Califra, A.

La Manna, A.

Lazbal, E.

Malcuori, E.

Molfino, J.

Morón, A.

Sawchik, Jorge

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Physical Soil Quality in the Main Areas of Pastures in Dairy Production in Uruguay A. Morón INIA, Uruguay J. Molfino Direcci n Nacional de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Uruguay Jorge Sawchik INIA, Uruguay A. Califra Direcci n Nacional de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Uruguay E. Lazbal Asociaci n Nacional de Productores de Leche, Uruguay See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/2-1/39 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. Presenter Information A. Morón, J. Molfino, Jorge Sawchik, A. Califra, E. Lazbal, A. La Manna, and E. Malcuori This event is available at UKnowledge: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/2-1/39 瞯 ]334　 瞯 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅰ 　Grasslands/Rangelands Resources and Ecology ——— Soil Quality and Plant NutritionPhysical soil quality in the main areas of pastures in dairy production in UruguayA . Morón 1 , J . Mol f ino 2 , J . Sawchik 1 , A . Cali f ra 2 , E . L azbal 3 , A . L a Manna 1 , E . Malcuori 41 IN IA L a Estanz uela , Colonia , Uruguay . E‐mail : amoron ＠ inia .org .uy , 2 Direcci n Nacional de Recursos NaturalesRenovables , MGA P , 3 A sociaci n Nacional de Productores de Leche , 4 Conap roleKey words : soil physical , pasture , dairyIntroduction During the last decades dairy production in Uruguay has become more intensive . A better knowledge of soil qualityin dairy production is needed to improve and develop sustainable soil use and management practices under this scenario . As partof a larger research project some results related to soil physical properties in these systems are presented .Materials and methods This study was conducted during ２００５ and ２００６ on eighty six dairy farms located in the Departments ofColonia , San Jos and Florida ( Mor n et al , ２００６) . Soils from the selected farms vary from Argiudolls to Hapludolls . For eachfarm , two sampling sites representing two different phases of the pasture rotation were selected . Sampling sites compared aperennial pasture in it摧s third‐year ( P ) with an annual winter pasture ( V ) . Additionally , undisturbed sites usually locatedunder an old fence , were also selected as a reference for both phases of the pasture rotation . Hence , there was one reference forthe perennial pasture ( RP) and one for the annual winter pasture ( RV) . For each site and its correspondent reference six soilsamples were taken at the ０‐１０ cm depth with PVC cylinders of １６７ cm３ . Soil samples were saturated in the laboratory , placedin a tension table under a suction of ６０ cm until equilibrium was established . Soil macroporosity was then calculated . Soilsamples were dried and bulk density was determined . Total porosity was estimated from the bulk density data for each sampleand assuming a particle density of ２ .６５ g / cm３ . T reatments were analysed as a randomized split‐plot design .Results and discussion Table １ depicts a summary of results obtained in all three departments . For the soil physical qualityindicators evaluated , no significant differences were observed between the two phases of the pasture rotation ( P vs V) . Thus ,the mean value is presented for P and V as well as for RP and RV . There was a significant effect ( P ＜ ０ .０００１) for the contrastbetween disturbed ( P , V ) and undisturbed sites ( RP , RV ) in each of the departments where the study took place . Thisindicates a degradation of soil physical properties . Soil bulk density for P , V was significantly different betweenTable 1 A verages o f soil physical indicators in the three more important departments in milk p roduction o f Uruguay .Bulk Density g / cm３ wMacroporosity ( cm３ / cm３ total)１００ 哪Total porosity ( cm３ / cm３ total)１００ 沣Colonia P , V １ 热.５１ ４ 腚.１７ ４３ 栽.１２Colonia RP , RV １ 热.３０ ５ 腚.６４ ５０ 栽.９２San José P ,V １ 热.４１ ５ 腚.２１ ４６ 栽.６６San José RP ,RV １ 热.２７ ６ 腚.５２ ５２ 栽.１１Florida P , V １ 热.３７ ４ 腚.４９ ４７ 栽.２８Florida RP , RV １ 热.２６ ５ 腚.４５ ５２ 栽.３８P ＝ perennial pasture , V ＝ annual winter pasture , RP ＝ reference P , RV ＝ reference VColonia ＞ San José ≈ Florida . Total porosity for P , V also presented significant differences : Florida ≈ San José ＞ Colonia .Soil macroporosity for P ,V was :San José ＞ Colonia ( P ＜ ０ .０５) but Colonia ≈ Florida and Florida ≈ San José . The observeddifferences are not totally related to the impact of dairy production , since much of the sampling sites have a previous history ofconventional agriculture . This can reasonably explain the higher degradation observed in Colonia compared with the otherDepartments .Conclusion There is a consistent soil physical degradation in soils under dairy production in all three Departments . However ,this impact is more important in the Department of Colonia .ReferencesMorón ,A . ,Molfino ,J . ,Sawchik ,J . ,Califra ,A . ,Lazbal ,E . ,La Manna ,A . ,Malcuori ,E .２００６ .Calidad del Suelo en lasPrincipales reas de Producci n Lechera de Uruguay : Avances en el Departamento de Colonia . In : CD XX CongresoA rgentino de la Ciencia del Suelo . Salta‐Jujuy , Argentina .

Physical Soil Quality in the Main Areas of Pastures in Dairy Production in Uruguay

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Physical Soil Quality in the Main Areas of Pastures in Dairy Production in Uruguay

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