Kanno, Tsutomu

Kurokawa, Shunji

Morita, Souichiro

Sato, S.

Yoshimura, Y.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Impact of Preceding Cropping and Cutting Height on Stand Uniformity of Corn S. Morita National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan T. Kanno National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan S. Kurokawa National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan S. Sato National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Y. Yoshimura National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/10-1/10 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅱ 　 瞯 ]197　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Production Systems——— Integration of Crops , Forage and Forest SystemsImpact of preceding cropping and cutting height on stand uniformity of cornS . Morita , T . K anno , S . K urokaw a , S . Sato and Y . Yoshimura１ National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science , Nasushiobara , Tochigi ３２９– ２７９３ ，JapanE‐mail : soich＠ affrc .go .jpKey words : no‐tillage ,Zea mays L . ,double cropping ,planterIntroduction No‐tillage ( NT ) cropping is a promising technique providing potential economic and environmental advantagescompared with conventional tillage systems . In Japan , this system has been introduced into the Hokkaido and Tohoku regions( single cropping districts of summer corn) and the Kyushu region ( double cropping districts of spring corn and autumn corn) ,but not into the central areas of the main island ( double cropping districts of summer corn and winter crops) . The purpose ofthis study was to evaluate the feasibility of NT cropping in the double cropping system composed of summer corn and wintercrops . We attempted to plant corn directly following a winter crop af ter the first harvest by use of a no‐till planter available inJapan . We examined the relationship between the seedling accuracy of the NT planter and the residue of the preceding wintercrops .Materials and methods As the preceding winter crops , Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multif lorum Lam . ,IR) and rye ( Secale cerealeL .) were planted in Oct . of ２００５ . In Apr . of ２００６ , these crops were harvested as round bale silage with cutting heights of ８cm ( low cutting height treatment) and ２０ cm ( high cutting height treatment ) . The aboveground and root biomass of stubbleresidue were weighed about ２ days after harvesting . Silage corn hybrid �XE８９１５�was planted on ６ June with a John shearerNM‐９５００ equipped with a disc colter and double disc opener . This NT planter drops corn seeds after the seed slot is formed ,and shuts this slot af terwards . Planting was performed with four rows , and the target population was ７０ ,０００ plants ha‐１ . Theherbicide nicosulfron was sprayed right after planting to control regrow th . The number of seeds not covered by soil and thenumber of seeds deviating from the seed slot were counted . The percentage of corn seedling establishment was recorded by eyemeasurement in each plot ２１ days af ter planting .Results and discussion The aboveground biomass of the rye sward was higher than that of the IR sward , but the root biomasswas affected conversedy . The percentage of inaccurate sowing [missed sowing / total sowing × １００ ( ％ ) ] was higher after theIR sward planting for both no coverage and deviation than after the rye sward planting . As a result , the percentage of seedlingestablishment af ter the IR sward planting was significantly lower than that after the rye sward planting . Cutting height did notinfluence sowing , though it was related to aboveground biomass in each winter forage crop species . It appeared that the rootbiomass of the IR sward affected the soil physics ( data not shown) , in turn affecting the accuracy of seed sowing by the NTplanter .　 　 　 　 Table1 Ef f ect o f f ield condition on accuracy o f sow ing and establishment .Conclusions When the NT planter currently available in Japan was used , rye was a better species to plant in a double croppingsystem . However , we suspect that other factors contributed to the decreased percentage of seedlings in rye sward . The planterused to cut roots and open seed slots in IR sward needs to be improved , and we need to investigate the factors affecting thepercentage of seedlings in rye sward .ReferenceMorira , S . , Tsutomu , K . , Kurokawa , S . , Yoshimura , Y . , Senda , T . , ２００６ . Yield and sowing accuracy of summer cornseeded by no‐tillage planter af ter autumn oat . Japanese Journal o f G rassland Science , ５２ ( Ext .) , ２９４‐２９５ ( in Japaneseonly) .

Impact of Preceding Cropping and Cutting Height on Stand Uniformity of Corn

https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3171&amp;context=igc

Impact of Preceding Cropping and Cutting Height on Stand Uniformity of Corn

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