Baker, J. L.

Black, J.

Bouton, Joseph H.

Hopkins, Andrew A.

Saha, M. C.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress Breeding Small Grains for Forage Production in the Southern Great Plains of the USA M. C. Saha Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation J. L. Baker Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation J. Black Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Andrew A. Hopkins Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Joseph H. Bouton Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/12-2/43 The XXI International Grassland Congress / VIII International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 瞯 ]424　 瞯 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Developing Improved PlantsBreeding small grains for forage production in the southern Great Plains of the USAM . C . Saha , J . L . Baker , J . Black , A . A . Hopkins , J . H . BoutonForage Imp rovement Div ision , Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation , Inc . , 2510 Sam Noble Parkw ay , A rdmore , OK 73401 ,USA . E‐mail : mcsaha＠ noble .orgKey words : forage yield , rye , wheat , oatIntroduction Agricultural income in the southern Great Plains of USA is largely dependent on livestock and forage production .Livestock producers in this region do not have much choice but to graze their animals during the fall and winter seasons . Thus ,distribution of forage yield is as important as the total forage yield . Small grains grown under cooler conditions also havesuperior forage quality ( Maloney et al . １９９９ ) . The main focus of Noble Foundation摧s small grain breeding program is todevelop improved cultivars with potential for early fall‐winter forage production . The crops of our choice are rye , triticale ,wheat , and oat .Materials and methods Field experiments were conducted at the Noble Foundation摧s farms in southern Oklahoma , USA .Cultivars were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications . Seeds were sown during mid to lateSeptember and standard cultural practices were followed . Plants were grown under dryland conditions . Individual plots wereclipped when the plants attained a height of ８‐１０ inches . Yield obtained between November and March is considered as Fall‐Winter yields and later harvests are considered as Spring yields . Data were analyzed following the standard statisticalprocedure .Results and discussion �Maton II�a rye cultivar was released in ２００６ which produced ５５％ more fall‐winter forage and ６％ moretotal forage than�Maton�( Figure １ ) . Rye cultivar had more uniform seasonal forage production which supports earlier finding( Bruckner and Raymer １９９０) . One of each wheat ( NF９４１２０) and oat ( NF２７) cultivars is in the process to release . NF９４１２０ isa soft‐red winter wheat which produced more total ( ６ .２８ Mg ha‐１ ) and early fall‐winter ( ２ .８０ Mg ha‐１ ) dry forage than thecommonly grown wheat cultivars in southern Oklahoma trials . NF２７ is a facultative winter‐type oat with prolific grow th habitand excellent fall‐winter forage potential . During six years (２００１‐２００６) of testing , the average fall‐winter and total forage yieldof NF２７ was ２５％ and ６％ higher than the check cultivar �Dallas�, respectively . A grazing trial has been initiated to test howthese cultivars or their combinations can extend the grazing season . Initial fall grazing indicated there was no difference betweenentries for average daily gain , but NF２７ had superior lamb grazing days .Figure 1 Fall‐w inter and total y ield potential o f small grains ( rye , oat , and wheat ) in the southern G reat Plains . Y ieldswere averaged across six years per f ormance at two locations , A rdmore and Bournev ille , OK , USA .Conclusions Both fall‐winter and total forage yield of rye cultivars were superior compared to oat and wheat lines/ cultivars .Selection for early fall‐winter forage was effective in all the small grains under investigation . Superior rye cultivar , Maton II ,was released in ２００６ . Wheat ( NF９４１２０) and oat ( NF２７) lines are in release process .ReferencesMaloney , T .S . , Oplinger , E .S . , Albrecht , K .A . , １９９９ . Small grains for fall and spring forage . J . Prod . A gric . １２ :４８８‐４９４ .Bruckner , P .L . , Raymer , P .L . , １９９０ . Factors influencing species and cultivar choice of small grains for winter forage . J .Prod . A gric . ３ :３４９‐３５５ .

Breeding Small Grains for Forage Production in the Southern Great Plains of the USA

https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3348&context=igc

Breeding Small Grains for Forage Production in the Southern Great Plains of the USA

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