Boukila, B.

Meduke, C. N.

Pamo, E. Tedonkeng

Tendonkeng, F.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Cutting Frequency on the Yield and Regrowth of Panicum maximum Jacq in West Cameroon E. Tedonkeng Pamo University of Dschang, Cameroon B. Boukila Université des sciences et techniques de Masuku, Gabon C. N. Meduke University of Dschang, Cameroon F. Tendonkeng University of Dschang, Cameroon Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/2-2/9 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 瞯 ]354　 瞯 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅰ 　Grasslands/Rangelands Resources and Ecology ——— Soil Quality and Plant NutritionEffect of nitrogen fertilisation and cutting frequency on the yield and regrowth of Panicummaximum Jacq in West CameroonE . Tedonkeng Pamo1 , B . Boukila2 , C .N . Meduke1 , F . Tendonkeng11 Dep t . o f A nimal Prod . , FA SA , University o f Dschang . P .O .Box . : 222 Dschang , Cameroon , E‐mail :p amo ＿ te＠ yahoo .f r , 2 I .N .S .A .B . , Universit des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku , B .P . 941 . Gabon .Key words : Panicum max imum , nitrogen fertilisation , cutting frequency , yield , regrow thIntroduction Ruminant production in most tropical countries relies heavily on the availability of grazing land . However , with thehigh population densities in some of these regions and the emergence of out of season cropping on riparian areas , all arable landsare occupied throughout the year . The alternative left for the animal farmers , is forage cropping and appropriate managementtechniques . The present work was designed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilisation and the cutting frequency on the yieldand regrow th of Panicum maximum in West Cameroon .Materials and methods The study was carried out at the Animal Experimental Farm of Dschang University from March ２００６ toJanuary ２００７ . Rainfall in this zone varies between １５００ and ２０００ mm . The soil is classified as ferralitic . A ３ × ３ factorialdesign with ３ doses (０ , ６０ ,８０ kg / ha) of nitrogen in the form of Ammonium Sulphate at ２１％ N and ３ cutting frequencies ( F１＝ ３０ days , F２ ＝ ４５ days , F３ ＝ ６０ days) at a height of ２０ cm in ３ replicates was used . Seventy ( ７０ ) tillers of P . max imumbearing one to two tali were planted on each plot in April ２００６ with a spacing of ２５ cm by ２５ cm . A single dose (１００ kg / ha) ofsimple super phosphate at ２１％ P was applied in all plots . The ammonium sulphate was fractioned in two parts . The first one‐third was applied in equal quantity one month after planting . The remaining two‐thirds were divided according to the number ofcuts to be done excluding the last one . Two months after planting , the plots were zero timed at ２０ cm above the soil and theharvest of regrow ths started one month later . ５００ g sample were taken after each cutting and oven dried at ６０ ℃ for dry matter(DM ) estimate . The average height obtained from ３ measurements was used to evaluate the rhythm of regrow th . Two factorsAnalysis of variance was carried out on the data and significant differences among treatments were tested with Duncan摧smultiple range tests .Results and discussion Independently of nitrogen fertilization cutting frequency had significant effect ( P ＞ ０ .０５ ) on the biomassproduction with the highest yield (１３ .７７ t DM / ha) obtained at ６０ days cutting frequency ( Table １) . Increased DM yields withextended cutting intervals are consequences of additional tiller and leaf formation , leaf elongation and stem development . It wasobserved that nitrogen fertilization did not have a significant effect on the Dry Matter Yield ( DMY ) of P . max imum . Thiscould be due to losses through leaching and volatilisation . Nitrogen fertilization at higher rates may yield lower dry matter(DM ) due to nitrogen toxicity or nutrient imbalances ( Maurice et al . , １９８５) .Table 1 : E f f ect o f nitrogen f ertiliz ation and cuttingf requency on biomass p roduction o f P . maximum .Cuttingf requency( days)Nitrogen fertilization ( kg / ha)０ y６０ 悙８０ �Mean ± SDF１ :３０ }１２ 煙.０６a １１ 悙.０８a １２ �.６３a １１ 剟.９２ ± ０ .７８cF２ :４５ }１２ 煙.７４a １３ 悙.４４a １２ �.４５a １２ 剟.８８ ± ０ .５１bF３ :６０ }１４ 煙.６８a １４ 悙.０８a １２ �.５５a １３ 剟.７７ ± １ .０９aMean ± SD １３ 煙.１６ ± １ .３６a １２ 悙.８７ ± １ .５７a １２ �.５５ ± ０ .０９aa , b , c : Means with same letter in one row are not significantly different ( P ＞０畅０５ )Table 2 : E f f ect o f nitrogen f ertiliz ation and cuttingf requency on the RR o f P . maximum .Cuttingf requency( days)Nitrogen fertilization ( kg / ha)０ 憫６０ ８０ GF１ :３０ 觋１０２ 葺.４４c １０９ %.９３c １１１ m.０２cF２ :４５ 觋１２１ 葺.５３b １３４ %.７２b １３７ m.９４bF３ :６０ 觋１４５ 葺.７０a １５０ %.９６a １６０ m.０４aa , b , c : Means with the same letters in one row are not significantlydifferent ( P ＞ ０ .０５)Both cutting frequency and level of nitrogen fertilization had significant effect ( P ＜ ０ .０５ ) on RR ( Table ２ ) . Nitrogenfertilization effect could be related to the fact that N stimulates meristematic and retards leaf senescence ( Andrew andJohansen , １９７８ ) . Cutting frequency effect could be related to the fact that infrequent and light defoliation maintains balancedgrow th of roots and shoots of plants ( Chapman and Lemaire , １９９３) .Conclusion Nitrogen fertilization had no significant effect on the biomass production of P . max imum . Cutting frequencysignificantly influenced biomass production with the highest forage yield obtained from plots cut at ６０ days frequency . Nitrogenfertilization significantly influenced the RR of P . max imum . Cutting frequency had significant effect on the RR with the highestRR obtained at ６０ days cutting frequency .ReferencesAndrew , C .S . and D . Johansen . (１９７８) . In Plants relations in pastures . Australia : CSIRO .Chapman , D . F . and G . Lemaire . ( １９９３ ) . Morphogenetic and structural determinants of plant regrow th af ter defoliation .Proc . XVII Intl Grassld Cong . Pp . ９５‐１０４ .

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Cutting Frequency on the Yield and Regrowth of \u3cem\u3ePanicum maximum\u3c/em\u3e Jacq in West Cameroon

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Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Cutting Frequency on the Yield and Regrowth of \u3cem\u3ePanicum maximum\u3c/em\u3e Jacq in West Cameroon

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