This research examines the profound Cuban-Venezuelan relationship and the immense influence Cuba has in Venezuelan politics and society. By looking at Cuban involvement in both the Venezuelan government’s social programs and the Venezuelan military, this study explores the degree to which Cuba can be held responsible for the longevity of “Chavismo” in Venezuela. In many ways, the implementation of Hugo Chávez’s “Bolívarian Revolution” and the survival of Nicolás Maduro’s government rest largely in the hands of the Cubans
