Sharifi Kashan, M. M.

Tolui, Z.

English

University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress The Study of Salinity and Drought Stress Effects on Three Range Species Agropyron intermedium, Avena barbata and Panicum antidotale from Iran M. M. Sharifi Kashan Natural Resource Administration, Iran Z. Tolui Bu‐Ali Sina University, Iran Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc  Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/21/1-3/20 The 21st International Grassland Congress / 8th International Rangeland Congress took place in Hohhot, China from June 29 through July 5, 2008. Proceedings edited by Organizing Committee of 2008 IGC/IRC Conference Published by Guangdong People's Publishing House This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu. 　 Multifunctional Grasslands in a Changing World 　 Volume Ⅰ 　 瞯 ]119　 瞯Grasslands/Rangelands Resources and Ecology ——— Ecology of Grasslands/RangelandsThe study of salinity and drought stress effects on three range species Agropyron intermedium ,Avena barbata and Panicum antidotale from IranM .M .Shari f i K ashan 1 and Z .Tolui 21 Natural Resource A dministration o f H amedan , I ran .2 Dep t . o f Biology , Faculty o f Sciences , Bu‐A li Sina University , H amedan , I ran . E‐mail : z tolui＠ yahoo .comKey words : drought , dry matter , salinity , stress , water potentialIntroduction Stress is considered to be a significant deviation from optimal conditions of life . The salinity is usually resulted indrought and most of the plants can tolerate a limited amount of salinity and drought , or else it will reduce the function of plantlinearly ( Jafari , ２０００) . Salinity inhibition of plant grow th is the result of osmotic and ionic effects and the different plantspecies have developed different mechanisms to cope with these effects (Munns , ２００２) .Materials and methods This experiment was carried out in order to study the effects of drought and salinity stress on three rangespecies A gropy ron intermedium , A vena barbata and Panicum antidotale using a completely randomized design in ３ repetitionsof ３６ treatments totaling １０８ vessels in the greenhouse . Salinity stress was selected in the form of four salinity treatments ,including zero ( authentic) , ４０ , １２０ and ２００ millimolars . Salt solutions of NaCl ( ６０％ ) , Na２ SO４ （３０％ ） and CaCl２ （１０％ ）were used . Drought stress was selected based on irrigation at an interval of ６ , １２ and ２０ days . Two months duration of stresswas applied . During the test , some characters including : the stem and leaf dry matter , water potential in leaves and the percentof wilted leaves were measured .Results and discussion ２０ days drought and １２０ millimolar salinity treatments have the most wilting . Quantity of the wiltedleaves of A vena barbata and Pancicum antidotale species are more than A gropy ron intermedium , which indicates it摧s moreadaptable in comparison with two other species . The water potential of the leaves is used for the plants tolerance againstdrought stress . The species under severe drought stress (２０ days) in comparison with the species under less stress ( ６ days )have higher osmotic potential . Figure １ shows that increasing drought stress could reduce the function and biomass of the stemand leaf . Increasing stress from ６ days to １２ days increases the loss intensity . Enhanced stress more than １２ days is noteffective in reduction of function . The most dry matter among the plant species is related to A vena barbata in ６ days droughttreatment and the least dry matter is related to A gropy ron intermedium in ２０ days drought treatment . In the three mentioneddrought treatments , A vena barbata has the most biomass and A gropy ron intermedium has the least biomass . Regarding Figure２ , the salinity treatment doses not affect the oscillation of function significantly . Perhaps the plant can tolerate salinity until ２００millimolar concentration but more research is needed to demonstrate it . The information shows that A vena barbata has the mosttolerance and function against salinity while A gropy ron intermedium has the least tolerance and function against the salinity incompared with other treated species .Figure 1 E f f ects o f drought stress on the drymatter ( lea f and stem) .　 　 　Figure 2 E f f ects o f salinity stress on the drymatter ( leaf & stem) .Conclusions The drought and salinity could reduce the plant摧s biomass in short term . The plant would adopt itself with thiscondition and its grow th is reduced . Type and intensity of adaptation are different in species . The stress effect could beobserved on the leaves and their wilting increases . The cellular pressure reduction that resulted in water deficiency causes thereplacement of water potential with pressure . Thus more resistant plants have the most negative water potential . In conclusionamong ３ species , A vena barbata is the most resistant species , because it has the most dry matter , maximum of relativehumidity and negative water potential of leaves . But A gropy ron intermedium is less resistant and Panicum antidotale is theintermediate one . So A vena barbata is the most appropriate plant for cultivating in arid and semiarid areas .ReferencesMunns , R . , (２００２) . Comparative physiology of salt and water stress . Plant Cell Env iron ２８ , ２３９‐２５０ .Jafari , M . , (２０００ ) . Salt soils in natural resource . Tehran University Publication , ２３‐２５ .Oil 60 1'l 50 --22 § 40 (,_ 0 ... 30 o.) E 1a %l 20 E 10 c p 6 12 20 --+-- Av.ba ---- Pa.an --½-- Ag.i o u....:.~~.,,,;;;,,,;.;;;;;.;;;...,=='--1 Length of drought period (day) 40 120 200 Salinity (millimolar) 

The Study of Salinity and Drought Stress Effects on Three Range Species Agropyron intermedium, Avena barbata and Panicum antidotale from Iran

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The Study of Salinity and Drought Stress Effects on Three Range Species Agropyron intermedium, Avena barbata and Panicum antidotale from Iran

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