Kelliher, F. M.

Li, Z.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Nitrous Oxide Emission and Methane Oxidation Potential in the Pastoral Soil under Intensive Dairy Farm Management Z. Li Landcare Research New Zealand, New Zealand F. M. Kelliher Landcare Research New Zealand, New Zealand Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/2-1/28 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅰ 　 瞯 ]323　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Resources and Ecology ——— Soil Quality and Plant NutritionNitrous oxide emission and methane oxidation potential in the pastoral soil under intensive dairyfarm managementZ . L i , F .M . KelliherL andcare Research New Zealand , P .O . Box 40 , L incoln 7640 , New Zealand . E‐mail : liz h＠ landcareresearch .co .nzKey words :N２O , CH４ , nitrogen , carbon , excretaIntroduction Anthropogenic nitrous oxide ( N２O) emissions from agricultural soils are estimated to contribute ～ １４％ of NewZealand摧s greenhouse gas ( GHG ) inventory ( New Zealand Climate Change Office ２００７ ) . The global annual soil sink formethane ( CH４ ) was estimated to be ３‐９％ of the atmosphere摧s removal rate ( Smith et al . , ２０００ ) . We report N２O emission andCH４ oxidation rates in freely and poorly drained soils on an intensively managed dairy farm following a cattle urine application .Materials and methods The two soils examined were located beneath pasture grazed by dairy cattle in Waikato region of NewZealand (３７ .８°S , １７５ .３°E) with average annual rainfall of １２４０ mm and air temperature of １４ ℃ . Cow urine was applied tocreate experimental urine patches in the soils at １０ L /m２ (６５０ kg N / ha) . Fluxes of N２O and CH４ were measured using staticchambers ( diameter ２５０ mm , height １３０ mm) , with ３ replicates for urine patches and controls , over １００ days in autumn andwinter seasons . Gas samples were analysed by gas chromatograph with a ６３Ni‐electron capture detector ( ECD) for N２O and aflame ionization detector ( FID ) for CH４ . Soil and relevant environment parameters were measured/monitored over the trailperiod .　 　 Figure 1 N itrous ox ide emission and CH ４ ox idation rates measuredover １００ day trial period (n ＝ ３ ) .Results There were eight occasions for bothsoils when N２O fluxes in the urine patchesexceeded the １００‐day average . For the freelydrained soil , seven of these days occurredduring the first ３ weeks after urineapplication and accounted for ６１％ of totalemissions . Higher than average dailyemissions occurred throughout the １００ daysof measurement for the poorly drained soil ,and ４ of these days during the first ３ weeksafter urine application accounted for ４１％ oftotal emissions . For both soils , N ２Oemissions of the urine‐amended plots alwaysexceeded the controls . Nitrous oxideemission factors ( EF３ ) were １ .３ and ０ .４ ％for the poorly and freely drained soilsrespectively .Following urine application , the poorlydrained soil was a net source of CH４ on Days２ , ３ , １３ , ２２ , ２７ and ７９ . On the day of urineapplication and ７ and ９ days later , the freelydrained soil was also a net source of CH４ .Over １００ days , for the poorly drained soils ,the integrated CH４ oxidation rates were ０畅６± ０畅１ and ０畅２ ± ０畅１ kg C / ha yr for the Controls and Urine plots , respectively . For the freely drained soil , the correspondingrates were １畅８ ± ０畅２ and １畅１ ± ０畅２ kg C / ha yr .Conclusions Applying urine markedly increased soil摧s N２O emissions . The integrated N２O emitted from poorly drained soil was３ times than that from freely drained soil . Cattle urine application reduced the CH４ oxidation rates of freely and poorly drainedsoils for up to two months and by ０ .７ ± ０ .２ and ０ .４ ± ０ .１ kg C/ ha yr . Overall , the two soils摧 responses were not significantlydifferent .ReferencesNew Zealand Climate Change Office (２００７) National Inventory Report New Zealand , Greenhouse Gas Inventory １９９０‐２００５ .Smith KA , Dobbie KE , Ball BC , Bakken LR , Sitaula BK , Hansen S , et al . ( ２０００ ) Oxidation of atmospheric methane inNorthern European soils , comparison with other ecosystems , and uncertainties in the global terrestrial sink . Global ChangeBiology , ６ , ７９１‐８０３ .4 Poorly drained soil Freely drained soil C 0 ~ 3 ·- .c V) N V, E .E -2 Q) z 0) OE Z N ~ 0 4 C 0~ ~ >- 3 ~ co 2 )( ,!:' 0 0) . -"' :r:~ (.) 0 -1 Apr May Jun Jul Apr May Jun Jul 

Nitrous Oxide Emission and Methane Oxidation Potential in the Pastoral Soil under Intensive Dairy Farm Management

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Nitrous Oxide Emission and Methane Oxidation Potential in the Pastoral Soil under Intensive Dairy Farm Management

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