Dankert, J.

Hoepelman, A.I.M.

Lipovsky, M.M.

van Elden, L.J.R.

Walenkamp, A.M.E.

UvA-DARE

Does the capsule component of the Cryptococcus neoformans glucuronoxylomannan impair transendothelial migration of leukocytes in patients with Cryptococcal meningitis? (letter)

International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion online publications

UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl)UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)Does the capsule component of the Cryptococcus neoformansglucuronoxylomannan impair transendothelial migration of leukocytes in patientswith Cryptococcal meningitis? (letter)Lipovsky, M.M.; van Elden, L.J.R.; Walenkamp, A.M.E.; Dankert, J.; Hoepelman, A.I.M.Publication date1998Published inThe Journal of Infectious DiseasesLink to publicationCitation for published version (APA):Lipovsky, M. M., van Elden, L. J. R., Walenkamp, A. M. E., Dankert, J., & Hoepelman, A. I. M.(1998). Does the capsule component of the Cryptococcus neoformans glucuronoxylomannanimpair transendothelial migration of leukocytes in patients with Cryptococcal meningitis?(letter). The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 178(4), 1231-1232.General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s)and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an opencontent license (like Creative Commons).Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, pleaselet the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the materialinaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letterto: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Youwill be contacted as soon as possible.Download date:11 Mar 20231231JID 1998;178 (Oc ober) Correspondence4. Konya J, Thompson CH, de Zwar -S effe RT. Enzyme-linked immunosor- unknown fac ors o her han sub ypes of MCV DNA par icipa e inben assay for measuremen of IgG an ibody o molluscum con agiosum he divergence of he wo an igenic polypep ides.virus and inves iga ion of he serological rela edness of he molecularypes. J Virol Me hods 1992;40:183–94.Takahiro Watanabe, Shigeru orikawa, Kenji Suzuki,Tatsuo iyamura, Kunihiko Tamaki, and Yoshiaki UedaReprin s or correspondence: Dr. C. Thompson, Dep . of Infec ious Diseases,Departments of Virology II, Virology I, and Pathology, NationalLevel 6, Blackburn Bldg. (D06), Universi y of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006,Institute of Infectious Diseases; Department of Dermatology, Faculty ofAus ralia (carol @infdis.usyd.edu.au).edicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanThe Journal of Infec ious Diseases 1998;178:1230–1 1998 by he Infec ious Diseases Socie y of America. All righ s reserved.0022–1899/98/7804–0055$02.00 References1. Thompson CH. Immunoreac ive pro eins of molluscum con agiosum virusype 1, 1v, and 2 [le er]. J Infec Dis 1998;178:1230–1.2. Wa anabe T, Morikawa S, Suzuki K, Miyamura T, Tamaki K, Ueda Y.ReplyTwo major an igenic polypep ides of molluscum con agiosum virus. JInfec Dis 1998;177:284–92.To the Editor—We apprecia e he commen s of Thompson [1],3. Konya J, Thompson CH, de Zwar -S effe RT. Enzyme-linked immunosor-who kindly provided some da a supplemen ary o our findings [2]. ben assay for measuremen of IgG an ibody o molluscum con agiosumAs originally s a ed, we failed o find an associa ion of serum virus and inves iga ion of he serological rela ionship of he molecularreac ivi y wi h clinical profiles, including pa ien age or sex or ypes. J Virol Me hods 1992;40:183–94.dura ion, si e, or number of molluscum lesions. Al hough Thomp- 4. Nakamura