학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 국제대학원 : 국제학과(국제협력전공), 2016. 8. 이근.This thesis explores the reasons why Russia and Europe clash on Crimea focusing on different conceptions of sovereignty in Russia and Europe. In an effort to provide a Constructivist interpretation of the clash in the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea, this study investigates the concepts of sovereignty adopted in Russia and Europe as a foundation for their clash.
In addressing the main research question Why do Russia and Europe clash on Crimea? the main thesis laid out is that Russia and Europes conceptions of sovereignty significantly differ, and this difference serves as a critical impetus for the clash between Russia and Europe on Crimea. The first part of the analysis demonstrates the different conceptions of sovereignty in Russia and Europe, while the second part provides the reasons for such discrepancy.
It is revealed that the conceptions of sovereignty in Russia and Europe diverge from one another at the core due to their unique national identities. Whereas the Russian concept, driven by its hegemonic identity, distinguishes legal (de jure) and real (de facto) sovereignties, the European construct of sovereignty conception, driven by the shared sense of establishing peace and equality among states, is a unitary and undiscriminating conception.
The main objective of this research was to provide a Constructivist interpretation for the clash between Russia and Europe on Crimea. This study shows that the different conceptions of sovereignty – influenced by states national identity – serve as a reason behind the clash, which substantiates that acknowledging national identity and discovering states understanding of foreign policy concepts could serve a useful purpose in understanding international relations.I. Introduction 1
1. The Annexation of Crimea in 2014 1
2. Why Russia 3
3. Russia and Europe 6
4. Research Question 10
5. Structure of the Thesis 11
II. Theoretical Framework and Methodology 14
1. Constructivism 14
1-1. Limitations of competing Realist Theory 14
1-2. Choice of Constructivism 17
2. Key Conceptions and Proposition 21
2-1. National Identity and Foreign Policy 21
2-2 National Identity and Conception of Sovereignty 24
2-3. Sovereignty 25
2-4. Concept of Sovereignty in Foreign Policy 29
3. Research Methodology 30
3-1. Foreign Policy Analysis 30
3-2. History Analysis 35
3-3. Discourse Analysis 36
III. Annexation of Crimea in 2014 38
1. The Annexation of Crimea in 2014 38
1-1. Overview 38
1-2. The 2014 Crimean Crisis 41
2. Different Conceptions of Sovereignty in Russia and Europe 44
2-1. De jure and de facto Sovereignty 45
2-2. Absoluteness of Sovereignty 54
IV. National Identity and Concept of Sovereignty 57
1. Different Conceptions of Sovereignty 57
2. Russian National Identity 58
2-1. National Identity in Russia 58
2-2. Imperial Legacy and Hegemonic Identity 61
2-3. Hegemonic Identity and Concept of Sovereignty 71
3. The European Identity 77
3-1. Identity of Europe 77
3-2. Legacy of the WWII and Isocratic Identity 79
3-3. Isocratic Identity and Concept of Sovereignty 87
V. Conclusion 91
1. Different Conceptions of Sovereignty in Russia and Europe 91
2. Limitations of the Study and Further Research 96
3. Concluding Remark 99
Annex 101
Bibliography 121Maste