Mao, Peichun

Meng, Lin

Zhang, Guofang

Zhang, Yingjun

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress Photosynthesis and Transpiration of Chicory with Different Irrigation Treatments in Beijing Lin Meng Beijing Research and Development Center for Grassand Environment, China Yingjun Zhang China Agricultural University, China Peichun Mao Beijing Research and Development Center for Grassand Environment, China Guofang Zhang Beijing Research and Development Center for Grassand Environment, China Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/1-5/32 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅰ 　 瞯 ]231　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Resources and Ecology ——— Ecology of Grasslands/RangelandsPhotosynthesis and transpiration of Chicory with different irrigation treatments in BeijingMENG L in１ ,ZHA NG Y ing‐j un２ ,MAO Pei‐chun１ ,ZHA NG Guo‐ f ang１１ Bei j ing Research and Development Center f or G rass and Env ironment , Bei j ing １０００９７ ,China ;２ College o f A nimal Scienceand Technology , China A gricultural University , Bei j ing １０００９４ ,ChinaIntroduction Water deficit usually influences photosynthesis , causing stunted grow th and development , and futher reduces yieldof forage ( Flexas et al . ２００４ ) . Knowledge gained from studying photosynthesis and transpiration of chicory at differentirrigation levels is essential for growing plants in a water stressed area like Beijing .Materials and methods The experimental site , with a mean temperature of １２ .２ ℃ and an average annual precipitation of ５１８ .３mm , was located in Shunyi County in the northeast of Beijing . Chicory was seeded in spring at a rate of １２ kg / hm２ . The plotarea with ３ replications was ５m × １０m each , and the space between plots was ２ m . Buffer areas were covered by plastic film toprevent water infiltration . Three different irrigation treatments of ６０ mm (CK , ６００ m３ / hm２ ) , ４０ mm (MS) , and ２０ mm ( SS)water were applied for regrow th after ４ and ５ mowings in ２００２ and in ２００３ , respectively . The diurnal changes ofphotosynthesis ( Pn) and transpiration ( T r) of chicory were measured for the different treatments and different stages of leaf ,bolting , and budding using CIRAS‐１ Cassettes Photosynthesis System ( PPS Co . , Ltd . , UK ) . On sunny days , four matureleaves of chicory in each plot were selected randomly to measure every ２ hours from ０８ :００ to １８ :００ and to calculate the averagePn and T r .Results The diurnal change of leaf Pn showed the�S" shape with the first peak occurring at １０ :００ , the second at １４ :００ , andthe trough at １２ :００ . The diurnal change of T r was similar to Pn , but peaks and the trough were delayed by １‐２ hours comparedwith Pn . The average Pn and T r changes ( Table １ ) showed soil water content had a great influence on photosynthesis andtranspiration of chicory摧s leaves . A quadratic relationship existed between the Pn and T r at the different soil water contents .CK : Pn ＝ ‐０ .３３６５ × T r２ ＋ ８ .４７８７ × T r － ３４ .４５３ ( R２ ＝ ０ .５５６３ , P ＜ ０畅０５ ) ; MS : Pn ＝ ‐０ .３２８７ T r２ ＋ ７ .８７６７ × T r － ３０ .７５７( R２ ＝ ０ .５４１５ , P ＜ ０ .０５ ) ; SS : Pn ＝ ‐０ .０４１４ × T r２ ＋ １ .７９２７ × T r － ３ .８０７２ ( R２ ＝ ０ .４２７４ , P ＜ ０ .０５ ) , due to the effects ofstomatal movement on both rates and the lag in response of transpiration ( Gao １９９９) .At low soil water levels , the stoma closed in order to decrease water loss from chicory摧s leaves . It appeared the response ofchicory to the water shortage at the bolting stage and bud stage were more sensitive than that at the leaf stage . The resultsshowed that a quadratic relationship existed between Pn and T r , and it was essential if normal photosynthesis and transpirationwere to occur , plants needed irrigation for regrow th after each harvest in Beijing .Table 1 The Pn and T r o f chicory摧s leaves at di f f erent irrigation treatments .treat‐mentsleaf stage bolting stage bud stageaverage peak trough average peak trough average peak troughPn μmolCO２ 爛 m‐２爛 s‐１CK １７ ＃.９３ ±１ .０３a ２８ w.１２ ±０ .７４a １９ J.１５ ±０ .８１a １２  .８３ ±１ .６２a ２１ 耨.６０ ±１ .２５a １２ 哪.９６ ±１ .４９a １４ 槝.０７ ±１ .１１a ２５ k.８０ ±０ .７５a １４ y.５８ ±０ .８４aMS １５ ＃.１７ ±０ .８８a ２６ w.５７ ±０ .６３a １５ J.９３ ±０ .６７b １０  .９０ ±１ .５６a １９ 耨.７３ ±１ .１４a １１ 哪.５５ ±１ .３５a １１ 槝.６４ ±０ .９２b ２３ k.３３ ±０ .６７a １０ y.７２ ±０ .６２bSS ７ 寣.５１ ±０ .４３b １８ w.０５ ±０ .３６b ５ 3.６８ ±０ .３８c ６  .３０ ±１ .０４b １５ 耨.２４ ±０ .８８b ５ �.６５ ±０ .９６b ６ 亖.５１ ±０ .３３c １６ k.５５ ±０ .３３b ５ b.１５ ±０ .３０cT r mmolH２O/( m２ 爛 s)CK １０ ＃.７４ ±０ .６２a１４ w.６８ ±０ .６６a １１ J.７９ ±０ .５６ a１１  .３９ ±０ .６８a１５ 耨.８８ ±０ .８５a １１ 哪.７９ ±０ .４８ a１１ 槝.７６ ±０ .９２a１５ k.９３ ±０ .９２a １２ y.１５ ±０ .４５ aMS １０ ＃.２７ ±０ .５９a １３ w.７４ ±０ .６０a １０ J.９２ ±０ .７８ a １０  .３８ ±０ .５９a １４ 耨.２３ ±０ .７９a １０ 哪.３０ ±０ .３９ a １０ 槝.３１ ±０ .８２a １４ k.１１ ±０ .８１a ９ b.９３ ±０ .５２ abSS ５ 寣.７３ ±０ .３３b ８ `.６４ ±０ .４０b ５ 3.３８ ±０ .３５ b ７  .０１ ±０ .４４b １０ 耨.３８ ±０ .５０b ７ �.０１ ±０ .７０ b ７ 亖.７２ ±０ .６０b １１ k.０３ ±０ .６４b ７ b.３４ ±０ .２０ bNote : average‐average of Pn from ０８ :００ to１８ :００ ; peak‐Pn of １０ :００ ; trough‐Pn of １２ :００ . average‐average of T r from ０８ :００ to１８ :００ ; peak‐T r of １２ :００ ; trough‐T r of １４ :００ . Different superscript letters in the same column indicate the significantdifference at a P＜ ０ .０５ level .ReferencesFlexas J , Bota J , Cifre J , et al . Understanding down‐regulation of photosynthesis under water stress : future prospects andsearching for physiological tools for irrigation management [ J] . A nnals A p p lication Biology , ２００４ , １４４ : ２７３‐２８３ .Gao Y ZH , Han B W , Rao L H . Plant physiology [ M ] . Beijing :China A gri . Press , １９９９ , ５７ ～ ５８ , １０２ ～ １０３( In Chinese) .

Photosynthesis and Transpiration of Chicory with Different Irrigation Treatments in Beijing

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Photosynthesis and Transpiration of Chicory with Different Irrigation Treatments in Beijing

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