King, Jane R.

Walker, Jennifer A.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Kura Clover (Trifolium ambiguum) in Pastures for Western Canada Jane R. King University of Alberta, Canada Jennifer A. Walker University of Alberta, Canada Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/1-2/7 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 瞯 ]56　 瞯 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅰ 　Grasslands/Rangelands Resources and Ecology ——— Ecology of Grasslands/RangelandsKura clover ( Tri folium ambiguum) in pastures for western CanadaJane R . K ing and Jenni f er A . W alkerDepartment o f A gricultural , Food and Nutritional Sciences , University o f A lberta , Edmonton , A lberta , Canada T6G 2P5 ,E‐mail : j ane .king＠ ualberta .caKey words : clover , binary‐mixtures , establishment , species compositionIntroduction Kura clover ( T ri f olium ambiguum) is a rhizomatous perennial clover native to the Caucasian region of Russia .Kura shows a greater range of tolerance to drought , soil type , pH , elevation and grazing intensity than other legumescommonly used in North America ( Taylor and Smith , １９９８ ) . Western Canada currently lacks a persistent pasture legumespecies .Materials and methods Tests occurred in Edmonton , Alberta , Canada from １９９９ to ２００５ . Our objectives were to test ( a) yieldand quality of kura clover monocultures when harvested one‐five times per growing season , ( b) the productivity and persistenceof kura when grown in binary mixtures with either meadow bromegrass ( Bromus biebersteinii ) K‐MB ; orchard grass ( Dacty lisglomerata) K‐OG ; timothy ( Phleum p ratense) K‐T ; or Kentucky bluegrass ( Poa p ratensis ) K‐KBG and ( b) to examine theeffects on species composition and forage yield of seeding meadow bromegrass into an establishing kura stand . Data wereanalysed using the general linear model procedure of SAS (２００３) p ＜ ０ .０５ .Results and discussion Kura monocultures yielded from ４ ,３００ kg / ha dry matter to １３ ,０００ kg / ha dry matter in the firstproduction year . Yield did not significantly differ whether harvests occurred two , three , four or five times per season ( Table１) . K‐MB mixtures produced the greatest biomass , however , both meadow bromegrass and orchard grass severely out‐competed the kura clover ( Table ２ ) . The highest percentage of kura clover (４５％ ) occurred in the K‐KBG mixtures ( Table ２ ) .Meadow bromegrass , seeded into establishing kura clover prior to the clover reaching the １st and ３rd true leaf stage , achieved agood species balance in the second and third production years .Table 1 Total annual y ield and quality o f kura clover at f ive harvest f requencies in the f irst and second p roduction year f orp lots established in 1999 or 2000 .Total annual production ( kg / ha) Forage QualityFirstProductionyear ( estab１９９９ )Firstproductionyear ( estab２０００ )SecondProductionyearAverage Percentage ( first production year , estab .１９９９ )HarvestFrequencyHarvestFrequency Crude ProteinNDF ADF１ ４３４４ 3.１４ b ４３４４ {.１３ c ３７２８ 妹.８５ b １２ 揶１０３２４ \.０８ a ５９４１ {.３５ b ７６３１ 妹.１８ a ２ 憫１７  .５８ c ４１ J.５３ b ３４ 拻.８０ b３ 揶１１２８８ \.５７ a ７１５７ {.９６ a ７１２９ 妹.６２ a ３ 憫１９  .５２ b ３３ J.９７ ab ２５ 拻.６７ a４ 揶１３０９３ \.５６ a ８８１１ {.７３ a ９８３０ 妹.２４ a ４ 憫２２  .３６ a ３３ J.０１ a ２４ 拻.３３ a５ 揶１０４９３ \.９７ a ８３８４ {.２７ a ８０５３ 妹.６９ a ５ 憫２３  .４９ a ３１ J.４０ a ２４ 拻.４０ aTable 2 Total annual dry matter y ield (kg / ha) and species composition o f mix tures o f kura clover w ith K entucky bluegrass( K‐KBG) , meadow bromegrass ( K‐MB) , orchard grass ( K‐OG) , or timothy (K‐T ) or kura in monoculture ( K ) in the f irst(2000) and second p roduction years (2001) .Mix ture First production year Second production yearTotal annual yield ( kg / ha) Percentage clover Total annual yield ( kg / ha) Percentage cloverKura １２ ,６００ bc ６ ,９４０ %bK － KBG １２ ,９０８  bc ４５ 弿.０ a ６ ,８２８ %b ４７ 破.０ aK － MB １４ ,４２９  ab ７ f.０ cd １０ ,１７４ Na １４ 破.０ bK － OG １２ ,９０１  bc ５ f.２ cd ５ ,７６０ %c ２４ 破.１ aK － T １１ ,４２７  cd １２ 弿.２ c ４ ,２９０ %d ３３ 破.０ aConclusion Kura clover has considerable potential as a new pasture legume for western Canada .ReferenceTaylor , N .L . and Smith R .R . , ( １９９８ ) . Kura clover ( T ri f olium ambiguum M .B .) breeding , culture ,and utilization .A dvances in A gronomy , ６３ , １５３‐１７８ .

Kura Clover (\u3cem\u3eTrifolium ambiguum\u3c/em\u3e) in Pastures for Western Canada

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Kura Clover (\u3cem\u3eTrifolium ambiguum\u3c/em\u3e) in Pastures for Western Canada

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