자기주도 이러닝 학습에서 학습자의 과제 선택 지원 전략 개발 연구

Abstract

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 교육학과 교육공학 전공, 2012. 8. 박성익.The purpose of this study is to develop learners task selection-supporting strategies in self-directed e-learning environment and examine their effects and optimality. To achieve the purpose, this study established the following two research questions: (1) developing learners task selection-supporting strategies and (2) verifying the effects and optimality of learners task selection-supporting strategies for self-directed learning. Further, the second research question comprised three subordinate research objectives: (1) investigating the effects of self-directed learning on learners task-selection accuracy, self-directed learning abilities, and learning achievements(2) verifying the effect of learners task selection-supporting strategies on learners task selection decision makingand (3) investigating the optimality of learners task selection-supporting strategies in self-directed learning. In Research 1, this study drew relevant strategies based on literature review to develop strategies to support learners task selection in self-directed learning and then validate the strategies through experts primary and secondary reviews. Then, this study developed an e-learning program with the final strategies reflected and subsequently validated the program through prototype evaluation on the storyboards and through usability evaluation. In Research 2.1, this study selected 236 sixth-grade elementary school students and applied the e-learning program with the final strategies reflected to investigate the effects of learners task selection-supporting strategies on learners task selection accuracy, self-directed learning abilities, and learning achievements for self-directed e-learning. Path analysis revealed that task selection-supporting strategies had a significant effect on learners task selection accuracy in self-directed e-learning, while learners task selection accuracy had a significant effect on their learning achievements. In Research 2.2, this study collected data from 27 sixth-grade elementary school students to examine the effect of learners task selection-supporting strategies on learners task selection decision making in self-directed e-learning. One-way ANOVA revealed that task selection-supporting strategies did not have a significant effect on learners task selection decision making in self-directed e-learning. In Research 2.3, this study collected qualitative data from 27 sixth-grade elementary school students and confirmed the optimality of task selection-supporting strategies in self-directed e-learning, Overall, this study has great significance in that it developed strategies to support learners task selection in self-directed learning and confirmed their positive effects on learners task selection accuracy and learning achievements and even confirmatively analyzed the future direction of learners task selection strategies by comprehending the optimality of the strategies.TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 1. Backgrounds of the Study 1 2. Statement of Problems 7 3. Research Questions 8 CHAPTER II. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 10 1. Process and Outcome of Self-Directed Learning in Formal Education 10 1.1. Self-Directed Learning in Formal Education 11 1.2. Self-Directed Learning as an Outcome 12 1.3. Self-Directed Learning as a Process 13 1.4. Formal Education and Self-Directed Learning 18 2. Importance of Task Selection in Self-Directed Learning Process 20 3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Task Selection 22 4. Cognitive, Meta-Cognitive and Motivation Supports for Learners Task Selection 25 4.1. Cognitive Strategies for Supporting Learners Task-Selection 26 4.2. Meta-Cognitive Strategies for Supporting Learners Task-Selection 30 4.3. Motivation Strategies for Supporting Learners Task-Selection 32 CHAPTER III. RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES 36 CHAPTER IV. METHODS 53 Research 1. Development of LTSS Strategies 56 1. Development of LTSS Strategies Through Literature Review 56 2. LTSS Strategies Validation by Expert Review 61 3. E-Learning Program Development and Evaluation 67 Research 2. Effects and Optimality of the Learners Task Selection Supporting Strategies 80 1. Effects of the Learners Task Selection Supporting Strategies on Task Selection Accuracy, Self-Directed Learning Ability, and Achievement 80 2. Effects of LTSS Strategies and Guidelines on Task Selection Decision Making and the Optimality of LTSS Strategies and Guidelines 90 3. Optimality of LTSS Strategies and Guidelines 91 CHAPTER V. RESULTS 92 Research 1. Learners Task Selection Supporting Strategies and Guidelines Development 93 Research 2. Effects and Optimality of LTSS Strategies and Guidelines 135 CHAPTER VI. DISCUSSION 150 REFERENCES 165 APPENDIXES 180Docto