiveness of sainfoin compared to switchgrass ( Aab) decreasedgradually in subsequent years .Table 1 Yearly biomass p roduction ( g m‐２ ) o f sw itchgrass and sain f oin in monocultures and mix tures (V alues w ithin a rowf ollowed by di f f erent letters w ithout a bracket are signi f icantly di f f erent , and v alues w ithin a column f ollowed bydi f f erent letters w ithin a bracket are signi f icantly di f f erent .)Year ２００１ w２００２ 葺２００３ B２００４ è２００５  Mean ± S .E .Sole switchgrass ３０５ 抖.７ d ( b) １６５５ 9.４ a ( a) １２５２ 煙.４ c ( a) １３４２  .５ c ( a) １４６０ f.３ b ( a) １２０３ 5.３ ± １８ .６ ( a)Sole sainfoin ３３２ 构.８ d ( a) １３６８ 5.４ a ( b) ８７４ �.９ b ( b) ９２３ 骀.６ b ( b) ７４５ P.１ c ( b) ８４８ 1.９ ± ７ .２ ( b)Switchgrass ＋sainfoin (２ :１ ) ３２３ 构.７ d ( a) ８４８ $.６ c ( c) ９２０ �.８ b ( b) ９５８ 殚.５ a ( b) ６２６ P.８ b ( c) ７３５ 6.７ ± ７ .４ ( c)Table 2 Competition indices o f sain f oin (crop a) and sw itchgrass (crop b) based on yearly biomass in mix ture .Year ２００１ 趑２００２ 北２００３ n２００４ +２００５ 梃Mean( S .E .)AYLa ＋ ３ 櫃.５５ ＋ ０ V.６０ ＋ ０  .８４ ＋ ０ 行.２９ ‐０ n.７６ ＋ ０ 览.９０ (０ .０４)AYLb ＋ ０ 櫃.１５ ‐０ 7.１７ ＋ ０  .３３ ＋ ０ 行.３９ ‐０ n.０７ ＋ ０ 览.１３ (０ .０３)AYL ＋ ３ 櫃.７０ ＋ ０ V.４１ ＋ １  .１７ ＋ ０ 行.６７ ‐０ n.８２ ＋ １ 览.０３ (０ .０７)LER ＋ ２ 櫃.２９ ＋ １ V.０８ ＋ １  .５１ ＋ １ 行.３５ ＋ ０ 崓.７０ ＋ １ 览.３８ (０ .０３)Aab ３ j.４１ ０ '.７６ ０ 滗.５０ ‐０ 北.１０ ‐０ n.６９ ＋ ０ 览.７７ (０ .０２)Conclusions Intercropping of switchgrass and sainfoin in a ２ :１ row replacement system reduced biomass production ofswitchgrass .Which considerable biomass , especially during years four or five .The morphological and physiological causes forthe differences between monocultures and mixtures need further investigation .

Aboveground Biomass Production of Switchgrass and Sainfoin on Loess Plateau of China

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Aboveground Biomass Production of Switchgrass and Sainfoin on Loess Plateau of China

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