Nakano, M.

Ohtani, Shigeru

Tamai, R.

Yayota, Masato

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Seasonal Changes in Nutrient Intake of Grazing Beef Cows on an Alpine Pasture in Japan Masato Yayota Gifu University, Japan M. Nakano Gifu University, Japan R. Tamai Gifu University, Japan Shigeru Ohtani Gifu University, Japan Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/9-3/50 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　 瞯 ]167　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Livestock Production SystemsSeasonal changes in nutrient intake of grazing beef cows on an alpine pasture in JapanM . Y ayota1 ,M . Nakano2 ,R . Tamai1 and S . Ohtani11 Faculty o f A p p lied Biological Sciences ,Gi f u University ,1‐1 Y anagido ,Gi f u 501‐1193 ,Jap an .E‐mail : yayo＠ gi f u‐u .ac .j p2 The United G raduate School o f A gricultural Science ,Gi f u University ,1‐1 ,Y anagido ,Gi f u 501‐1193 ,Jap an .Key words : alpine woodland pasture ,forage intake ,grazing cattleIntroduction Alpine woodland pastures or agro‐forests in Japan have served as a basis for beef cattle grazing . In these areas ,grazing should be established as an extensive system using native forage species . However ,data regarding diet composition ,intake ,and digestibility by grazing cattle under these systems are extremely limited . Information concerning seasonal changes inforage quality ,when coupled with estimates of intake and digestibility ,will provide a foundation for nutritional management ofgrazing cattle .Materials and methods This experiment was conducted in ２００６ at the alpine woodland pasture ( １２１ ha) ,located in central Japan(３６°９′N ,１３７°６′E ; altitude ,１５００ m ) . Approximately ８０％ of the pasture was woodland and the remainder was nativegrassland . The pasture was dominated by dwarf bamboo ( Sasa senanensis ) ,w ith other grasses ( e .g . ,Zoysia j aponica) ,forbsand shrubs as minor components ,and was continuously grazed by a total of １１ cows from ８ June to ９ October ２００６ . Three tofive Japanese Black cows ( mean body weight : ４６７ kg ) were used in this experiment . Three experimental periods of ５ days eachwere set during the grazing season : １‐６ July ( Early ) ,２５‐３０ August ( Mid) ,and ４‐９ October ( Late) . Forage intake by thegrazing cows was estimated from fecal output and apparent digestibility : fecal output ( kg DM day‐１ ) / ( １ ‐digestibility ) . Fecaloutput was estimated by the single‐pulse dose method using a ytterbium ( Nakano et al . ,２００８a) ,and apparent digestibility wasestimated by acid detergent insoluble ash in forage and feces ( Van Soest et al . ,１９９１) . On days １ ,３ ,and ５ in each experimentalperiod ,two cows were closely observed for １ h during the morning and afternoon meal ,and forage samples were collected tosimulate diet selection by the cattle .Results Crude protein ( CP) ,rumen‐degradable protein ( RDP) and‐undegradable protein ( RUP) ,neutral detergent fiber ( NDF) ,and acid detergent fiber ( ADF ) of the grazed forage were almost stable through the grazing season ,while acid detergentinsoluble protein ( ADIP) and acid detergent lignin ( ADL ) increased during late‐grazing season ,compared with early‐and mid‐grazing seasons ( Table １ ) . Intake and apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM ) ,CP ,and NDF were significantly lower in mid‐and late‐grazing season than in early‐grazing season ( P ＜ ０ .０５ ) ( Table ２) . Metabolizable energy ( ME) intake in mid‐and late‐grazing seasons was also lower than that in early‐grazing season ,and did not satisfy the requirement of the cows .Table 1 Chemical composition o f the grazedf orage by the cows .Early Mid LateDM ( g / kg ) ２７６ |.２ ２７１ m.６ ２９７ 梃.５g / kg DMCP １３７ |.９ １３１ m.４ １３１ 梃.３RDP ５７ e.９ ５４ V.８ ５２ 蜒.３RUP ８０ e.０ ７６ V.６ ７９ 蜒.０ADIP １０ e.２ １１ V.７ １４ 蜒.１NDF ６６８ |.２ ６３０ m.３ ６２６ 梃.４ADF ３４６ |.７ ３３２ m.２ ３３９ 梃.７ADL ６１ e.０ ５９ V.６ ７９ 蜒.７Table 2 Intake and ap parent digestibility o f the graz ing cows .Early Mid LateDM intake ( g / kg BW) ２０ 珑.８a １０ 耨.５b １２ *.０bCP ( g / kg BW) ２ 珑.９a １ 耨.４b １ *.６bNDF ( g / kg BW) １３ 珑.９a ６ 耨.６b ７ *.５bDM digestibility ０ 构.６５a ０ 妹.４８b ０ �.４５bCP digestibility ０ 构.６３a ０ 妹.４８b ０ �.４８bNDF digestibility ０ 构.６８a ０ 妹.４９b ０ �.４６bME intake ( kcal/ kg MBW) 224 骀.4a 80 蝌.9b 90 +.1bME intake/ME requirement １  .３ ０ .４ ０ Q.５BW : Body weight , MBW : Metabolic body weightConclusions Forage intake and apparent digestibility were obviously decreased in mid‐and late‐grazing seasons . One factor wasthe increase of indigestible fraction such as ADL ,while another factor would relate to the spatial grazing pattern by the cows( Nakano et al . ,２００８b) . Thus ,the cows were unable to satisfy their energy requirements during mid to late grazing season ,eventhough the pasture had sufficient forage mass .ReferencesNakano ,M . ,Yayota ,M . ,Ohtani ,S . ,２００８ . Evaluation of the single pulse dose method for estimating herbage intake by cattle ina large scale free‐ranging system . Grassland Science ,in p ress .Nakano ,M . ,Yayota ,M . ,Tamai ,R . ,Ohtani ,S . ,２００８b . Spatial distribution of forage intake by beef cows grazed on an alpinepasture in Japan .Proceedings o f X X I th International G rassland congress ,in press .Van Soest ,P .J . ,Robertson , J .B . ,Lewis ,B .A . ,１９９１ . Methods for dietary fiber ,neutral detergent fiber ,and nonstarchpolysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition . J Dairy Sci ７４ : ３５８３‐３５９７ .

Seasonal Changes in Nutrient Intake of Grazing Beef Cows on an Alpine Pasture in Japan

https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3148&amp;context=igc

Seasonal Changes in Nutrient Intake of Grazing Beef Cows on an Alpine Pasture in Japan

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

University of Kentucky