J, Muraki Y, Yamada M, Ha ano Y, Nii S. Analysis of molluscumcon agiosum virus genomes isola ed in Japan. J Med Virol 1995;46:son did no repor a correla ion be ween he rela ive an ibody i er339–48.in heir ELISA sys em and clinical symp oms [3], we hink i5. Oda H, Ohyama Y, Sameshima T, Hirakawa K. S ruc ural polypep ides ofshould be no ed ha 1 of he weakly posi ive sera lacked reac ivi ymolluscum con agiosum virus: heir variabili y in various isola es andwi h 33/35-kDa polypep ides [1]. These resul s sugges ha heloca ion wi hin he virion. J Med Virol 1982;9:19–25.ypes of an ibody may differ according o heir reac ivi y measuredby ELISA. Fur her longi udinal s udies wi h a large popula ion isReprin s or correspondence: Dr. Takahiro Wa anabe, Dep . of Derma ology,necessary o clarify he clinical significance of he wo ypes ofFacul y of Medicine, Universi y of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyoan ibody. 113-0033, Japan (wa anabe -der@h.u- okyo.ac.jp).Unfor una ely, we did no purify molluscum con agiosum virusThe Journal of Infec ious Diseases 1998;178:1231(MCV) virions separa ely, since i was our purpose o ob ain a 1998 by he Infec ious Diseases Socie y of America. All righ s reserved.sufficien amoun of viral DNA o es ablish a library. The ac ual 0022–1899/98/7804–0056$02.00propor ions of MCV sub ypes 1, 1v, and 2 in our pooled samplesremains unknown. However, we hough ha mos of our samplesconsis ed of MCV 1v because a previous large epidemiologic s udyDoes the Capsule Component of the Crypt c ccusrevealed ha sub ype 1v accoun ed for 96% of he s rains isola edne f rmans Glucuronoxylomannan Impairin he Tokyo area [4], and we previously es ablished a genomicTransendothelial igration of Leukocytes in Patientslibrary of MCV 1v [2]. I appears o be possible o discrimina ewith Cryptococcal eningitis?minor differences in molecular masses when various isola es arecompared on he same polyacrylamide gel. In addi ion, we do nohink i is appropria e o es ima e he molecular masses of pro eins To the Editor—The encapsula ed yeas -like fungus Cryptococcuswi h Ç70 and Ç34 kDa on he same polyacrylamide gel. Thomp- neoformans is he leading cause of mycological infec ion of heson [1] poin ed ou ha he size of larger an igenic polypep ides cen ral nervous sys em in pa ien s wi h compromised cell-media edmay have been underes ima ed (figures 1, 2, and 6 in [2]), which immuni y [1]. Recen ly, we demons ra ed ha he cerebrospinalcould be due o he use of higher percen age acrylamide. We fluid (CSF) of pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is con ains highrepea edly performed elec rophoresis using gels a differen con- levels of he neu rophil chemoa rac an in erleukin (IL)-8, despi ecen ra ions and finally de ermined he molecular masses of he wo he fac ha he CSF con ains few neu rophils [2].major an igenic polypep ides. The cryp ococcal capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxyloman-Oda e al. [5] analyzed he s ruc ural polypep ides of MCV by nan (GXM) is presen in serum and CSF of pa ien s wi h cryp ococ-SDS-PAGE. They found ha only wo polypep ides, designa ed cal meningi is, and GXM is known o in erfere wi h neu rophilA and D, which were coinciden ally demons ra ed o be wo major migra ion [3]. We demons ra ed in vi ro ha GXM is capable ofan igenic pro eins [2], among seven major polypep ides differed inducing he produc ion of IL-8 by brain cells, and i also preven sin heir mobili y on acrylamide gel according o he isola es. As- neu rophils from migra ing oward IL-8 [4]. Consequen ly, a highsuming ha , as Thompson