Voltammetric behavior and trace determination of cadmium at a calixarene modified screen-printed carbon electrode

Abstract

Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) have been evaluated for the anodic stripping voltammetric determination of cadmium using open circuit accumulation facilitated by two different calixarenes: a novel thiolated calixarene, calixarene (I), (5,11,17,23,tetra-tert-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetrakis(2-mercaptoethoxy)-calix[4]arene), and a commercially available calixarene (II) (25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxyl-calix [4]arene). This approach has the advantage that the medium exchange technique can be applied to reduce the possibility of potential electroactive interferents. In the present method, following medium exchange to a clean electrolyte, differential pulse voltammetry was employed in the measurement. This combination resulted in a detection limit of 2.8 ngmL(-1) and a linear calibration range up to 350 ngmL ' Cd2+. There was no interference from Cr3+, Hg2+ and Zn2+, but a decrease in signal was obversed when Pb2+ and Cu2+ were present. The screen-printed sensor modified with calixarene (I) was successfully employed for the determination of Cd2+ in a spiked river water sample

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