repor ed [1], he variabili y of hese ra io of GXM in serum and CSF should correla e wi h a lowwo an igens depends on he ypes of MCV DNA, i migh be CSF leukocy e cell coun in pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is.immunologically impor an because MCV may have undergone Therefore, we compared re rospec ively he GXM i ers in serumchanges in i s surface pro eins during he evolu ionary process in and CSF wi h he CSF leukocy e cell coun s of 35 Du ch humanresponse o he hos . However, i remains o be clarified why each immunodeficiency virus–infec ed pa ien s wi h a cul ure-provenof he polypep ides A and D is recognized as a wide, blurred band, diagnosis of cryp ococcal meningi is be ween 1986 and 1996.ra her han wo discre e bands, when pooled un yped MCV are An igen i ers for he pa ien s were measured wi h commercialki s rou inely used for diagnos ic de ec ion of cryp ococcal an igenanalyzed on SDS-polyacrylamide gel [5]. We believe ha some/ 9d52$$oc54 08-25-98 00:27:05 jinfal UC: J Infect1232 Correspondence JID 1998;178 (Oc ober)Figure 1. Inverse correla ion be ween ra io of leukocy e coun in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cryp ococcal glucuronoxylomannan i ers inserum ([GXM]se) over hose in CSF ([GXM]csf) in 35 pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is.References(mainly Murex Cryp ococcus Tes ; Murex, Ken , UK) and wereob ained wi hin 5 days of he CSF leukocy e cell coun s. Since1. Mi chell TG, Perfec JR. Cryp ococcosis in he era of AIDS—100 yearsGXM can a rac neu rophils [4], he GXM concen ra ion gradienaf er he discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin Microbiol Revover he blood brain barrier (expressed as he ra io of i ers in1995;8:515–48.serum vs. CSF) is expec ed o be more cri ical o he CSF leukocy e2. Chaka WS, Heyderman R, Gangaidzo I, e al. Cy okine profiles in CSFcell coun han are absolu e GXM concen ra ions. Figure 1 demon-of HIV-infec ed pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is: no leukocy osiss ra es a significan inverse correla ion be ween he (log) GXM despi e high IL-8 levels. J Infec Dis 1997;176:1633–6.ra io and he (log) CSF leukocy e cell coun in pa ien s wi h cryp o- 3. Dong ZM, Murphy JW. Effec s of wo varie ies of Cryptococcus neo-coccosis. (Correla ion coefficien of log values: 00.54, n Å 35; formans cells and cul ure fil ra e an igens on neu rophil locomo ion. In-wo-sided P õ .001). These da a sugges ha he in vi ro finding fec Immun 1995;63:2632–44.of in erference of GXM wi h neu rophil migra ion may indeed 4. Lipovsky MM, Gekker G, Hu S, Ehrlich LC, Hoepelman AIM, Pe ersonrepresen a pa hogene ic mechanism in cryp ococcal meningi is. PK. Cryp ococcal glucuronoxylomannan induces in erleukin (IL)-8 pro-duc ion by human microglia bu inhibi s neu rophil migra ion oward IL-8. J Infec Dis 1998;177:260–3.yriam . Lipovsky, Leontine J. R. van Elden,Annemiek . E. Walenkamp, Jacob Dankert, Reprin s or correspondence: Dr. A. I. M. Hoepelman, Universi y Hospi aland Andy I. . Hoepelman U rech , Dep . of Medicine, Division of Infec ious Diseases and AIDS, P.O.Box 85500, 3508 GA U rech , The Ne herlands (I.M.hoepelman@digd.azu.nl).Department of edicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and AIDS,University Hospital Utrecht, and Eijkman-Winkler Institute, Utrecht,The Journal of Infec ious Diseases 1998;178:1231–2and edical icrobiology, Academic edical Center, Amsterdam,  1998 by he Infec ious Diseases Socie y of America. All righ s reserved.0022–1899/98/7804–0057$02.00The Netherlands/ 9d52$$oc54 08-25-98 00:27:05 jinfal UC: J Infect

English

UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl)UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)Does the capsule component of the Cryptococcus neoformansglucuronoxylomannan impair transendothelial migration of leukocytes in patientswith Cryptococcal meningitis? (letter)Lipovsky, M.M.; van Elden, L.J.R.; Walenkamp, A.M.E.; Dankert, J.; Hoepelman, A.I.M.Publication date1998Published inThe Journal of Infectious DiseasesLink to publicationCitation for published version (APA):Lipovsky, M. M., van Elden, L. J. R., Walenkamp, A. M. E., Dankert, J., & Hoepelman, A. I. M.(1998). Does the capsule component of the Cryptococcus neoformans glucuronoxylomannanimpair transendothelial migration of leukocytes in patients with Cryptococcal meningitis?(letter). The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 178(4), 1231-1232.General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s)and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an opencontent license (like Creative Commons).Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, pleaselet the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the materialinaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letterto: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Youwill be contacted as soon as possible.Download date:14 Apr 20231231JID 1998;178 (Oc ober) Correspondence4. Konya J, Thompson CH, de Zwar -S effe RT. Enzyme-linked immunosor- unknown fac ors o her han sub ypes of MCV DNA par icipa e inben assay for measuremen of IgG an ibody o molluscum con agiosum he divergence of he wo an igenic polypep ides.virus and inves iga ion of he serological rela edness of he molecularypes. J Virol Me hods 1992;40:183–94.Takahiro Watanabe, Shigeru orikawa, Kenji Suzuki,Tatsuo iyamura, Kunihiko Tamaki, and Yoshiaki UedaReprin s or correspondence: Dr. C. Thompson, Dep . of Infec ious Diseases,Departments of Virology II, Virology I, and Pathology, NationalLevel 6, Blackburn Bldg. (D06), Universi y of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006,Institute of Infectious Diseases; Department of Dermatology, Faculty ofAus ralia (carol @infdis.usyd.edu.au).edicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanThe Journal of Infec ious Diseases 1998;178:1230–1 1998 by he Infec ious Diseases Socie y of America. All righ s reserved.0022–1899/98/7804–0055$02.00 References1. Thompson CH. Immunoreac ive pro eins of molluscum con agiosum virusype 1, 1v, and 2 [le er]. J Infec Dis 1998;178:1230–1.2. Wa anabe T, Morikawa S, Suzuki K, Miyamura T, Tamaki K, Ueda Y.ReplyTwo major an igenic polypep ides of molluscum con agiosum virus. JInfec Dis 1998;177:284–92.To the Editor—We apprecia e he commen s of Thompson [1],3. Konya J, Thompson CH, de Zwar -S effe RT. Enzyme-linked immunosor-who kindly provided some da a supplemen ary o our findings [2]. ben assay for measuremen of IgG an ibody o molluscum con agiosumAs originally s a ed, we failed o find an associa ion of serum virus and inves iga ion of he serological rela ionship of he molecularreac ivi y wi h clinical profiles, including pa ien age or sex or ypes. J Virol Me hods 1992;40:183–94.dura ion, si e, or number of molluscum lesions. Al hough Thomp- 4. Nakamura J, Muraki Y, Yamada M, Ha ano Y, Nii S. Analysis of molluscumcon agiosum virus genomes isola ed in Japan. J Med Virol 1995;46:son did no repor a correla ion be ween he rela ive an ibody i er339–48.in heir ELISA sys em and clinical symp oms [3], we hink i5. Oda H, Ohyama Y, Sameshima T, Hirakawa K. S ruc ural polypep ides ofshould be no ed ha 1 of he weakly posi ive sera lacked reac ivi ymolluscum con agiosum virus: heir variabili y in various isola es andwi h 33/35-kDa polypep ides [1]. These resul s sugges ha heloca ion wi hin he virion. J Med Virol 1982;9:19–25.ypes of an ibody may differ according o heir reac ivi y measuredby ELISA. Fur her longi udinal s udies wi h a large popula ion isReprin s or correspondence: Dr. Takahiro Wa anabe, Dep . of Derma ology,necessary o clarify he clinical significance of he wo ypes ofFacul y of Medicine, Universi y of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyoan ibody. 113-0033, Japan (wa anabe -der@h.u- okyo.ac.jp).Unfor una ely, we did no purify molluscum con agiosum virusThe Journal of Infec ious Diseases 1998;178:1231(MCV) virions separa ely, since i was our purpose o ob ain a 1998 by he Infec ious Diseases Socie y of America. All righ s reserved.sufficien amoun of viral DNA o es ablish a library. The ac ual 0022–1899/98/7804–0056$02.00propor ions of MCV sub ypes 1, 1v, and 2 in our pooled samplesremains unknown. However, we hough ha mos of our samplesconsis ed of MCV 1v because a previous large epidemiologic s udyDoes the Capsule Component of the Crypt c ccusrevealed ha sub ype 1v accoun ed for 96% of he s rains isola edne f rmans Glucuronoxylomannan Impairin he Tokyo area [4], and we previously es ablished a genomicTransendothelial igration of Leukocytes in Patientslibrary of MCV 1v [2]. I appears o be possible o discrimina ewith Cryptococcal eningitis?minor differences in molecular masses when various isola es arecompared on he same polyacrylamide gel. In addi ion, we do nohink i is appropria e o es ima e he molecular masses of pro eins To the Editor—The encapsula ed yeas -like fungus Cryptococcuswi h Ç70 and Ç34 kDa on he same polyacrylamide gel. Thomp- neoformans is he leading cause of mycological infec ion of heson [1] poin ed ou ha he size of larger an igenic polypep ides cen ral nervous sys em in pa ien s wi h compromised cell-media edmay have been underes ima ed (figures 1, 2, and 6 in [2]), which immuni y [1]. Recen ly, we demons ra ed ha he cerebrospinalcould be due o he use of higher percen age acrylamide. We fluid (CSF) of pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is con ains highrepea edly performed elec rophoresis using gels a differen con- levels of he neu rophil chemoa rac an in erleukin (IL)-8, despi ecen ra ions and finally de ermined he molecular masses of he wo he fac ha he CSF con ains few neu rophils [2].major an igenic polypep ides. The cryp ococcal capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxyloman-Oda e al. [5] analyzed he s ruc ural polypep ides of MCV by nan (GXM) is presen in serum and CSF of pa ien s wi h cryp ococ-SDS-PAGE. They found ha only wo polypep ides, designa ed cal meningi is, and GXM is known o in erfere wi h neu rophilA and D, which were coinciden ally demons ra ed o be wo major migra ion [3]. We demons ra ed in vi ro ha GXM is capable ofan igenic pro eins [2], among seven major polypep ides differed inducing he produc ion of IL-8 by brain cells, and i also preven sin heir mobili y on acrylamide gel according o he isola es. As- neu rophils from migra ing oward IL-8 [4]. Consequen ly, a highsuming ha , as Thompson repor ed [1], he variabili y of hese ra io of GXM in serum and CSF should correla e wi h a lowwo an igens depends on he ypes of MCV DNA, i migh be CSF leukocy e cell coun in pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is.immunologically impor an because MCV may have undergone Therefore, we compared re rospec ively he GXM i ers in serumchanges in i s surface pro eins during he evolu ionary process in and CSF wi h he CSF leukocy e cell coun s of 35 Du ch humanresponse o he hos . However, i remains o be clarified why each immunodeficiency virus–infec ed pa ien s wi h a cul ure-provenof he polypep ides A and D is recognized as a wide, blurred band, diagnosis of cryp ococcal meningi is be ween 1986 and 1996.ra her han wo discre e bands, when pooled un yped MCV are An igen i ers for he pa ien s were measured wi h commercialki s rou inely used for diagnos ic de ec ion of cryp ococcal an igenanalyzed on SDS-polyacrylamide gel [5]. We believe ha some/ 9d52$$oc54 08-25-98 00:27:05 jinfal UC: J Infect1232 Correspondence JID 1998;178 (Oc ober)Figure 1. Inverse correla ion be ween ra io of leukocy e coun in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cryp ococcal glucuronoxylomannan i ers inserum ([GXM]se) over hose in CSF ([GXM]csf) in 35 pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is.References(mainly Murex Cryp ococcus Tes ; Murex, Ken , UK) and wereob ained wi hin 5 days of he CSF leukocy e cell coun s. Since1. Mi chell TG, Perfec JR. Cryp ococcosis in he era of AIDS—100 yearsGXM can a rac neu rophils [4], he GXM concen ra ion gradienaf er he discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin Microbiol Revover he blood brain barrier (expressed as he ra io of i ers in1995;8:515–48.serum vs. CSF) is expec ed o be more cri ical o he CSF leukocy e2. Chaka WS, Heyderman R, Gangaidzo I, e al. Cy okine profiles in CSFcell coun han are absolu e GXM concen ra ions. Figure 1 demon-of HIV-infec ed pa ien s wi h cryp ococcal meningi is: no leukocy osiss ra es a significan inverse correla ion be ween he (log) GXM despi e high IL-8 levels. J Infec Dis 1997;176:1633–6.ra io and he (log) CSF leukocy e cell coun in pa ien s wi h cryp o- 3. Dong ZM, Murphy JW. Effec s of wo varie ies of Cryptococcus neo-coccosis. (Correla ion coefficien of log values: 00.54, n Å 35; formans cells and cul ure fil ra e an igens on neu rophil locomo ion. In-wo-sided P õ .001). These da a sugges ha he in vi ro finding fec Immun 1995;63:2632–44.of in erference of GXM wi h neu rophil migra ion may indeed 4. Lipovsky MM, Gekker G, Hu S, Ehrlich LC, Hoepelman AIM, Pe ersonrepresen a pa hogene ic mechanism in cryp ococcal meningi is. PK. Cryp ococcal glucuronoxylomannan induces in erleukin (IL)-8 pro-duc ion by human microglia bu inhibi s neu rophil migra ion oward IL-8. J Infec Dis 1998;177:260–3.yriam . Lipovsky, Leontine J. R. van Elden,Annemiek . E. Walenkamp, Jacob Dankert, Reprin s or correspondence: Dr. A. I. M. Hoepelman, Universi y Hospi aland Andy I. . Hoepelman U rech , Dep . of Medicine, Division of Infec ious Diseases and AIDS, P.O.Box 85500, 3508 GA U rech , The Ne herlands (I.M.hoepelman@digd.azu.nl).Department of edicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and AIDS,University Hospital Utrecht, and Eijkman-Winkler Institute, Utrecht,The Journal of Infec ious Diseases 1998;178:1231–2and edical icrobiology, Academic edical Center, Amsterdam,  1998 by he Infec ious Diseases Socie y of America. All righ s reserved.0022–1899/98/7804–0057$02.00The Netherlands/ 9d52$$oc54 08-25-98 00:27:05 jinfal UC: J Infect

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Does the capsule component of the Cryptococcus neoformans glucuronoxylomannan impair transendothelial migration of leukocytes in patients with Cryptococcal meningitis? (letter)

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